mysql 中存在null和空時(shí)創(chuàng)建唯一索引的方法

字號(hào):


    好多情況下數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)默認(rèn)值都有null,但是經(jīng)過(guò)程序處理很多時(shí)候會(huì)出現(xiàn),數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)值為空而不是null的情況。此時(shí)創(chuàng)建唯一索引時(shí)要注意了,此時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)會(huì)把空作為多個(gè)重復(fù)值,而創(chuàng)建索引失敗,示例如下:
    步驟1:
    mysql> select phone ,count(1) from User group by phone;
    +-----------------+----------+
    | phone | count(1) |
    +-----------------+----------+
    | NULL | 70 |
    | | 40 |
    | +86-13390889711 | 1 |
    | +86-13405053385 | 1 |
    步驟一中發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中有70條null數(shù)據(jù),有40條為空的數(shù)據(jù)。
    步驟2:
    mysql> select count(1) from User where phone is null;
    +----------+
    | count(1) |
    +----------+
    | 70 |
    +----------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    經(jīng)2再次驗(yàn)證數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中null和空不一樣的兩個(gè)值。
    步驟3:
    mysql> alter table User add constraint uk_phone unique(phone);
    ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '' for key 'uk_phone'
    此時(shí)創(chuàng)建索引提示‘ '為一個(gè)重復(fù)的屬性。
    步驟4:將所有的空值改成null
    mysql> update User set phone = NULL where phone = '';
    Query OK, 40 rows affected (0.11 sec)
    Rows matched: 40 Changed: 40 Warnings: 0
    步驟5:再次創(chuàng)建唯一索引
    mysql> alter table User add constraint uk_phone unique(phone);
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.34 sec)
    Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
    創(chuàng)建成功,OK了