1、陳述句
說明事實或陳述說話人觀點的句子。基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+謂語+其他
1)肯定陳述句 We all like pandas very much.
2)否定陳述句 He doesn’t do housework at weekends
3)肯定陳述句改否定陳述句
①一般是在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后加not。
Mary was at school yesterday. —> Mary was not at school yesterday.
I can make a model plane. —>I can not make a model plane.
②不含be動詞或情態(tài)動詞的，行為動詞前要用助動詞的否定式(don’t，doesn’t，didn’t)，后面跟動詞的原形。
He likes drawing pictures.—>He doesn’t like drawing pictures.
I went to the park yesterday. —>I didn’t go to the park yesterday.
4)陳述句改一般疑問句
①有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞的，把be動詞或情態(tài)動詞提前。
Mary was at school yesterday. —> Was Mary at school yesterday?
I can make a model plane. —> Can you make a model plane?
②不含be動詞或情態(tài)動詞的句子，借助助動詞開頭，動詞還原成原形。
He likes drawing pictures.—>Does he like drawing pictures.
I went to the park yesterday. —>Did you go to the park yesterday?
2、疑問句
用來提出問題，詢問情況的句子，末尾用問號。
1)一般疑問句：一般疑問句常用來詢問一件事是否屬實，通常以be動詞，助動詞或情態(tài)動詞開頭，用yes或no來回答，因此又叫是非疑問句，通常讀升調(diào)。
—Is Mr Green from the UK? —Yes，he is. / No，he isn’t.
—Do you have any hobbies? —Yes，I do. / No，I don’t.
—Can you play the guitar? —Yes，I can. / No，I can’t.
2)特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)，要求回答具體問題，不能用yes或no來回答。—How do you go to work every day? —I go to work by car.
3)選擇疑問句：提供兩種或兩種以上情況，讓對方選擇，往往用or連接。
—Would you like some tea or coffee? —Some coffee, please.
4)反意疑問句：反意疑問句是由陳述句和附在其后的附加疑問句組成。
—It’s a fine day, isn’t it? — Yes ,it is.
3、祈使句
表示請求或命令別人做某事或不做某事。
1)用于第二人稱，通常省略you。
①肯定祈使句：Open the door, please.
②否定祈使句：Don’t be late again.
2)用于第一人稱和第三人稱，通常以let(let后跟賓格)或shall開頭。
Let me have a look. Let’s play a game now. Let him go home now.
Shall we meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre?
4、感嘆句
表達喜怒哀樂等強烈感情，句尾常用感嘆號(!)，語氣用降調(diào)。
1)what + 名詞或名詞性短語
What a big garden (it is)!
What an interesting storybook (it is) !
What lovely weather (it is)!
What pretty girls (they are)!
2)how +形容詞或副詞+主語+動詞
How nice!
How beautiful the flowers are!
How tall Yao Ming is!
5、there be 句型 表示在某地有某人或某物。
1)主語是單數(shù)，be動詞用is(was);主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞用are(were)。
There is some milk in the fridge.
There are some peaches in the basket.
2)如果有幾個不同的人或物并列存在，be動詞根據(jù)最靠近的那個名詞而定。
There isa ruler and five knives in the pencil case.
There arefive knives and a ruler in the pencil case.
3)there be句型和have/has區(qū)別：
there be句型表示某地有某人或某物;
have/has表示某人有某物。has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其余人稱和數(shù)用have。
There are some English books on the desk.
I have some English books.