…… may have V-ed ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞＋may／might have＋過去分詞
說明︰此句型意為“很可能曾經(jīng)…”。表示對過去之事做不太肯定的推測。而“may／might＋原形<動詞>”是對現(xiàn)在或未來事物做推測。might have 所表示的可能性要比 may have 低一些。
He may have overslept this morning. 今天早上他或許睡過頭了。
The tea is hot； he may have been here before. 茶還熱著，不久前他很可能在這里。
He may have known the truth； otherwise he wouldn't be so angry now.
他當時很可能知道事情的真相，否則他不會這么生氣。
The boy might have known the truth， but I am not quite sure.
這男孩當時也許知道真相，但我不很確定。
…… cannot have V-ed ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞＋cannot have＋過去分詞
說明︰此句型意為“不可能曾經(jīng)…”。是對過去之事做否定的推論，此時一定要用 cannot have 或 cannot，不能使用 must not have 或 must not.而“cannot＋原形<動詞>”是對目前或?qū)碇伦龇穸ǖ耐普摗?BR> She cannot have written the letter herself. 這封信不可能是她自己寫的。
He is honest， so he cannot have stolen my money.他是個老實人，所以他不可能偷了我的錢。
He cannot have caught a cold， because I saw him dancing with Mary the same day.
他不可能感冒，因為當天我還看到他跟瑪麗跳舞。
…… would have V-ed ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞＋would have＋過去分詞
說明︰此句型意為“原本會…但卻未如此”。用以表示“與過去事實相反”的<假設語氣>.
He would have attended meeting， but upon learning that he had no time， he dropped the idea.
他原本要出席會議的，但知道沒有時間，就打消了這個念頭。
I would have told you the truth， but you didn't give me a chance.
我本來要告訴你事情的真相，但是你不給我機會。
I would have done it， but I had no time. 我本來要辦這事的，可是沒時間。
She would have married him， but when she learned that he was a rascal， she parted with him.
她本來會嫁給他的，但知道他是個流氓后，她就離開他了。
…… could have V-ed ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞＋could have＋過去分詞
說明︰此句型意為“原本能夠…但卻未如此”。
He could have bought the car， but soon his company went bankrupt.
他本來能買那輛車的，但沒多久他的公司就倒閉了。
He could have finished it on schedule， but somehow he fell behind.
他原本能按預定進度做完這件事的，但不知怎地卻落后了。
I could have done it if I had wanted to. 如果我那時想做，我能做得到的。
…… should have V-ed ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞＋should／ought to have＋過去分詞
說明︰此句型意為“原本應當…但卻未如此”。此<句型>表示沒有實現(xiàn)之過去的行為、狀態(tài)，含有講話者的責難或遺憾之意。
You should have spoken up in the meeting. 會談時你實在應該發(fā)言（然而你卻沒有）。
He should at least have come to say good-by. 他至少也該來道個別（然而卻沒來）。
He ought to have kept his promise. 他原本應該遵守自己的諾言。
You should have been more careful in money matters. 在錢方面，你本當更小心點的。
He ought to have arrived there by now. 他現(xiàn)在應該已經(jīng)到那里了。
The drama drew a capacity audience； you should have gone to see it.
這出戲吸引了滿場觀眾；你真該去看的。
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞＋may／might have＋過去分詞
說明︰此句型意為“很可能曾經(jīng)…”。表示對過去之事做不太肯定的推測。而“may／might＋原形<動詞>”是對現(xiàn)在或未來事物做推測。might have 所表示的可能性要比 may have 低一些。
He may have overslept this morning. 今天早上他或許睡過頭了。
The tea is hot； he may have been here before. 茶還熱著，不久前他很可能在這里。
He may have known the truth； otherwise he wouldn't be so angry now.
他當時很可能知道事情的真相，否則他不會這么生氣。
The boy might have known the truth， but I am not quite sure.
這男孩當時也許知道真相，但我不很確定。
…… cannot have V-ed ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞＋cannot have＋過去分詞
說明︰此句型意為“不可能曾經(jīng)…”。是對過去之事做否定的推論，此時一定要用 cannot have 或 cannot，不能使用 must not have 或 must not.而“cannot＋原形<動詞>”是對目前或?qū)碇伦龇穸ǖ耐普摗?BR> She cannot have written the letter herself. 這封信不可能是她自己寫的。
He is honest， so he cannot have stolen my money.他是個老實人，所以他不可能偷了我的錢。
He cannot have caught a cold， because I saw him dancing with Mary the same day.
他不可能感冒，因為當天我還看到他跟瑪麗跳舞。
…… would have V-ed ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞＋would have＋過去分詞
說明︰此句型意為“原本會…但卻未如此”。用以表示“與過去事實相反”的<假設語氣>.
He would have attended meeting， but upon learning that he had no time， he dropped the idea.
他原本要出席會議的，但知道沒有時間，就打消了這個念頭。
I would have told you the truth， but you didn't give me a chance.
我本來要告訴你事情的真相，但是你不給我機會。
I would have done it， but I had no time. 我本來要辦這事的，可是沒時間。
She would have married him， but when she learned that he was a rascal， she parted with him.
她本來會嫁給他的，但知道他是個流氓后，她就離開他了。
…… could have V-ed ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞＋could have＋過去分詞
說明︰此句型意為“原本能夠…但卻未如此”。
He could have bought the car， but soon his company went bankrupt.
他本來能買那輛車的，但沒多久他的公司就倒閉了。
He could have finished it on schedule， but somehow he fell behind.
他原本能按預定進度做完這件事的，但不知怎地卻落后了。
I could have done it if I had wanted to. 如果我那時想做，我能做得到的。
…… should have V-ed ……
結(jié)構(gòu)︰主詞＋should／ought to have＋過去分詞
說明︰此句型意為“原本應當…但卻未如此”。此<句型>表示沒有實現(xiàn)之過去的行為、狀態(tài)，含有講話者的責難或遺憾之意。
You should have spoken up in the meeting. 會談時你實在應該發(fā)言（然而你卻沒有）。
He should at least have come to say good-by. 他至少也該來道個別（然而卻沒來）。
He ought to have kept his promise. 他原本應該遵守自己的諾言。
You should have been more careful in money matters. 在錢方面，你本當更小心點的。
He ought to have arrived there by now. 他現(xiàn)在應該已經(jīng)到那里了。
The drama drew a capacity audience； you should have gone to see it.
這出戲吸引了滿場觀眾；你真該去看的。