[英語語法手冊]情態(tài)動詞--need

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     need(需要)
    的用法與dare幾乎完全相同。即在否定句或疑問句中,和其他情態(tài)動詞一樣,本身無變化,后面用不帶to的動詞不定式;在肯定句中時,和實義動詞一樣,后面的動詞不定式要帶to,第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在一般時加-s,并有時態(tài)的變化。如:
    Need we return the magazines today?我們今天需要把雜志還回去嗎?
    Every member needs to pay only a little money a year to get medical care.每個成員每年只需繳一點錢就可以得到醫(yī)療。
    You need not write down your translation. You may do it orally. 你們不必寫下這個翻譯練習,口頭做就行了。
    []dare一樣,在否定句或疑問句里,need也可和實義動詞相同,用助動詞to do來幫助,后面的動詞不定式必須帶to。如:
    Do they need to take any tools with them? No., they don't need to.他們需要帶工具嗎? --不需要。
    He did not need to go there early that day. 那天他不必早去。
    need后面有名詞作賓語時
    完全用作實義動詞,表示"需要""缺乏"某件事物。這時,它的變化和一般實義動詞完全相同。如:
    I need a dictionary.我需要字典。
    You need a hair-cut. 你該理發(fā)了。
    Do you need a fountain-pen? 你需要一支自來水筆嗎?
    I don't need a new jacket. 我不需要一件新茄克衫。
    Mary looks tried,she needs a rest. 瑪麗看上去累了,需要休息。
    Needn't后加動詞不定式(不帶to)的完成式時
    指過去已做了但勿須做的動作。如:
    You needn't have watered the vegetables,as it is going to rain.你滿可以不必澆菜,天要下雨了。
    You needn't have brought your umbrella. We are going by taxi你滿可以不必帶傘,我們要坐出租汽車去。
    [注一]注意didn't have todidn't nee to則常表示過去未做也勿須做的動作。如:
    I didn't have to interpret it for her,for she knows Chinese.我勿須為她翻譯,她懂漢語。
    I didn't need to take a taxi; it is only five minutes walk to the station.到車站只須走五分鐘,我不需要坐出租汽車。
    [注二] used tohad better也可看作是情態(tài)動詞。情態(tài)動詞used to表示過去的習慣,但現(xiàn)在已無此習慣(would表過去習慣時則無此含義)。如:
    When I was youngI used to play football.我小時常踢足球。
    He didn't use to come. (或用usedn't to)他過去不常來。
    Did he used to come? (亦可說used he to...?)他過去常來嗎?had better表可取,意為"應(yīng)該""最好"。如:
    We had better go now. 我們最好走吧。
    You'd better stop now.你現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該停下來。(對長輩不可用had better)
    Hadn't we better go now? 我們現(xiàn)在走不好嗎?(had better一般不用于肯定疑問句)