2018年下半年全國大學英語四級考試在12月15日進行，面對考試不要怕，只要知識掌握牢固了，考什么都不怕！小編整理了“2018年12月英語四級閱讀理解練習題4篇”，歡迎學習，希望給您帶來幫助！祝您考試順利哦！
2018年12月英語四級閱讀理解練習題：第一篇
American society is not nap (午睡) friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. "There's even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep". Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: "Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven. " Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. " We have to totally change our attitude toward napping", says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. ? Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an "American sleep debt" which one member said was as important as the national debt, The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half?hour snooze (打瞌睡) every afternoon. ? About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have "a midafternoon quiet phase"also called"a secondary sleep gate. "Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. ? We Superstars of Snooze don't nap to replace lost shut?eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we"snack"on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.
這是一篇說明文，討論了nap(小睡，打盹)及睡眠充足的積極意義。這是一個被人們忽視或誤解已久的問題，作者試圖在文中糾正人們的錯誤觀點。
1. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is ______ .
A) unreasonable B) criminal C) harmful D) costly
2. The research done by the Dement commission shows that Americans ______ .
A) don't like to take naps
B) are terribly worried about their national debt
C) sleep less than is good for them
D) have caused many industrial and traffic accidents
3. The purpose of this article is to ______ .
A) warn us of the wickedness of napping
B) explain the danger of sleepiness
C) discuss the side effects of napping
D) convince the reader of the necessity of napping
4. The "American sleep debt"( Line 1, Para. 3) is the result of ______ .
A) the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep
B) the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration
C) the rapid development of American industry
D) the Americans' worry about the danger of sleepiness
5. The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is ______ .
A) preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift
B) good practice to eat something light before we go to bed
C) essential to make up for cost sleep
D) natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it
參考答案及解析
1、[答案及分析]：[A]事實辨認題。美國社會中被普遍接受的觀點是過多的睡眠具有下列哪個特征。A項意為“不合理的”，B項意為“有罪的”，C項意為“有害的”，D項意為“代價高的”。根據第一段第一句和最后一句可知A恰當。因為美國人認為“nature requires seven”(生物本能需要7個小時)。
2、 [答案及分析]：[C]事實辨認題。問Dement Commission所做的研究表明了下列哪項事實。第三段說：去年，一個由Dement領導的國際委員會認為存在“美國人的睡眠欠債”，其中一個委員會成員認為該欠債跟國債一樣重大。委員會很關注睡眠不足的危險……。顯而易見C項正確。
3、[答案及分析]：[D]主旨題。問這篇文章的目的是什么。本文的主要內容是闡述napping的重要性，必要性。
4、[答案及分析]：[A]歸納事實題。問“美國人的睡眠欠債”是由下列何種原因造成的。文章在第一段開頭就回答了這個問題：美國社會對napping持反對態(tài)度。第二段直接明了地對此作出評價：wrong.所以，毫無疑問正確答案為A。
5、[答案及分析]：[D]歸納事實題。問最后一段第二句話告訴了我們什么。最后一段第二句的意思是：不論是什么時候，什么地方，只要我們覺得有必要，就可以小寐片刻。D意為：當我們覺得需要小睡片刻是很自然的事。與文章原意吻合，所以D項正確。
2018年12月英語四級閱讀理解練習題：第二篇
Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers if the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world's greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. "It is very clear," he told me. "They were all Jews(猶太人) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage. " As a result, every Jewish parent's dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West. ?
Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values
excellence in a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. "In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours. " says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War Ⅱ, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese. ?
That's a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work,
biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.
這是一篇說明文，以演奏小提琴的神童為何在19世紀末和20世紀初的俄國和東歐出現和最多為例，說明了導致神童產生的原因。
1.Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school
because ______ .
A) it would allow them access to a better life in the West
B) Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent
C) they wanted their children to enter into the professional field
D) it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country
2.Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that ______ .
A) enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence
B) treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development
C) encourage people to compete with each other
D) promise talented children high positions
3.Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to ______ .
A) all-round development. B) the learning of Western music
C) strict training of children D) variety in academic studies
4.Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?
A) A natural gift. B) Extensive knowledge of music. C) Very early training. D) A prejudice-free society.
5.Which of the following titles best summarises the main idea of the passage?
A) Jewish Contribution to Music. B) Training of Musicians in the World C) Music and Society D) The Making of Prodigies
參考答案及解析
1、[答案及分析]：[A]事實辨認題。問為什么在東歐的猶太父母希望他們的孩子進音樂學校文章第一段對此作了明確回答：那時候猶太人在那些地方受到壓迫和歧視。他們不被允許進入諸如醫(yī)生、律師等職業(yè)領域，但允許在音樂舞臺表現出色。因此，每個猶太父母都夢想讓孩子進入音樂學校，因為那是通往西方的護照。理解了這些內容后，顯而易見答案為A項。
2、[答案及分析]：[B]句意理解題。問文章中提到的nurturing societies指的是一種什么樣的社會。文章中論及nurturing societies(培養(yǎng)天才的社會)的內容在第二段。第二段第一句就是nurturing society的定義：a society that values excellence in a certain field and is able to nurture talent.A項意思與此相同，不過是換了一種提法而已。
3、[答案及分析]：[C]歸納事實題。問文中認為日本是一個重視下列哪項事情的國家。A項意為“全方位發(fā)展”。B項表示“學習西方音樂”。C項是“對孩子的嚴格訓練”。D項意為“學術研究的豐富多樣性”。文章第二段說：“In Japan,a most competitive society with stronger discipline than ours,children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields.”據此不難判斷出C正確。
4、[答案及分析]：[A]事實辨認題。問文章認為下列哪項有助于音樂神童的出現。文章第三段說：“Next to hard work,biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy(除了勤奮，遺傳因素在天才的成長中起著重要作用)”。A natural gift的意思跟biological inheritance相同，所以A正確。
5、[答案及分析]：[D]主旨題。問下列哪個標題最能概括本文的主要思想。全文主要講的是形成天才的因素，所以D項合適。
2018年12月英語四級閱讀理解練習題：第三篇
The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched(草蓋的) roof cottages around a church; a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched farm buildings-these are still common sights in parts of England. Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.
Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practised in the British Isles(英倫諸島). Although thatch has always been used for cottage and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too.
Thatching is a solitary(獨自的) craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practised today has changed very little since the Middle Ages. Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses. Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.
In fact, if we look at developing countries, over half the world lives under thatch, but they all do it in different ways. People in developing countries are often reluctant to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings. However, they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materials. Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months. Thatch which has been done the British way last from twenty to sixty years, and is an effective defence against the heat .
這是一篇記敘文，講述了英國的鄉(xiāng)村一景一用草作房頂的村舍。
1. Which of the following remains a unique feature of the English countryside?
A) Cottages with thatched roofs. B) Churches with cottages around them.
C) Rolling hills with pretty farm buildings. D) Narrow streets lined with pink or white houses.
2. What do we know about thatching as a craft?
A) It is quite different from what it used to be.
B) It is in most cases handed down among family members.
C) It is practised on farms all over England.
D) It is a collective activity.
3. Thatched houses are still preferred because of ________.
A) their durability B) their easy maintenance
C) their cheap and ready-made materials D) their style and comfort
4. People in developing countries also live under thatch because ______-.
A) they like thatched houses better than other buildings
B) thatch is an effective defence against the heat
C) thatched roof houses are the cheapest
D) thatched cottages are a big tourist attraction
5. We can learn from the passage that _______.
A) the English people have a special liking for thatched houses
B) most thatched cottages in England are located on hillsides
C) thatching is a building craft first created by the English people
D) thatched cottages in England have been passed down from ancient times
參考答案及解析
1、[答案與分析]:[A]根據文章第1段，尤其是該段的最后一句，可同時排除B、C、D，選擇A。
2、[答案與分析]:[B]根據第3段第1句可知B項正確并同時可排除D項。A項與該段第2句意思相左。選項C的出題動機在于測試考生對細節(jié)的把握，具體地說，是測試學生對第2段第1句的理解。仔細閱讀該句，可知C項與此句其實似是而非，應該排除。
3、[答案與分析]:[D]正確回答本題的關鍵在于文章第3段最后一句話。
4、[答案與分析]:[C]本題問發(fā)展中國家的居民也往草頂屋的原因是什么。整篇文章涉及到發(fā)展中國家(developing country)的信息都在第3段。根據該段第3句話可知C項正確。A項顯然與文章相左。B項陳述本身并不一定錯，但它不是題目中所問的原因。D項的意思在文中找不到，故而也不對。
5、[答案與分析]:[D]文章第2段第1句話和第3段第2句話都可表明D項的正確性。文章只是說明草作房頂的村舍在英國農村很常見，但并不能由此得出A項的結論。文章在開頭描繪了一幅英國鄉(xiāng)村景色圖：在蜿蜒的山坡上有許多草舍。但并沒有說英國的大多數草舍都建在山坡上，故B項也不對。至于C項，從文章中也無法得出這一結論。
2018年12月英語四級閱讀理解練習題：第四篇
The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness, If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true hap piness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children,professional achievement, religious commitment (承擔的義務), self improvement. Ask a bachelor(單身漢) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life i s filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's sleep or a three day vacation. I don't know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couple who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
這是一篇議論文，闡述了幸福的獲得這一嚴肅主題，試圖澄清人們在幸福問題上的一些誤解。
1. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _______ .
A) he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities
B) he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single
C) he finds more fun in dating than in marriage
D) he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement
2. Raising children, in the author's opinion, is _______.
A) a moral duty B) a thankless job
C) a rewarding task D) a source of inevitable pain
3. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from _______.
A) hatred B) misunderstanding
C) prejudice D) ignorance
4. To understand what true happiness is one must _______.
A) have as much run as possible during one's lifetime
B) make every effort to liberate oneself from pain
C) put up with pain under all circumstances
D) be able to distinguish happiness from fun
5. What is the author trying to tell us?
A) Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.
B) One must know how to attain happiness.
C) It is important to make commitments.
D) It is pain that leads to happiness.
參考答案及解析
1、[答案及分析]：[A]根據第3段第1句話，不難得知A項正確。
2、[答案及分析]：[C]依據為第4段的意義：“有嬰兒的父母若能睡一夜整覺或度上一個三天的假期，那真是太幸運了。我認識的為人父母的人中，沒有誰認為撫養(yǎng)小孩子fun(好玩)。但是，決定不要孩子的夫妻永遠也不會體會到看著孩子成長以及孫兒玩耍的那種快樂。”據此可排除A、B、D項而選C。
3、[答案及分析]：[B]最后一段的意思是：“真正的幸福與fun無關，這樣一種觀念使得我們不得envy，因為我們已經理解到那些總是充滿fun的人實際上可能并不幸福?！币簿褪钦f，我們原先所以有envy,是存在誤解(misunderstand)。
4、[答案及分析]：[D]第1段和第2段的第1句話及第3、4段所舉的論據及第5段的意思都表明D項正確。
5、[答案及分析]：[A]作者在第1段就否定了好玩、無痛苦就等于幸福這一觀點，明確提出自己的看法：實際上，導致幸福的事情多半伴隨著痛苦。隨后幾段都在論證這一觀點。很明顯，A項正確。