巧記虛擬語(yǔ)氣六從句 - 四級(jí)語(yǔ)法

字號(hào):

??虛擬語(yǔ)氣在四級(jí)考試中是一個(gè)必考的考點(diǎn)。其中,最??嫉氖撬谫e語(yǔ)從句中的用法。一些表示主觀判斷、推測(cè)、建議、命令和要求的動(dòng)詞通常引起虛擬的賓語(yǔ)從句,此類動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中采用should +do(其中 should可以省略)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式。該類動(dòng)詞包括:
    ??(1)高中詞匯:advise(勸告)、ask(要求)、decide(決定)、insist(堅(jiān)持)、order(命令)、suggest(建議)等。
    ??(2)四級(jí)??荚~匯:command(命令)、demand(要求)、desire(渴望)、prefer(寧愿)、propose(提議)、recommend(勸告)、require(要求)等。
    ??(3)其他詞匯:consent(同意)、maintain(主張)、move(提議)、urge(極力主張)、vote(提議)等。
    ??例句:I recommend that you be diligent if you want to pass the exam.如果你們想考試及格,我勸你們勤奮學(xué)習(xí)。
    ??特別提示:在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí),可以把相似用法歸類記憶。當(dāng)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)使用(should)+do的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式時(shí),則可推理出用法相同的以下一組從句(以動(dòng)詞advise為例):
    ??(1)I advise that we stay and wait here.(動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句)
    ??(2)It is advised that we stay here.(It is +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句)
    ??(3)It is advisable that we stay here.(It is +由該動(dòng)詞派生的形容詞+that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句)
    ??(4)My advice is that we stay here.(由該動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換的名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句)
    ??(5)I offered the advice that we stay here.(由該動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換的名詞后面的同位語(yǔ)從句)
    ??(6)I think it advisable that we stay here.(由該動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換的形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),it為形式賓語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)從句中使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)
    ??以上六類從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都使用了should +do的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式,其中,should可以省略。
    由上類動(dòng)詞派生的??济~有:advice(忠告)、deciion(決定)、demand(要求)、desire(渴望)、order(命令)、 preference(偏愛)、proposal(建議)、recommendation(勸告)、requirement(要求)、suggestion(建議)等。
    ??相關(guān)的形容詞或過去分詞有:advisable(合理的)、 desired(期望的)、desirable(合乎需要的)、insistent(堅(jiān)持的)、ordered(命令的)、preferable(更可取的)、proposed(建議的)、required(要求的)、urgent(緊迫的)等。
    例句:His proposal is that we turn off TV for half an hour every day.(表語(yǔ)從句)他建議我們每天少看半個(gè)小時(shí)的電視。
    ??It is highly desirable that a new president be appointed for this college.(主語(yǔ)從句)急需為這所大學(xué)任命一位新校長(zhǎng)。
    練習(xí):
    ??1.We desire that the team leader_______us immediately of any change in plans.
    ??A.inform B.informs C.informed D.has informed
    ??2.It is recommended that the project________until all the preparations have been??made.
    ??A.is not started?B.willnot be started
    ??C.not be started?D.is not to be started
    ??3.I don't think it advisable that Tom_________to the job since he has no experience.
    A.is assigned?B.will be assigned
    ??C.be assigned?D.has been assigned
    ??4.My suggestion is that she_________the holidays in Paris.
    ??A.spends?B.will spend?C.spend?D.is spending
    ??5.What do you think of his proposal that improvements_________in the old type of vacuum cleaner?
    ??A.be made?B.will be made? C.would be made?D.will have to be made
    ??答案:1.A? 2.C? 3.C? 4.C? 5.A