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2019年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯試題庫(kù)：家中度假
請(qǐng)將下面這段話翻譯成英文：
家中度假(staycation)是指一個(gè)人或一家人待在家里休息，或者在離家不遠(yuǎn)的景點(diǎn)游覽的一段時(shí)光。人們?cè)诩抑卸燃俚脑蚝芏?，如家庭預(yù)算緊張、出游成本不斷攀升，或者孩子太小。對(duì)于大多數(shù)中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)。節(jié)假日期間景區(qū)人山人海，高速公路、城市道路擁堵(congestion)，是促使他們家中度假的兩大主要原因。常見(jiàn)的家中度假活動(dòng)包括在家里招待朋友、游覽當(dāng)?shù)氐墓珗@和博物館，或參與當(dāng)?shù)匾恍┕?jié)日活動(dòng)等。家中度假也可以豐富多彩，它將成為一種新的度假趨勢(shì)。
參考翻譯:
A staycation refers to a period in which an individual or a family stays at home for relaxing or takes trips to nearby tourist attractions. There are various reasons for people to take a staycation, like tight family budgets, rising travel costs or having very young kids. For the majority of Chinese people, overcrowded tourist sites, congestion on expressways and city roads during holidays are the two major factors contributing to their staycations. Common activities of a staycation include entertaining friends at home, visiting local parks and museums, and attending local festival colebfations. A staycation can be rich and colorful, and it will become a now trend for vacation.
1.第一句話中的主干結(jié)構(gòu)為“家中度假是指...一段時(shí)光”，因?yàn)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)，可將定語(yǔ)處理成which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
2. “如家庭預(yù)算緊張、出游成本不斷攀升，或者孩子太小”具體列舉人們?cè)诩抑卸燃俚脑?，翻譯“緊張”、“攀升"和“太小”時(shí)可采用“形容詞+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，即like tight family budgets, rising travel costs or having very young kids，比較符合英文表達(dá)習(xí)慣。
3.在“節(jié)假日期間景區(qū)人山人海，高速公路、城市道路擁堵，是促使他們家中度假的兩大主要原因”一句中，“景區(qū)人山人?！焙汀案咚俟?、城市道路擁堵”都是主謂短語(yǔ)，可理解成“人山人海的景區(qū)”和“擁堵的高速公路、 城市道路”分別譯作overcrowded tourist sites和congestion on expressways and city roads，符合英文中多用名詞表達(dá)的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)。
4.最后一句由兩個(gè)分句組成，可譯為兩個(gè)并列句，用連接間and連接。
2019年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯試題庫(kù)：北京文化
請(qǐng)將下面這段話翻譯成英文：
人們說(shuō)，真正的北京文化是胡同(hutong)和四合院(quadrangle courtyard)文化。它們比髙樓大吸引的海內(nèi)外游客更多?，F(xiàn)在，胡同已經(jīng)成為北京文化的代表，因此對(duì)于想了解當(dāng)?shù)氐臍v史文化的人來(lái)說(shuō)，胡同是首選。胡同是蒙古詞，意思是“水井”。在元朝，蒙古人髙度重視水，所以幾乎每一個(gè)城市社區(qū)都圍繞一口井設(shè)計(jì)。直到今天，人們?nèi)匀豢梢栽诤姓业娇菥?。每條小巷中都有故亊。在古代，它們的名宇是口口相傳的，胡同里沒(méi)有路標(biāo)(signpost)。直到明、清兩代， 胡同的名字才逐漸被書(shū)寫(xiě)下來(lái)。
參考翻譯:
People say that the real culture of Beijing is the culture of hutong and quadrangle courtyards. They attract more tourists from home and abroad than the high-rise buildings and large mansions. Now hutongs have become representatives of Beijing’s culture; thus it is the first choice for people who would like to learn about the local history and culture. Hutong is a Mongolian word meaning “well”.In the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians attached great importance to water, so almost every community in the city was designed around a well. Until now, one can still find dry wells in hutongs. Where there is such a lane, there is a story. In ancient times, the names of them were passed from mouth to mouth among people ;there were no signposts in hutongs. It was not until the Ming and Qing Dynasties that the names of hutongs were written down gradually.
1.四合院：可譯為quadrangle courtyard,也可以用courtyard house或者courtyard表達(dá)。
2.高樓大廈：此處可譯為the high-rise buildings and large mansions,即“高層建筑和大廈”。
3.成為...的代表：可譯為become representatives of。
4.首選：可譯為first choice,而best choice則意為“最佳選擇”。
5.高度重視：可譯為attach great importance to。其中importance也可以用much修飾。
6.每條小巷中都有故亊：可譯為Where there is such a lane, there is a story.地道，又與眾不同。