我們知道，有沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，或者不愿說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，或者沒(méi)有辦法說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者時(shí)，英語(yǔ)就用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)來(lái)表示。相比之下，漢語(yǔ)雖然也有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但它的使用范圍沒(méi)有英語(yǔ)的廣。
我們?cè)谔幚碛⒄Z(yǔ)被動(dòng)句時(shí)，必須根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，盡大可能譯出原文的被動(dòng)含義。下面是英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句的常見(jiàn)處理方式：
一、譯成被動(dòng)句
1. The unemployment rate in that country is expected to remain stable for 2000.
該國(guó)2000年失業(yè)率可望保持穩(wěn)定。
2. His frequent absence from class must be dealt with immediately.
他經(jīng)常缺課的情況必須立即予以處理。
3. The difference between a brain and a computer can be expressed in a single word： complexity.
電腦與人腦的差異可以概括成一個(gè)詞：復(fù)雜性。
4. The spread of AIDS can be controlled through education.
艾滋病的蔓延問(wèn)題可以通過(guò)教育加以控制。
5. If a computer can be made complex enough， it can be as creative as we.
如果能把電腦造得足夠復(fù)雜的話，那么電腦就能像人一樣富于創(chuàng)造力。
6. The brain is made up of cells in a certain arrangement.
人腦是由細(xì)胞按一定的排列方式組成的。
7. 30% of the food consumed in the world today is produced by horticulturists.
全世界消費(fèi)的食品中，30%是由園藝師生產(chǎn)的。
總結(jié)：
“可望”、“予以處理”、“播放”、“概括成”、“加以控制”等在漢語(yǔ)中都含有被動(dòng)意義。
“被”、“由”、“給”、“受”、“使”、“得到”、“是……的”等，都是漢語(yǔ)中常用來(lái)表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義的詞。
練習(xí)：
Nowadays， her songs are so popular among the young people that they are played on the radio every Sunday.
二、譯成被動(dòng)句
英語(yǔ)中以“It is said that……”之類結(jié)構(gòu)開(kāi)始的句子，翻譯時(shí)常常改為主動(dòng)句。具體翻譯時(shí)，可以有不加主語(yǔ)的譯法，也可以有加泛指性主語(yǔ)（如“人們”、“大家”等）的譯法。
（一）不加主語(yǔ)
1. It is reported that five people died in the traffic accident.
據(jù)報(bào)道說(shuō)，有5人死于那次交通事故。
2. It must be pointed out that mistakes of this kind should not be repeated.
必須指出，這樣的錯(cuò)誤不能再犯。
（二）加主語(yǔ)
1. It is believed that more and more people in China will be moving out of the city to live in the country.
人們相信，越來(lái)越多的中國(guó)人將離開(kāi)城市搬到郊區(qū)去住。
2. It is known to all that smoking does harm to our health.
眾所周知，抽煙對(duì)健康有害。
練習(xí)
1. It is said that the new president is going to pay a visit to the refugee camp.
2. It is hoped that you will be back after you complete your Ph.D. in the U.S.A.
我們?cè)谔幚碛⒄Z(yǔ)被動(dòng)句時(shí)，必須根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，盡大可能譯出原文的被動(dòng)含義。下面是英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句的常見(jiàn)處理方式：
一、譯成被動(dòng)句
1. The unemployment rate in that country is expected to remain stable for 2000.
該國(guó)2000年失業(yè)率可望保持穩(wěn)定。
2. His frequent absence from class must be dealt with immediately.
他經(jīng)常缺課的情況必須立即予以處理。
3. The difference between a brain and a computer can be expressed in a single word： complexity.
電腦與人腦的差異可以概括成一個(gè)詞：復(fù)雜性。
4. The spread of AIDS can be controlled through education.
艾滋病的蔓延問(wèn)題可以通過(guò)教育加以控制。
5. If a computer can be made complex enough， it can be as creative as we.
如果能把電腦造得足夠復(fù)雜的話，那么電腦就能像人一樣富于創(chuàng)造力。
6. The brain is made up of cells in a certain arrangement.
人腦是由細(xì)胞按一定的排列方式組成的。
7. 30% of the food consumed in the world today is produced by horticulturists.
全世界消費(fèi)的食品中，30%是由園藝師生產(chǎn)的。
總結(jié)：
“可望”、“予以處理”、“播放”、“概括成”、“加以控制”等在漢語(yǔ)中都含有被動(dòng)意義。
“被”、“由”、“給”、“受”、“使”、“得到”、“是……的”等，都是漢語(yǔ)中常用來(lái)表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義的詞。
練習(xí)：
Nowadays， her songs are so popular among the young people that they are played on the radio every Sunday.
二、譯成被動(dòng)句
英語(yǔ)中以“It is said that……”之類結(jié)構(gòu)開(kāi)始的句子，翻譯時(shí)常常改為主動(dòng)句。具體翻譯時(shí)，可以有不加主語(yǔ)的譯法，也可以有加泛指性主語(yǔ)（如“人們”、“大家”等）的譯法。
（一）不加主語(yǔ)
1. It is reported that five people died in the traffic accident.
據(jù)報(bào)道說(shuō)，有5人死于那次交通事故。
2. It must be pointed out that mistakes of this kind should not be repeated.
必須指出，這樣的錯(cuò)誤不能再犯。
（二）加主語(yǔ)
1. It is believed that more and more people in China will be moving out of the city to live in the country.
人們相信，越來(lái)越多的中國(guó)人將離開(kāi)城市搬到郊區(qū)去住。
2. It is known to all that smoking does harm to our health.
眾所周知，抽煙對(duì)健康有害。
練習(xí)
1. It is said that the new president is going to pay a visit to the refugee camp.
2. It is hoped that you will be back after you complete your Ph.D. in the U.S.A.