《高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)語法專項(xiàng) 非謂語動詞3》由留學(xué)英語組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本內(nèi)容整理時間為05月12日，如有任何問題請聯(lián)系我們。
二.某些及物動詞后接to do / doing的問題:
1.有些及物動詞之后既可接to do, 也可接doing, 意義相同, 如: start, begin, continue等
2.有些及物動詞之后既可接to do, 也可接doing, 意義稍有區(qū)別, 如: love, like, hate, prefer, learn, attempt 等, 接to do側(cè)重表示一次的具體的動作, 接doing側(cè)重表示一般性的習(xí)慣性的動作
a. I love going to the theatre./ I love to go to the theatre today.
b. I hate getting up early./ I hate to get up early this morning.
3.有些及物動詞之后既可接to do, 也可接doing, 意義明顯不同, 如: stop, remember, forget, try, regret等, 接doing表示做過的或正在做的事, 接to do表示未做過的事
a. He stopped eating while he spoke to me.
b. He worked for three hours and then stopped to eat his lunch.
c. Remember to see him before he goes away.
d. I remember seeing him once in Shanghai.
e. I forgot to post the letter./ I shall never forget seeing the singer.
4.有些及物動詞之后只能接to do, 而不可接doing, 如: except, hope, promise, decide, desire, expect, hope, pretend, promise, refuse, mean(打算)等
5.有些及物動詞之后只能接doing, 而不能接to do, 如: dislike, enjoy, finish, mind, practise, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, excuse, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest等
在某些慣用語中也用doing, 而不用to do, 如: can’t help doing情不自禁, can’t stand doing sth不能忍受, give up doing, feel like doing, be worth doing, be busy doing等
三.與非謂語動詞有關(guān)的獨(dú)立主格:
現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作狀語時, 其邏輯主語應(yīng)是句子的主語. 如果不是, 分詞需要帶上自己的邏輯主語 (直接加在分詞之前), 從而構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
a. Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful.(seen的邏輯主語是句子的主語our school)
b. Seeing from the hill, we find the school looks more beautiful.(seeing的邏輯主語是句子主語we)
c. The meeting being over, we all left the room and drove home.(being over的邏輯主語是the meeting)
d. Weather permitting, they will go and visit the zoo.(permitting的邏輯主語是weather)
四.獨(dú)立的非謂語動詞短語:
英語中有一些獨(dú)立的非謂語動詞短語, 它們作狀語時, 其邏輯主語可以不是句子的主語. 這樣的短語包括:
1.獨(dú)立的現(xiàn)在分詞短語有: generally speaking一般地說, strictly speaking嚴(yán)格地說, honestly speaking誠實(shí)地說, frankly speaking坦率地說, talking of談起, speaking of談到, judging by / from由…判斷, considering考慮到, supposing…, according to…, including…等
a. Generally speaking, parents care more about their children’s health than about their own.
b. Judging from her accent, she must be from Shanghai.
c. He speaks Chinese quite well, considering that he has been in China for only a year.
d. Considering everything, the plan is worth trying.
e. Judging by the number of copies sold, the book is a great success.
2.獨(dú)立的過去分詞短語有: given…(被給予), compared…(比較), provided…(假如)等
a. You may keep the book one more week provided that no one else requires it.
b. Given a few more months, the whole situation will become much better.
c. Compared with last year, the average price was reduced 9 percent.
3.獨(dú)立的不定式短語有: to tell the truth, to be certain / sure, to start / begin with首先, to be honest說實(shí)話, to be frank with you坦白對你說, 這些短語都表示說話人的態(tài)度或觀點(diǎn)
在某些慣用語中也用doing, 而不用to do, 如: can’t help doing情不自禁, can’t stand doing sth不能忍受, give up doing, feel like doing, be worth doing, be busy doing等
《高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)語法專項(xiàng) 非謂語動詞3》由留學(xué)英語組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)
二.某些及物動詞后接to do / doing的問題:
1.有些及物動詞之后既可接to do, 也可接doing, 意義相同, 如: start, begin, continue等
2.有些及物動詞之后既可接to do, 也可接doing, 意義稍有區(qū)別, 如: love, like, hate, prefer, learn, attempt 等, 接to do側(cè)重表示一次的具體的動作, 接doing側(cè)重表示一般性的習(xí)慣性的動作
a. I love going to the theatre./ I love to go to the theatre today.
b. I hate getting up early./ I hate to get up early this morning.
3.有些及物動詞之后既可接to do, 也可接doing, 意義明顯不同, 如: stop, remember, forget, try, regret等, 接doing表示做過的或正在做的事, 接to do表示未做過的事
a. He stopped eating while he spoke to me.
b. He worked for three hours and then stopped to eat his lunch.
c. Remember to see him before he goes away.
d. I remember seeing him once in Shanghai.
e. I forgot to post the letter./ I shall never forget seeing the singer.
4.有些及物動詞之后只能接to do, 而不可接doing, 如: except, hope, promise, decide, desire, expect, hope, pretend, promise, refuse, mean(打算)等
5.有些及物動詞之后只能接doing, 而不能接to do, 如: dislike, enjoy, finish, mind, practise, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, excuse, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest等
在某些慣用語中也用doing, 而不用to do, 如: can’t help doing情不自禁, can’t stand doing sth不能忍受, give up doing, feel like doing, be worth doing, be busy doing等
三.與非謂語動詞有關(guān)的獨(dú)立主格:
現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作狀語時, 其邏輯主語應(yīng)是句子的主語. 如果不是, 分詞需要帶上自己的邏輯主語 (直接加在分詞之前), 從而構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
a. Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful.(seen的邏輯主語是句子的主語our school)
b. Seeing from the hill, we find the school looks more beautiful.(seeing的邏輯主語是句子主語we)
c. The meeting being over, we all left the room and drove home.(being over的邏輯主語是the meeting)
d. Weather permitting, they will go and visit the zoo.(permitting的邏輯主語是weather)
四.獨(dú)立的非謂語動詞短語:
英語中有一些獨(dú)立的非謂語動詞短語, 它們作狀語時, 其邏輯主語可以不是句子的主語. 這樣的短語包括:
1.獨(dú)立的現(xiàn)在分詞短語有: generally speaking一般地說, strictly speaking嚴(yán)格地說, honestly speaking誠實(shí)地說, frankly speaking坦率地說, talking of談起, speaking of談到, judging by / from由…判斷, considering考慮到, supposing…, according to…, including…等
a. Generally speaking, parents care more about their children’s health than about their own.
b. Judging from her accent, she must be from Shanghai.
c. He speaks Chinese quite well, considering that he has been in China for only a year.
d. Considering everything, the plan is worth trying.
e. Judging by the number of copies sold, the book is a great success.
2.獨(dú)立的過去分詞短語有: given…(被給予), compared…(比較), provided…(假如)等
a. You may keep the book one more week provided that no one else requires it.
b. Given a few more months, the whole situation will become much better.
c. Compared with last year, the average price was reduced 9 percent.
3.獨(dú)立的不定式短語有: to tell the truth, to be certain / sure, to start / begin with首先, to be honest說實(shí)話, to be frank with you坦白對你說, 這些短語都表示說話人的態(tài)度或觀點(diǎn)
在某些慣用語中也用doing, 而不用to do, 如: can’t help doing情不自禁, can’t stand doing sth不能忍受, give up doing, feel like doing, be worth doing, be busy doing等
《高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)語法專項(xiàng) 非謂語動詞3》由留學(xué)英語組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)