在yii框架中使用php模板引擎twig的例子

字號(hào):


    twig是一款快速、安全、靈活的php模板引擎,它內(nèi)置了許多filter和tags,并且支持模板繼承,能讓你用最簡(jiǎn)潔的代碼來描述你的模板。他的語法和python下的模板引擎jinjia以及django的模板語法都非常像。 比如我們?cè)趐hp中需要輸出變量并且將其進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)義時(shí),語法比較累贅:
    代碼如下:
    <?php echo $var ?>
    <?php echo htmlspecialchars(\$var, ent_quotes, 'utf-8') ?>
    但是在twig中可以這樣寫:
    代碼如下:
    {{ var }}
    {{ var|escape }}
    {{ var|e }} {# shortcut to escape a variable #}
    遍歷數(shù)組:
    代碼如下:
    {% for user in users %}
    * {{ user.name }}
    {% else %}
    no user has been found.
    {% endfor %}
    但是要在yii framework集成twig就會(huì)遇到點(diǎn)麻煩了,官方網(wǎng)站中已經(jīng)有能夠集成twig的方案,所以這里我也不再贅述。但是由于twig中是不支持php語法的,所以在有些表達(dá)上會(huì)遇到困難,比如我們?cè)趯慺orm的視圖時(shí),經(jīng)常會(huì)這么寫:
    代碼如下:
    <?php $form=$this->beginwidget('cactiveform'); ?>
    <span>login</span>
    <ul>
    <li>
    <?php echo $form->label($model,'username'); ?>
    <?php echo $form->textfield($model,'username'); ?>
    </li>
    <li>
    <?php echo $form->label($model,'password'); ?>
    <?php echo $form->passwordfield($model,'password'); ?>
    </li>
    <li class=last>
    <button type=submit>login</button>
    </li>
    </ul>
    <?php echo $form->error($model,'password'); ?>
    <?php $this->endwidget(); ?>
    但是這樣的語法是沒法在twig中表達(dá)的,所以想去擴(kuò)展下twig的功能,讓他能夠支持我們自定義的widget標(biāo)簽,然后自動(dòng)解析成我們需要的代碼。 總共需要兩個(gè)類:tokenparser和node,下面直接上代碼:
    代碼如下:
    <?php
    /*
    * this file is an extension of twig.
    *
    * (c) 2010 lfyzjck
    */
    /**
    * parser widget tag in yii framework
    *
    * {% beginwidget 'cactiveform' as form %}
    * content of form
    * {% endwidget %}
    *
    */
    class yii_widgetblock_tokenparser extends twig_tokenparser
    {
    /**
    * parses a token and returns a node.
    *
    * @param twig_token $token a twig_token instance
    *
    * @return twig_nodeinterface a twig_nodeinterface instance
    */
    public function parse(twig_token $token)
    {
    $lineno = $token->getline();
    $stream = $this->parser->getstream();
    $name = $stream->expect(twig_token::string_type);
    if($stream->test(twig_token::punctuation_type)){
    $args = $this->parser->getexpressionparser()->parsehashexpression();
    }
    else{
    $args = new twig_node_expression_array(array(), $lineno);
    }
    $stream->expect(twig_token::name_type);
    $assign = $stream->expect(twig_token::name_type);
    $stream->expect(twig_token::block_end_type);
    $body = $this->parser->subparse(array($this, 'decideblockend'), true);
    $stream->expect(twig_token::block_end_type);
    return new yii_node_widgetblock(array(
    'alias' => $name->getvalue(),
    'assign' => $assign,
    ), $body, $args, $lineno, $this->gettag());
    }
    /**
    * gets the tag name associated with this token parser.
    *
    * @param string the tag name
    */
    public function gettag()
    {
    return 'beginwidget';
    }
    public function decideblockend(twig_token $token)
    {
    return $token->test('endwidget');
    }
    }
    class yii_node_widgetblock extends twig_node
    {
    public function __construct($attrs, twig_nodeinterface $body, twig_node_expression_array $args = null, $lineno, $tag)
    {
    $attrs = array_merge(array('value' => false),$attrs);
    $nodes = array('args' => $args, 'body' => $body);
    parent::__construct($nodes, $attrs, $lineno,$tag);
    }
    public function compile(twig_compiler $compiler)
    {
    $compiler->adddebuginfo($this);
    $compiler->write('$context['.$this->getattribute('assign')->getvalue().'] = $context[this]->beginwidget('.$this->getattribute('alias').',');
    $argnode = $this->getnode('args');
    $compiler->subcompile($argnode)
    ->raw(');')
    ->raw(\n);
    $compiler->indent()->subcompile($this->getnode('body'));
    $compiler->raw('$context[this]->endwidget();');
    }
    }
    ?>
    然后在twig初始化的地方增加我們的語法解析類:
    代碼如下:
    $twig->addtokenparser(new yii_widgetblock_tokenparser);
    然后我們就可以在twig的模板里這么寫了:
    代碼如下:
    {% beginwidget 'cactiveform' as form %}
    <ul>
    <li>
    {{ form.label(model, 'username') }}
    {{ form.textfield(model, 'username') }}
    </li>
    <li>
    {{ form.label(model, 'password') }}
    {{ form.passwordfield(model, 'password') }}
    </li>
    </ul>
    {% endwidget %}