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不定式
形式
主動(dòng)形式 被動(dòng)形式
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
進(jìn)行式 to be doing
完成進(jìn)行式 to have been doing
完成式：不定式的一般形式所表示的動(dòng)作，通常與主要謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)(或幾乎同時(shí))發(fā)生，或是在它之后發(fā)生。假如不定式所表示的動(dòng)作，在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))之前發(fā)生，就要用不定式的完成式。
I am glad to have seen your mother (= I am glad I have seen your mother).
(比較: I am glad to see you.)
He is said to have written a new book about workers.
He pretended not to have seen me.
進(jìn)行式: 如果主要謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，這時(shí)要用不定式的進(jìn)行式。
You are not supposed to be working. You haven't quite recovered yet.
We didn't expect you to be waiting for us here.
He pretended to be listening attentively.
完成進(jìn)行式: 在謂語(yǔ)所表示的時(shí)間之前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作, 就要用不定式的完成進(jìn)行式.
The struggle was known to have been going for twenty years.
We are happy to have been working with you.
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