在英語學(xué)習(xí)中，語法的學(xué)習(xí)是非常重要的。英語的句型復(fù)雜多變，如果語法知識掌握不夠全面很容易出錯(cuò)。下面是出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)(www.liuxue86.com)英語四六級頻道為大家搜集整理的四級語法大全—動詞，希望對大家有所幫助!
動詞(時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，用法，省略，一致性等)
時(shí)態(tài)
1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) (have/has been + -ing 分詞構(gòu)成): 動作或狀態(tài)從過去某時(shí)開始,繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可能繼續(xù)下去,也可能剛剛結(jié)束.
I’ve been writing letters for an hour.
I’ve been sitting in the garden.
2.過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(由had been + ing分詞構(gòu)成): 過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻以前一直在進(jìn)行的動作
I’d been working for some time when he called.
We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.
3.將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí): 將來某個(gè)時(shí)刻以前一直在進(jìn)行的動作.
By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.
In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.
4.將來完成時(shí)(由shall/will have + 過去分詞構(gòu)成): 將來某時(shí)已發(fā)生的事.
I shall have finished this one before lunch.
They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.
語態(tài)
可以有兩種被動結(jié)構(gòu)的類型,例如:
He was said to be jealous of her success.
It was said that he was jealous of her success.
能同時(shí)適用于上述兩個(gè)句型的主動詞通常都是表示“估計(jì)”,“相信”等意義的動詞,常見的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.
It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.
The ship is supposed to have been sunk.
擔(dān)當(dāng)be supposed to 與不定式的一般形式搭配時(shí)往往表示不同的意義.例如:
Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你應(yīng)該曉得速度限制)
雙賓語及賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動語態(tài)
雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的被動語態(tài): 雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí),可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,另一個(gè)賓語仍然保留在謂語后面,但多數(shù)是把間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z.
He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.
Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.
賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動語態(tài):
She was called Big Sister by everybody.
Then he was made a squad leader.
He was considered quite qualified for the job.
The room was always kept clean and tidy.
短語動詞
Vi + adv
The plane took off two hours late.
Vi + prep
They looked round the Cathedral.
Vi + prep (有被動語態(tài))
She’s looking after her sister’s children.
The children were always well looked after.
Vi + adv + prep
I began to look forward to their visits.
Vt + O + adv
Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.
The children were brought up by their mother.
They took him on.
Vt + adv + O (無被動語態(tài))
I am trying to give up smoking.
Vt + O + prep
We talked Donald into agreement.
>>>點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入四六級頻道了解更多相關(guān)信息
推薦閱讀:
英語四六級考試全面攻略