十、時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和語氣的使用錯(cuò)誤
1. 時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。 主要是指在一個(gè)句子中，出現(xiàn)不同的時(shí)態(tài)，從而造成時(shí)態(tài)不一致，如： He can’t remember what he once knows.
2. 語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。 在 cet6 綜合改錯(cuò)題中最常見的語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤是被動(dòng)語態(tài)被誤用為主動(dòng)語態(tài)。不及物動(dòng)詞不能帶賓語，因而也就沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如： She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account.
3. 虛擬語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。 此類使用錯(cuò)誤在綜合改錯(cuò)題中主要表現(xiàn)為主語和從句的語氣不協(xié)調(diào)，如： We strongly suggest that Henry is told about his physical condition as soon as possible. 句中動(dòng)詞 suggest 之后的從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，故“ is ”應(yīng)該 “ be ”或“ should be ”。類似的動(dòng)詞還有 demand ， insist ， order 等等。
例 1
These newly wedded couples usually came here and meet 1.__________
together to hold parties.
由于前面的時(shí)態(tài)已經(jīng)限制為過去時(shí)，而且 came 和 meet 是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，兩者時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該保持一致，因此應(yīng)該將 meet 改為 met ，或者將 came 改為 come ，具體情況依據(jù)上下文的語境時(shí)態(tài)而定。
例 2
Computer analyzed marketing reports can help deciding
which products to emphasize now, which to develop
for the future, and which to be dropped. 1.__________
本句中三個(gè)平行成分 which products to emphasize now ， which to develop for the future 和 which to be dropped 結(jié)構(gòu)模式應(yīng)該一致，均采用不定式主動(dòng)語態(tài)，因而 to be dropped 應(yīng)改為 to drop 。
例 3
In the first place, the scientist at once put some
kind of material into the liquid which has already 1.__________
securely obtained.
根據(jù)句子意思可知，此處的 liquid 不可能為動(dòng)作的發(fā)生者，顯然此處應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故應(yīng)該將 has 改為 is 或者在 has 后加 been 均可，意思是指“已經(jīng)安全獲得的液體”。
例 4
Did they gone there yesterday, they would have discovered 1.__________
the truth.
根據(jù)句子意思可知，這句話是說如果他們昨天去了就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)真相，然而他們并未去，此處是虛擬語氣，因此應(yīng)該使用虛擬語氣的格式，將 Did 改為 Had 。
1. 時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。 主要是指在一個(gè)句子中，出現(xiàn)不同的時(shí)態(tài)，從而造成時(shí)態(tài)不一致，如： He can’t remember what he once knows.
2. 語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。 在 cet6 綜合改錯(cuò)題中最常見的語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤是被動(dòng)語態(tài)被誤用為主動(dòng)語態(tài)。不及物動(dòng)詞不能帶賓語，因而也就沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如： She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account.
3. 虛擬語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。 此類使用錯(cuò)誤在綜合改錯(cuò)題中主要表現(xiàn)為主語和從句的語氣不協(xié)調(diào)，如： We strongly suggest that Henry is told about his physical condition as soon as possible. 句中動(dòng)詞 suggest 之后的從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，故“ is ”應(yīng)該 “ be ”或“ should be ”。類似的動(dòng)詞還有 demand ， insist ， order 等等。
例 1
These newly wedded couples usually came here and meet 1.__________
together to hold parties.
由于前面的時(shí)態(tài)已經(jīng)限制為過去時(shí)，而且 came 和 meet 是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，兩者時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該保持一致，因此應(yīng)該將 meet 改為 met ，或者將 came 改為 come ，具體情況依據(jù)上下文的語境時(shí)態(tài)而定。
例 2
Computer analyzed marketing reports can help deciding
which products to emphasize now, which to develop
for the future, and which to be dropped. 1.__________
本句中三個(gè)平行成分 which products to emphasize now ， which to develop for the future 和 which to be dropped 結(jié)構(gòu)模式應(yīng)該一致，均采用不定式主動(dòng)語態(tài)，因而 to be dropped 應(yīng)改為 to drop 。
例 3
In the first place, the scientist at once put some
kind of material into the liquid which has already 1.__________
securely obtained.
根據(jù)句子意思可知，此處的 liquid 不可能為動(dòng)作的發(fā)生者，顯然此處應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故應(yīng)該將 has 改為 is 或者在 has 后加 been 均可，意思是指“已經(jīng)安全獲得的液體”。
例 4
Did they gone there yesterday, they would have discovered 1.__________
the truth.
根據(jù)句子意思可知，這句話是說如果他們昨天去了就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)真相，然而他們并未去，此處是虛擬語氣，因此應(yīng)該使用虛擬語氣的格式，將 Did 改為 Had 。