Test Thirty-Two
近義詞辨析
refuse, reject, decline, deny, repel
這組詞均含有“打破”或“擠碎”的意思。
refuse
是表示“拒絕”這一概念的最普通的用詞，語氣比decline強(qiáng)，含有非常堅(jiān)決地、不客氣地拒絕的意味。refuse作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面常常接名詞或代詞表示被拒絕的對(duì)象，跟不定式表示拒絕做某事。作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，refuse可單獨(dú)使用。
reject
意為“拒不接受，不采納”，語氣比refuse更強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)拋棄、丟棄，有時(shí)可翻譯為“抵制，駁回”。
該詞還常常表示由于客觀條件不符合規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而遭到拒絕。reject后通常只接名詞或代詞。decline
常常翻譯為“辭謝，婉言謝絕”，指有禮貌地、語氣委婉地拒絕，主要用于拒絕有關(guān)社交活動(dòng)的邀請(qǐng)或請(qǐng)求等。
deny
常常作“否認(rèn)，否定”講，其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或that?從句。另外，deny也可作“拒絕給予”講，這時(shí)多接雙賓語，即用在deny sb. sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，并且可以與refuse互換，不過語氣要比refuse更堅(jiān)決。
repel
指“拒絕接受”，甚至含“抵制”的意思，語氣比reject強(qiáng)。
It is the stupid who refuse to be taught by mistake.只有蠢人才拒絕從錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)。
The patient’s body rejected the heart transplant.病人的身體對(duì)心臟移植有排斥反應(yīng)。
She declined to have lunch with us, saying that she ?wasn’t? feeling well.她說身體不適而婉言謝絕與我們共進(jìn)午餐。
He doesn’t dare to deny the charges, does he?他不敢否認(rèn)這些指控。
Fire repels wild animals.火使野獸不敢靠近。
全真模擬試題
1. He kept asking questions, but not a word ?____?.
A. could we understand B. we could understand
C. we understand could D. understand could we
2. Milk is sold ?____? bottle nearly everywhere in China.
A. by the B. with a C. in a D. in the
3. I ?____? to go to London today, but when the fortune teller warned me not to travel, I postponed the trip.
A. had intended B. was intending
C. would intend D. was intended
4. He has no alternative but ?____? and ask his brother for assistance.
A. to go B. go C. going D. will go
5. Even when stranded in an isolated village by snow, ?____?.
A. it seemed my journey was still exciting
B. my journey still seemed exciting
C. I still thought my journey exciting
D. my journey was still thought to be exciting
6. “Let’s go, Tom. It’s time we ?____?”“All right, Mary. I’ll finish itin a few seconds.”
A. play baseball B. played baseball
C. will play baseball D. are playing baseball
7. After a while, he left Newton’s to start ?____? his own as an illustrator.
A. for B. with C. as D. on
8. No sooner ?____? than the parrot flew out and settled in the same tree as the cat.
A. had Mary opened the cage
B. Mary opened the cagethat
C. did Mary open the cage
D. Mary opened the cage when
9. ?____?, you would have seen my nephew， a very outs tanding and promising boy.
A.Had you arrived earlier B. I you arrived earlier
C. Did you arrive earlier D. Unless you had arrived earlier
10. ?____? told by the doctor to stop smoking, Mr. Smith carried neither matches nor cigarettes.
A. Had been B. Have been C. Having been D. Has been
11. When you take medicine, be careful not to ?____? that amount printed on the bottle.
A. exceed B. substitute C. exert D. surpass
12. The football match was televised ?____? from the worker’s stadium.
A. alive B. alike C. lively D. live
13. Use your library to learn which animals ?____? the desert.
A. live B. occupy C. inhabit D. settle
14. The important statement was soon ?____? all over the world by radio.
A. brought B. carried C. taken D. transformed
15. Our next?door neighbors have ?____?us to have the same kind of carpeting as they have.
A. persuaded B. insisted C. convinced D. suggested
16. Although it was ?____? jewellery, it looked real enough.
A. untrue B. imitation C. invented D. false
17. The plate glass must be capable of ?____? very high temperature.
A. sustaining B. retaining C. obtaining D. maintaining
18. The upset woman gave an ?____? of the killer’s second attack.
A. illustration B. account C. analysis D. explanation
19. Dr. Jones checked the patient’s ?____? carefully before making his treatment.
A. symbols B. symptoms C. signs D. conditions
20. In order to buy the house she had to obtain a ?____? from the bank.
A. deposit B. capital C. debt D. loan
21. The company is looking for a new ?____? for another branch office.
A. position B. post C. point D. site
22. The old family ?____? in China has undergone some change since liberation.
A. pattern B. shape C. form D. institution
23. “I have to go to see my doctor this afternoon.”
“Would you like me to ?____? with you?”
A. send B. escort C. accompany D. campaign
24. Knowing that more teachers will come to visit her class ?____? her on.
A. spurred B. promoted C. thrilled D. excited
25. The Olympic Games winners received a gold medal as a(n) ?____?.
A. reward B. praise C. award D. gift
試題答案與解析
1. A)【句意】他不斷地問問題，可我們一個(gè)字也聽不懂。
【難點(diǎn)】not, never, hardly, by no means 等否定詞位于句首時(shí)可引導(dǎo)倒裝。
2. A)【句意】在中國差不多所有地方，牛奶都按瓶出售。
【難點(diǎn)】sell by the bottle , pay by the hour, die by the hundred 等短語屬習(xí)慣性搭配。
3. A)【句意】我原打算今天去倫敦，可是算命先生警告我不要外出，我就推遲了這次旅程。
【難點(diǎn)】表示“本打算，本希望”這一概念時(shí)，一般用had intended 或had hoped，后面接動(dòng)詞不定式。
4. A)【句意】他別無選擇，只好請(qǐng)他弟弟幫忙。
【難點(diǎn)】have no alternative(choice) but to do 是個(gè)習(xí)慣搭配，意為“別無選擇，只好…”。
5. C)【句意】即使被大雪困在一個(gè)孤村里，我還是認(rèn)為我的旅程很刺激。
【難點(diǎn)】when 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句省略了 I was 。主句和分句的主語要做到語法一致，所以選C)。?
6? B)【句意】“我們走吧，湯姆，到了該打壘球的時(shí)候了。”“好的，瑪麗，我馬上就完。”
【難點(diǎn)】It’s time +從句，這一結(jié)構(gòu)，要求從句中使用一般過去時(shí)的虛擬語氣。
7. D)【句意】過了一段時(shí)間，他離開牛頓家，獨(dú)自一人去作插圖畫家。
【難點(diǎn)】on one’s own 是習(xí)慣搭配，意為“獨(dú)自一人”。
8. A)【句意】瑪麗一打開鳥籠，鸚鵡就飛了出來，并落在貓所在的那棵樹上。
【難點(diǎn)】no sooner 引導(dǎo)倒裝，主句應(yīng)使用過去完成時(shí)，后接than。
9. A)【句意】你要是早到點(diǎn)，就看見我外甥了——一個(gè)杰出的、前途無量的小伙子。
【難點(diǎn)】Had you arrived earlier 是if you had arrived earlier的倒裝形式,是與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句。
10. C)【句意】醫(yī)生告訴他別再吸煙后，史密斯先生既不帶火柴也不帶香煙。
【難點(diǎn)】用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，主句動(dòng)作之前。
11. A)【句意】吃藥的時(shí)候，小心不要超過藥瓶上規(guī)定的藥量。
【難點(diǎn)】exceed意為“超過(限度)，超越”;substitute意為“代替，代用”;exert意為“發(fā)揮，運(yùn)用”，后接on; surpass 意為“優(yōu)于，勝過，超過”。
12. D)【句意】足球賽從工人體育場(chǎng)作現(xiàn)場(chǎng)電視直播。
【難點(diǎn)】live是形容詞，意為“(廣播，電視)實(shí)況的”;alive 意為“活的，有活力的”，作表語;alike意為“相似的，相同的”，亦只作表語;lively 意為“活潑的，活躍的”。
13. C)【句意】到圖書館去查哪些動(dòng)物居住于沙漠。
【難點(diǎn)】inhabit 意為“居住于”，是及物動(dòng)詞;live是“居住”，是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞;occupy 意為“占領(lǐng)，占據(jù)”;settle 意為“定居，安頓”，是不及物動(dòng)詞。
14. B)【句意】這個(gè)重要宣言很快傳遍了全世界。
【難點(diǎn)】carry 意為“攜帶，傳達(dá)，廣播”;bring 意為“帶來，拿來”;take 意為“拿走”;transform 意為“改變(外觀等)”。
15. A)【句意】我的隔壁鄰居勸我們鋪他們家那樣的地毯。
【難點(diǎn)】persuade 意為“勸說，勸服”，常用于persuade sb to do 結(jié)構(gòu)中;insist意為“主張，堅(jiān)持”，常于on連用，后接動(dòng)名詞;convince 意為“使信服”;suggest 意為“提議，建議”。
16. B)【句意】雖然這是人造寶石，但看上去足夠逼真。
【難點(diǎn)】imitation jewellery 意為“人造寶石”，其它詞與jewellery 搭配不恰當(dāng)。untrue意為“非真實(shí)的”;invented 意為“發(fā)明的”;false 意為“假的”。
17. A)【句意】厚玻璃板一定能承受很高的溫度。
【難點(diǎn)】sustain 意為“支撐，支持，承受”;retain 意為“保存，保持”;obtain意為“獲得，達(dá)到”;maintain 意為“維修，保養(yǎng)”。
18. B)【句意】受驚的婦女描述了殺手的第二次進(jìn)攻。
【難點(diǎn)】account意為“描寫，描述”;illustration意為“插圖，說明”;analysis 意為“分析”; explanation意為“解釋”。
19. B)【句意】瓊斯大夫檢查了病人的癥狀后才作治療。
【難點(diǎn)】symptom 意為“癥候，征狀”;symbol 意為“象征，符號(hào)”;sign意為“記號(hào)，標(biāo)志，跡象”;condition 意為“狀態(tài)，條件”。
20. D)【句意】為了買房子，她不得不從銀行貸款。
【難點(diǎn)】loan 意為“貸款”;deposit 意為“存款，押金”;capital 意為“資本，資金”;debt 意為“債務(wù)”。
21. D)【句意】公司正為另一家分公司找新地點(diǎn)。
【難點(diǎn)】site 意為“地點(diǎn)，用地”;position 意為“位置，地位”;post 意為“職位，工作崗位”;point 意為“尖端，點(diǎn)，度”。
22. A)【句意】中國舊的家庭模式從解放以來已經(jīng)歷一些變化。
【難點(diǎn)】pattern 意為“樣式，模式”;shape意為“狀態(tài)，形態(tài)”;form 意為“形式，格式”;institution 意為“習(xí)俗，制度”。
23. C)【句意】“我今天下午得去看醫(yī)生。”“你想叫我陪你去嗎?”
【難點(diǎn)】accompany 意為“伴隨，同行”;send意為“送，派”;escort 意為“護(hù)衛(wèi)，護(hù)送”;campaign 意為“從事競(jìng)選活動(dòng)”。
24. A)【句意】知道有更多的老師要來聽她的課，她很受鼓舞。
【難點(diǎn)】spur 意為“鼓舞，刺激”，常與on 連用，promote 意為“促進(jìn)，促銷;晉級(jí)”;thrill意為“使人心情激動(dòng)，使人熱血沸騰”;excite意為“興奮，刺激”。后三個(gè)詞都不與on連用。
25. C)【句意】奧運(yùn)會(huì)冠軍得主都獲得金牌作為獎(jiǎng)賞。
【難點(diǎn)】award意為“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，獎(jiǎng)賞”; reward意為“報(bào)酬”;praise 意為“表揚(yáng)，贊揚(yáng)”;gift 意為“禮物，贈(zèng)品”。