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2019年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯考試模擬題及答案：退休金雙軌制
請(qǐng)將下面這段話翻譯成英文：
“退休金雙軌制”是指不同工作性質(zhì)的人員采取不同的退休養(yǎng)老金制度，是計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型期的特殊產(chǎn)物。中國(guó)現(xiàn)行的“退休金雙軌制”有兩套并行的養(yǎng)老金體系，一套是政府部門(mén)、事業(yè)單位人員的退休制度，由政府財(cái)政統(tǒng)一支付養(yǎng)老金;另一套是社會(huì)企業(yè)單位的“繳費(fèi)型”統(tǒng)籌制度，是單位和職工本人按一定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)繳納，退休金由社會(huì)統(tǒng)籌核算。
參考譯文
The dual pension system targets staff of various industries. It was created in the planned economy during the market economy transition period. The current dual pension system of China is composed of two parts: one, the pension system supported by the financial department of the government for staff working for government and government-affiliated institutions; two, the checked and collected tax-funded pension system paid by company units and workers in accordance with certain standards and the pension.
2019年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯考試模擬題及答案：生育政策
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如今，中國(guó)正步入老齡化社會(huì)，因此獨(dú)生子女一代面臨著巨大的工作和生活壓力。中國(guó)政府開(kāi)始適當(dāng)調(diào)整計(jì)劃生育政策，允許一些家庭在特殊情況下生育二胎。但調(diào)查顯示，很多夫妻迫于不斷加重的經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力，放棄生育二胎。因此，要從根本上解決老齡化的問(wèn)題不能依靠出生率的上升，最有效的辦法是建立有效的社會(huì)保障制度。
【詞匯】
步入 step into
老齡化社會(huì) aging society
獨(dú)生子女一代 the only-child generation
巨大的 enormous
調(diào)整 adjust
計(jì)劃生育政策 the family planning policy
在特殊情況下 under certain circumstances
由于，迫于 due to
放棄 abandon
出生率 birth rate
有效的 effective
社會(huì)保障制度 social security system
參考譯文
Nowadays, China is stepping into the aging society. Therefore, the only-child generation is facing enormous pressure both from work and life. The Chinese government has begun to adjust the family planning policy and allows some families to have a second child under certain circumstances. However, the survey shows that some couples abandon to have a second child due to the increasing financial burden. Thus, in order to solve the aging problem, the basic thing is not relying on the increase of birth rate. The best solution is to establish an effective social security system.
2019年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯考試模擬題及答案：珍珠奶茶
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珍珠奶茶
珍珠奶茶，是一款流傳于臺(tái)灣的茶類(lèi)飲料，由于口感特殊，受到青少年歡迎。珍珠奶茶一般使用較大顆粒的粉圓，烹煮后的直徑約在7毫米以上，混入紅茶和牛奶飲料里，用直徑較粗的吸管吸取。粉圓味道有多種選擇，有咬勁，為奶茶增添了風(fēng)味。
參考譯文
Pearl milk tea, also known as "boba milk tea", or simply "bubble tea", is a tea beverage that originated in Taiwan. It is highly popular amongst teenagers for its unique taste. Typically, it contains tapioca balls which are larger than 7 millimeters in diameter after boiling. These are mixed into black tea and milk beverages and drank through large straws. With multiple choices in taste and unique texture, these tapioca balls add a special flavor to already delicious milk tea.
2019年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯考試模擬題及答案：裸辭
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裸辭
“裸辭”指白領(lǐng)一族還沒(méi)找好下家就辭職的現(xiàn)象，不考慮后路，意味著離開(kāi)的決然。因長(zhǎng)期缺乏工作幸福感，或?qū)ぷ魑磥?lái)的迷失感日益增加，這是產(chǎn)生裸辭的主要原因。該詞于2010年底榮登中國(guó)流行詞榜首，成為繼“裸婚”之后在年輕白領(lǐng)中流傳最廣、最快的詞匯、職場(chǎng)第一大熱詞。
參考譯文
Naked Resignation
“Naked resignation” is when an employee quits their white-collar job without having another job lined up. The fact that they do not consider their future beforehand shows how determined they are to leave because they are not happy with what they're doing or they feel lost about the future of their career. This term topped China’s list of buzzwords at the end of 2010 and is an extremely popular term amongst white-collar employees; it is second only to the term “naked wedding”.
2019年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯考試模擬題及答案：傳統(tǒng)文化
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中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深、源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。早在2 000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了儒家學(xué)說(shuō)和道家學(xué)說(shuō)，以及其他很多在中國(guó)思想史上有地位的學(xué)說(shuō)流派，這就是有名的“諸子百家”。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化有它的很多珍貴品質(zhì)。比如“天下興亡，匹夫有責(zé)”的愛(ài)國(guó)情操，“民為邦本”、“民貴君輕”的民本思想和“己所不欲，勿施于人”的行為準(zhǔn)則。
【詞匯】
博大精深 both extensive and profound 儒家學(xué)說(shuō) Confucianism道家學(xué)說(shuō) Taoism
諸子百家 Hundred Schools of Thought孔夫子 Confucius 孫中山 Dr. Sun Yat-sen
天下興亡，匹夫有責(zé) Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country.
愛(ài)國(guó)情操 patriotism 民為邦本 People are the foundation of the country.
民貴君輕 The people are more important than the monarch.
己所不欲，勿施于人 Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you.
行為準(zhǔn)側(cè) code of conduct
參考譯文
The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course. More than 2 000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism and Taoism, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term “the Hundred Schools of Thought”. From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas. For example, they lay stress on. patriotism as embodied in the saying “Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country.”, the populist ideas that “People are the foundation of the country.” and that “The people are more important than the monarch” and the code of conduct of “Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you”.