大學(xué)英語四級(jí)語法精講:look,seem 與appear 的區(qū)別

字號(hào):


    三者均可用作連系動(dòng)詞,意為“好像”、“似乎”等,區(qū)別如下:
    1. 從詞義上看:look 指視覺印象;appear 指外表給人的印象;這兩者可能是真象也可能是假象,appear 的不確定性更大一些。seem 側(cè)重指根據(jù)某種跡象作出的推斷,也不一定是事實(shí)。
    2. 從句型搭配和用法上看:
    (1) 三者均可后接不定式,但 look 之后一般只限于 to be (且較少見)。如:
    正:He seems [appears,looks] to be tired. 他好像很累了。
    正:He seems [appears] to have travelled a lot. 他似乎去過不少地方。
    誤:He looks to have travelled a lot.
    (2) look, seem 之后可接介詞 like,但 appear 之后一般不能。如:
    He looks [seems] like a fool. 他看起來像個(gè)大傻瓜。
    (3) appear 和 seem 不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),但 look 有時(shí)可這樣用。如:
    正:He looks [is looking] well. 他看上去氣色不錯(cuò)。
    誤:He is seeming [appearing] well.
    (4) 三者均可用于 it 開頭的句子,且三者之后均可接以 as if 或 as though 引導(dǎo)的從句,另外 appear 和 seem 之后還可接 that 引導(dǎo)的從句。如:
    It looks [seems,appears] as if he has lost interest in his job. 看來他對(duì)自己的工作已失去了興趣。
    It seems [appears] that he is very tired. 他似乎很累了。
    注:后接 that 從句時(shí),有時(shí)可用 so,not 代之。如:
    A:Are they reliable? 他們可靠嗎?
    B:It seems [appears] so (not). 似乎是可靠的(不可靠)。
    另外,比較以下同義句型:
    It seems [appears] that he is ill.=He seems [appears] to be ill. 他似乎病了。