句型寶典之含不定詞句3

字號(hào):

…… want/like to do ……
    結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞+一般及物動(dòng)詞+不定詞(to+V)…。
    說(shuō)明︰常以<不定詞>作為<受詞>的<及物動(dòng)詞>有:like(喜歡),want(想要),try(設(shè)法), love(喜愛(ài)),hate(討厭),forget(忘記),begin(開(kāi)始),start(開(kāi)始),need(必須)。
    Some students hate to study English. 有些學(xué)生不喜歡研讀英語(yǔ)。
    You need to study in a quiet place. 你必須在一個(gè)安定的地方讀書(shū)。
    He likes to go to the movie. 他喜歡去看電影。
    She wants to help Mary. 她想要幫助瑪麗。
    …… want/ask sb. to do ……
    結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞+want/ask/tell 等+受詞+to-不定詞
    說(shuō)明︰<不定詞>放在<受詞>的后面,用于補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明<受詞>的動(dòng)作,叫做“<受詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ)>”;當(dāng)<不定詞>要表達(dá)“不要做某事”的意思時(shí),則須采用<不定詞>的<否定式>,即直接在<不定詞>前加 not.常用的此類<動(dòng)詞>有 want,get,compel,expect,ask,would like,advise,urge,wish,tell,allow,permit,trouble,help,teach 等。
    I told him not to goof around. 我叫他不要游手好閑。
    The teacher urged his students to prepare for the exam. 老師勸他的學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備考試。
    They forced me to do things against my will. 他們強(qiáng)迫我做違背我心意的事。
    Do you want me to go there instead of you? 要不要我代你到那兒去?
    I got him to do it. 我叫他做這事。
    Their help enabled me to finish the work with ease.他們幫助我,使我能夠順利地完成工作。
    A sense of humor enabled him to get along well with others.
    幽默感使他能與人相處愉快。
    The heavy workload forced me to cancel the camping trip.繁重的工作量迫使我取消去露營(yíng)。
    The father allowed (=permitted) his son to travel abroad alone.
    父親答應(yīng)讓他的兒子單獨(dú)出國(guó)旅行。
    We troubled him to turn on the light. 我們麻煩他打開(kāi)電燈。
    We needed someone to fix the tape recorder. 我們需要有人來(lái)修理錄音機(jī)。
    I heard him sing.
    結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞+hear/see/feel+受詞+原形不定詞
    說(shuō)明︰此句型意為“聽(tīng)/看/感覺(jué)…”。英文中表示“看”,“聽(tīng)”,“感覺(jué)”的三類<動(dòng)詞>,加了<受詞>之后,須接原形<動(dòng)詞>做<受詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ)>,用以表示已發(fā)生,而且是主動(dòng)意味的事實(shí)。我們稱此類<動(dòng)詞>為知覺(jué)<動(dòng)詞>,常用的有 see,watch,notice,look at,hear,listen to,feel 等。變成<被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)>時(shí),<受詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ)>要變成<不定詞詞組>,如例句4.這些詞后也可接現(xiàn)在<分詞>,強(qiáng)調(diào)“動(dòng)作進(jìn)行”,而接原形<動(dòng)詞>,則強(qiáng)調(diào)“整個(gè)事實(shí)”。
    Did you notice anyone come in? 你注意到有人進(jìn)來(lái)過(guò)嗎?
    As far as I remember, I have never seen him smile. 在我記憶中,我從未見(jiàn)他笑過(guò)。
    She once heard him whisper to another girl. 她曾聽(tīng)到他對(duì)另外一個(gè)女孩說(shuō)悄悄話。
    He was heard to sing. 我聽(tīng)到他唱歌。
    I felt my heart beat violently. 我感覺(jué)到自己的心跳得很厲害。
    She liked to listen to children talk. 她喜歡聽(tīng)孩子們談話。
    We heard him playing with his puppy. 我們聽(tīng)到了他在玩著他的小狗。
    Rick often watched the boats returning to port in the late afternoon.
    瑞克常??吹叫〈诎碚氐礁劭凇?BR>    be going to ……
    結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞+be going+to-不定詞…
    說(shuō)明︰此句型意為“將做…”?!癰e going+to-<不定詞>”用作表示未來(lái)的<助動(dòng)詞>,表示最近之未來(lái)將做的行為或未來(lái)的意圖。這種<句型>經(jīng)常用于會(huì)話體,表示包含講話者的主觀或感情的情形。
    He is going to marry Jane in May. 他打算五月和珍結(jié)婚。
    I am going to stay up late to finish my paper. 為了完成報(bào)告我打算熬夜不睡。
    I'm afraid he is going to lose the match. 我恐怕他會(huì)輸?shù)舯荣悺?BR>    The train was just going to start when we arrived. 我們到達(dá)時(shí),火車馬上就要開(kāi)了。
    My father was a sailor and I'm going to be one, too.
    我父親(以前)是水手,我也打算當(dāng)水手。
    be about to ……
    結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞+be about+to-不定詞…
    說(shuō)明︰此句型意為“將做…”。表示極近的未來(lái)之行為,故為了表示幾乎等于現(xiàn)在的未來(lái)而不和未來(lái)之 <副詞>一起使用,如:不能說(shuō)“I am about to go next week.”。
    He was surely about to change his mind. 他一定會(huì)改變主意。
    She was about to walk out of the door when the telephone rang. 電話鈴響時(shí)她正要出門。
    Something unusual was about to happen. 某種不尋常的事正要發(fā)生。
    …… be to ……
    結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞+be+to-不定詞…
    說(shuō)明︰此句型意為“預(yù)定要…”?!癰e+to+<不定詞>”含有事先的安排或命令,表示“必須…;應(yīng)該…;打算…”。
    A was to be placed onto A', and B onto B'.
    …… seem/appear to ……
    結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞+seem/appear+to-不定詞…
    說(shuō)明︰此句型意為“似乎是…,好像…”。to-<不定詞>的內(nèi)容是表示狀態(tài)的詞。seem 有時(shí)要加入“或許”(probably)的意思翻譯起來(lái)才適當(dāng);appear 近于“乍看之下好像是…”的意思。
    Taiwan seems to contain no petroleum. 臺(tái)灣恐怕沒(méi)有蘊(yùn)藏石油吧!
    The thread seems to match the cloth. 這線和這布似乎很相稱。
    He appears to be very tired. 他似乎很累。
    These stars appear to move around the North Star. 這些星星似乎環(huán)繞著北極星轉(zhuǎn)。
    They appear to be able to handle the problem. 他們似乎可以處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
    John seems to love music very much. 約翰似乎很喜歡音樂(lè)。