The popular views about the government's ability andeffectiveness to sustain prosperity have shifted over time. Thereseems to be an increasing tolerance for unemployment andmoderate inflation. There is a detectable shift from anexaggerated view about the potency of so-called Keynesiantools to a far-reaching agnosticism about their ability to produce, in an uncertain world, a sustainedfull employment growth without intolerable price and balance-of-payments instabilities. At present,the opprobrium falls on policies which are blamed for retardation in the rates of economic activity,disharmonious growth, and the combined evils of slump and inflation, but which are erroneouslyidentified as Keynesian economics.
參考答案
隨著時(shí)間的推移，人們對(duì)政府在維持繁榮方面的能力和效率所持的觀點(diǎn)已有所改變。對(duì)失業(yè)和適度的通貨膨脹的忍耐性似乎也在增強(qiáng)。目前，對(duì)所謂凱恩 斯理論的作用所作的過高估計(jì)已顯而易見地為一種影響深遠(yuǎn)的不可知論所代替，人們懷疑這種理論是否能夠在這個(gè)動(dòng)蕩不安的世界中使就業(yè)情況持續(xù)地、全面地好 轉(zhuǎn)，而不致引起物價(jià)的過度上升及支付平衡的波動(dòng)。目前，譴責(zé)的矛頭都指向政府各項(xiàng)政策。人們指責(zé)這些政策妨礙了經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，引起了增長(zhǎng)比例的失調(diào)，導(dǎo)致了 滯脹(停滯和通貨膨脹)交織癥。然而，人們卻將這些政策錯(cuò)誤地同凱恩斯主義經(jīng)濟(jì)理論等同起來。