大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試寫作題型分析及范文(4)

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2. 信的構(gòu)成
     英文信一般由六部分組成。下面的實(shí)例可以說(shuō)明英文信的構(gòu)成,實(shí)例之后還有對(duì)英文信結(jié)構(gòu)的詳細(xì)說(shuō)明。
     發(fā)信人地址→
    chinese department
    beijing university
    beijing, china
    1000
    30th jan 2004
    prof, mary smith
    26 long street
     london, h. w. 16←收信人地址
    great britain
     dear madam, ←對(duì)收信人的稱呼
     信的正文
     結(jié)束語(yǔ)→sincerely
     簽名→li ming
     (1)寫信人地址和發(fā)信日期
     寫信人地址和發(fā)信日期通常寫在信紙右上方,先寫地址,后寫日期。日期的寫法英美不盡相同,以下幾種寫法皆可:
    jan. 30, 2002 jan. 30th, 2002
    30th jan. 200230 jan, 2002
     (2)收信人姓名和地址
     收信人姓名、地址寫在左上方,低于寫信人地址和發(fā)信日期一至兩行,一般要在收信人姓名前加上尊稱或頭銜,如mr., mrs., prof., director等,如:
    prof. wang
    chinese department
    beijing university
     (3)對(duì)收信人的稱呼
     對(duì)收信人的稱呼自成一行,寫在收信人姓中、地址下面空一行外,信紙左邊頂格寫,稱呼一般以dear開始。
     (4)信的正文
     信的正文是信的主體部分,一般在呼語(yǔ)下面空兩行開始寫,每段的第一行都要空一個(gè)字母,正文部分既要內(nèi)容完整,條理清楚,又要注意必要的禮節(jié)。
     (5)結(jié)束語(yǔ)和謙稱
     在信的結(jié)尾處發(fā)信人對(duì)收信人往往使用一種謙稱。這部分寫在正文下面一至兩行處,一般在信紙中間或偏右的地方寫起,首字母要大寫,末尾用“,”。常用謙詞有:
     yours truly, truly yours, faithfully yours, yours faithfully, respectfully yours, yours respectfully, yours lovingly, yours, yours ever等。
     (6)發(fā)信人簽名
     信末的簽名一般低于結(jié)束用語(yǔ)一至兩行,從信紙中間偏右的地方寫起。一般要簽全名,除非是自己十分熟悉或親密的人。有時(shí),還要寫上發(fā)信人的職務(wù)或頭銜。
     另外,有時(shí)信中還有附件,這時(shí)要在信的左下角注明encl(enclosure)或enc.,如:
     enc. drive license附駕駛執(zhí)照
     如果在寫完信后,又有需要補(bǔ)充的內(nèi)容,可在左下方寫p. s. (postscript) .
     二、英文書信實(shí)例
     1.求職申請(qǐng)信要寫明你要申請(qǐng)的工作或職務(wù),你的學(xué)歷、能力或你的特長(zhǎng)。求職申請(qǐng)信的寫作要做到簡(jiǎn)單、明了,要用簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言清楚地反映你的才能、成績(jī)、經(jīng)歷。申請(qǐng)信主要用于申請(qǐng)入學(xué)、學(xué)術(shù)交流等。這類信件應(yīng)寫明本人的意愿、申請(qǐng)的理由。求職申請(qǐng)信的常用句型有:
     ①i‘d like to apply for the job (post, position) advertised……
     ②in answer to your advertisement, i wish to apply for……
     ③i have had the experience of……
     ④i am very interested in (keen on) ……
     ⑤i shall be much obliged if you will give me an opportunity for interview……
     ⑥i am writing to you to apply for admission to your university to pursue my ph. d. degree.
     [例1]graduate school of stanford university
    stanford university
    p. o. box 616
    u. s. a
    may 12, 2002
    foreign affairs office
    beijing university
    beijing, p. r. china
    dear sirs,
     i am a postgraduate student at the graduate school of stanford university. i focus my studies on chinese culture. upon graduation, i would like to come to your university as an english instructor or tutor.
    i have been studying the chinese language and culture for the past two years in stanford. i would like to continue my studies in china as an english instructor. in addition to my extensive educational background, i have computer and baseball coaching experience, which may also be of benefit to your university.
    enclosed is a resume concerning my educational background.
    i look forward to your reply.
     sincerely yours,
    john smith