2014年英語專四考試詞匯語法題考前練兵(27)

字號:


    Test Twenty-Seven
    近義詞辨析
    recall, remember, remind, recollect
    這組詞都有“(使…)想起”之意。
    recall
    意為“想起”,強調(diào)有意識地去“回憶,回想”,常與can, could等詞連用,強調(diào)一次性回憶。
    remember
    表示“想起”,指事物自然地在記憶中出現(xiàn),不強調(diào)努力或意志。
    remind
    表示“使…想起”,指人受到一定媒介的啟發(fā)或提醒而慢慢地喚起對往事的記憶,常用在remind sb. of sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)中。
    recollect
    意為“回想”,指把已經(jīng)遺忘的事情重新想起,強調(diào)回憶過程。
    I can’t recall having met him before.我記不起以前曾見到過他。
    I suddenly remembered I had left the book in the library.我突然想起我把書忘在圖書館了。
    Your telling me that story reminds me of another.你給我講的故事使我想起了另一個故事。
    She thought back and tried to recollect the exact wording of the letter.她回憶著,試圖回想起那封信的準(zhǔn)確字眼。
    shift, move, remove, transfer
    這組詞均含有“移動,轉(zhuǎn)移”的意思。
    shift
    含有“輕易地更動”或出于不正當(dāng)?shù)膭訖C把罪過“轉(zhuǎn)”到他人身上的意思。
    move
    應(yīng)用范圍很廣,其中主要意思是“從一處移到另一處”。
    remove
    意為“拿開,移動,消除”,強調(diào)離開原來的、正常的地方或職位等做一種新的、有時是暫時的安排或改變。該詞還含有把不利的東西“取消”的意思。
    transfer
    意為“調(diào)動,移交”,強調(diào)從一處轉(zhuǎn)到另一處。
    It’s no use trying to shift the blame to anybody else.想把過錯推到別人身上是沒用的。
    Please help me move the desk to the corner.請幫我把桌子搬到墻角。
    The obstacle has been removed; the two countries continued their dialogue.障礙已經(jīng)排除,兩國又繼續(xù)對話。
    The head office of the company has been transferred to New York.該公司總部已遷至紐約。
    全真模擬試題
    1. It wasn’t sucha good dinner ?____? she had promised us.
    A. that B. which C. as D.what
    2. ?____? can we yield to the pressure.
    A. By and large B. By means of
    C. By no means D. In return
    3. By the time we reach an agreement, the approvals ?____?.
    A. will be got B. have been got
    C. shall have been got D. are got
    4. The World Trade Center, the top ?____? is 410 meters high, is the tallest building in the world.
    A. of which B. which C. of whose D. that
    5. Doctor Godwin says that ?____? what forceful arguments against smoking there are, many people persist in smoking.
    A. though B. however C. no matter D. but
    6. ?____? many times, this radio receiver is found very sensitive.
    A. Being tested B. Having been tested
    C. Having tested D. Testing
    7. If traffic problems are not solved soon, driving in cities ?____? impossible.
    A. becomes B. will have become
    C. will become D. become
    8. On this busy road drivers ought to be especially careful, ?____? ?
    A. ought it B. oughtn’t they
    C. oughtn’t it D. don’t they
    9. Only when the war was over in 1945 ?____? to his hometown.
    A. did he return B. he did return
    C. he returned D. had he returned
    10. ?____? his eyes when she told him that it was time for them to leave.
    A. Hardly had he opened B. Scarcely did he open
    C. No sooner did he open D. He had no sooner opened
    11. She has?____? as a singer; she’s worth training.
    A. abilities B. capabilities
    C. talents D. capacities
    12. The atomic clock is ?____? to within 3 seconds in a century.
    A. exact B. clear C. accurate D. explicit
    13. That consciousness is being transformed into ?____?.
    A. action B. act C. deed D. activity
    14. To stress the importance of a rich vocabulary, the teacher used a(n) ?____?.“Writing with a severely limited vocabulary”, she said, “is like trying to paint a circus with only a few colors.”
    A. example B. comparison C. contrast D. analogy
    15. When my father listens to classical music on the radio, he often swings his arms as if he’s ?____? the orchestra.
    A. leading B. controlling
    C. conducting D. practising
    16. The disappearance of that money from my wallet is quite ?____?. I’m sure the wallet was in my pocket all day.
    A. dramatic B. doubtful C. mysterious D. dangerous
    17. A completely new situation is likely to ?____? when the school leaving age is raised to 16.
    A. rise B. raise C. arise D. arouse
    18. The campers ?____? their tent in a sheltered valley.
    A. established B. placed C. fixed D. built
    19. An almost ?____? line of traffic was moving at a snail’s pace through the center city.
    A. continuous B. constant C. long D. continual
    20. On entering another country, a tourist will have to ?____? the customs.
    A. pass through B. pass by C.pass over D. pass away
    21. Experiments enable young scientists to judge what must be accepted and what must be viewed with ?____?.
    A. belief B. curiosity C. suspicion D. doubt
    22. The city has decided to ?____? overhead wires.
    A. do off B. do with
    C. do away with D. do away
    23. George ?____? tears when he heard the sad news.
    A. broke through B. broke up
    C. broke into D. broke out
    24. As the airliner began to take off, Jane , together withher boyfriend ?____?, took a last look at their parents who had come to see them off.
    A. on board B. at most C. on schedule D. at random
    25. She’s ?____? as a very promising young singer.
    A. looked on B. looked for C. looked over D. looked up
    試題答案與解析
    1. C)【句意】這頓飯并不像她所許諾的那么好。
    【難點】本句缺少定語從句的關(guān)系代詞,按照英語語法,如果such所修飾的成分后跟定語從句,則定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞通常用as,構(gòu)成such…as結(jié)構(gòu),意為“像…一樣的”。
    2. C)【句意】我們無論如何也不能屈服于壓力。
    【難點】By and large意為“一般來講,大體上”。By means of意為“借助于,通過”。By no means意為“決不,無論如何都不”。In return意為“反過來,作為回報”。
    3. C)【句意】到我們達(dá)成協(xié)議的時候,所有的批準(zhǔn)都會到手。
    【難點】“by the time+從句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)常常和現(xiàn)在完成時或過去完成時的主句連用。
    4. A)【句意】高410米的世界貿(mào)易中心是世界上最高的建筑。
    【難點】如果定語從句中要強調(diào)先行詞的某一部分,則通常用“名詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞”構(gòu)成的定語從句。此類定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞必須按照先行詞來確定。
    5. C)【句意】歌德溫醫(yī)生說,盡管存在那么有力的反對吸煙的論據(jù),但許多人還是堅持吸煙。
    【難點】英語中的讓步狀語從句常由下列連詞引導(dǎo):though/although,even though/even if,no matter+who/how等等。
    6. B)【句意】經(jīng)過多次測試以后,發(fā)現(xiàn)這臺無線電接收機的靈敏度很高。
    【難點】完成時的現(xiàn)在分詞形式在本句中用作時間狀語,表明測試的時間在發(fā)現(xiàn)靈敏度很高之前,being tested不能夠表達(dá)這一含義,而having tested和testing動作的主體和邏輯主語為人,造成時間狀語的邏輯主語和主句的主語不一致,故只能選B)。
    7. C) 【句意】如果不盡快解決交通問題,將來就不可能在城市內(nèi)駕車行駛。
    【難點】如果條件句的謂語動詞為一般現(xiàn)在時,則主句的謂語動詞應(yīng)采用一般將來時。?8. B)【句意】在這條車水馬龍的路上,汽車駕駛員應(yīng)該格外小心,對不對?
    【難點】“ought+to+V”這一形式,在變成反意疑問句時,只要在ought后加not,然后再加相應(yīng)的主語即可。
    9. A)【句意】直到1945年戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后他才回到家鄉(xiāng)。
    【難點】副詞only置于句首,主要目的在于強調(diào),在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上,則引起倒裝。
    10. A)【句意】他一睜開眼睛,她就告訴他他們該動身了。
    【難點】hardly...when為一固定搭配,意為“一…就”,具有同樣意義的搭配還有scarcely...when, no sooner...than等。
    11. B)【句意】她有當(dāng)歌手的潛力,值得培養(yǎng)。
    【難點】capability意為“能力;才能;潛在能力”,常用于人所具有的從事某項工作或達(dá)到某一目的的能力。ability常用于人,指做事的能力,這種能力可以是天生的,也可以是后天習(xí)得的。talent意為“天才,天賦;才氣”,后與for連用;capacity亦為“能力,才能”,既可用于人,也可用于物,指接受、容納、吸收、理解或完成某事的能力。
    12. C)【句意】原子鐘在一百年內(nèi)可精確至三秒以內(nèi)。
    【難點】accurate 意為“準(zhǔn)確的,精確的”,指由于細(xì)心而精確地使某事符合事實和真理;exact意為“精確的;恰好的;嚴(yán)密的”,指不多不少,確切地與事實或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相符;clear意為“清晰的;清楚的;明白的”;explicit 意為“詳述的;明確的”。
    13. A)【句意】那種覺悟正被轉(zhuǎn)化成行動。
    【難點】action 意為“行為,行動”,不作具體強調(diào);act 意為“所做的事,行為”,指比較具體的行為;deed 意為“行為,功績”,強調(diào)與語言相對應(yīng);activity 意為“活動”,指具體化的行動。
    14. D)【句意】為強調(diào)龐大詞匯量的重要性,這個老師用了個類比。“用有限的詞匯去寫作就像用僅有的幾個顏色去油漆一個馬戲場”。
    【難點】analogy意為“類推,類比”;example 意為“例子,實例,例證”;comparison 意為“比較,對照”,指比較兩者的相同點;contrast 意為“對比,對照”,指比較兩者的不同點。
    15. C)【句意】每當(dāng)我父親從收音機里收聽古典音樂時,他就會擺動雙臂,好像在指揮樂隊。
    【難點】conduct 意為“指揮(樂隊)”;lead 意為“領(lǐng)導(dǎo);走在…的前面”;control 意為“控制”;practise意為“練習(xí),實習(xí)”。
    16. C)【句意】我錢包里的錢神秘失蹤,我相信錢包整天都在我的衣袋里。
    【難點】mysterious 意為“神秘的”;dramatic 意為“戲劇性的”;doubtful 意為“可懷疑的”;dangerous 意為“危險的”。
    17. C)【句意】當(dāng)離校年齡提高到16歲時,一個全新的形勢就可能出現(xiàn)。
    【難點】arise 意為“出現(xiàn),產(chǎn)生”;rise意為“上升”;raise 意為“舉起,提出;飼養(yǎng)”;arouse 意為“引起,喚起,激起”。前兩個詞是不及物動詞,后兩個詞為及物動詞。
    18. C)【句意】營員們將他們的帳蓬固定在一個避風(fēng)的山谷里。
    【難點】fix 意為“使固定;使牢固,安裝”;establish 意為“建立;設(shè)立;確立”;place意為“放置”;build 意為“建造;營造”。
    19. A)【句意】幾乎連綿不斷的一串車輛在以蝸牛般緩慢的速度穿過市中心。
    【難點】continuous 意為“連續(xù)不斷的,接連的”;constant 意為“不斷的;連續(xù)發(fā)生的”,強調(diào)事物的永恒性;long 意為“長久的,長時間的”;continual 意為“從不間斷的”。
    20. A)【句意】進(jìn)入另一個國家的時候,游客必須通過海關(guān)。
    【難點】pass through 意為“通過,穿過”;pass by 意為“從…旁邊走過”;pass over 意為“(故意)不注意,忽略”;pass away 意為“停止,消逝;去逝”。
    21. D)【句意】實驗使得年輕的科學(xué)家能夠判斷什么必須接受,什么必須用懷疑的眼光去看。
    【難點】doubt意為“疑惑”,with doubt 意為“帶著疑惑的眼光”;belief意為“相信,信任”;curiosity 意為“好奇心,求知欲”;suspicion意為“懷疑”,但和doubt不同。doubt是由于信息不足而不相信,或不能判別是非真?zhèn)?,拿不?zhǔn);suspicion 是感到可能存在某事,猜疑有某種情況,多指疑心別人有不好的事。
    22. C)【句意】該城市已決定除掉頭頂上架的電線。
    【難點】do away with 意為“廢除;去掉”;do with 意為“處理,利用”,與what連用;do off和do away 不存在。
    23. C)【句意】喬治聽到這個悲傷的消息失聲痛哭。
    【難點】break into 意為“突然發(fā)生…”;break through 意為“沖破,突圍;突破”;break up 意為“打碎”;break out 意為“爆發(fā)”。
    24. A)【句意】航班起飛時,簡和她的男朋友坐在飛機上,最后看一眼來為他們送行的他們的父母。
    【難點】on board 意為“在船上,在飛機上”;at most意為“至多,不超過”;on schedule意為“按時間表,準(zhǔn)時”;at random 意為“胡亂地;任意地,隨便地”。
    25. A)【句意】她被看作是一位很有發(fā)展前途的歌唱家。
    【難點】look on 意為“看作;看待”;look for 意為“尋找,尋求”;look over 意為“察看,參觀”;look up 意為“查檢”。