《2010中考英語重點語法詞法考點七 形容詞副詞》由留學(xué)英語組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本內(nèi)容整理時間為05月12日，如有任何問題請聯(lián)系我們。
I.形容詞
一、形容詞的一般用法
1.作定語，一般放在所修飾詞的前面。
It’s a cold and windy day.
2.作表語，放在系動詞的后面。(look,feel,smell,sound….)
He looks happy today.
3.形容詞修飾something，anything，nothing，everything等復(fù)合不定代詞時，須放在其后。
Would you like something hot to drink？
4.表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞，應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)的名詞之后。
How long is the river？ It’s about two hundred metres long.
5.只能作表語的形容詞：afraid；alone；asleep；awake；alive；well健康的；ill；frightened
The man is ill.（正）
The ill man is my uncle.（誤）
6.只能作定語的形容詞：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木質(zhì)的；woolen羊毛質(zhì)的；elder年長的
My elder brother is in Beijing.（正）
My brother is elder. （誤）
7.貌似副詞的形容詞：lonely；friendly；lively；lovely
二、形容詞常用句型
1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么樣”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth
注意：這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞，如good，kind，nice，polite ，clever ，foolish ，lazy ，careful，careless，right（正確的），wrong等。
It’s very kind of you to help me.（=You are very kind to help me.）
2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事對某人來說怎么樣”。=To do sth is adj for sb .
注意：這一句型中常用的形容詞有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，impossible等。
It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.（=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.）
3.表示感情或情緒的形容詞，如glad，pleased，sad，thankful等常接不定式。
I’m very sad to hear the bad news.
4.表示能力和意志的形容詞，如ready（樂意的，有準(zhǔn)備的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式。
Lei Feng is always ready to help others.
He is sure to get to school on time.
Ⅱ副詞
一、副詞的分類
副詞按詞匯意義可分為：
方式副詞：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly
程度副詞：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite
地點副詞：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home
時間副詞：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still
頻度副詞：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never
否定副詞：no，not，neither，nor
疑問副詞：where，how，why
其他：also，too，only
二、副詞的基本用法：
1).副詞是用來修飾形容詞、其他副詞,一般放在被修飾詞之前.
He plays the piano very well .
2). 副詞是用來修飾動詞,常放在動詞之后.
He got up quickly
3).enough 修飾adj /adv 時,放在其后.
He is old enough to go to school .
三、常見副詞用法辨析
1.already與yet的區(qū)別
already用于肯定句句中，表示“已經(jīng)”；yet用于否定句句末，表示“還”，用于疑問句句末，表示“已經(jīng)”
He had_____left when I called.
Have you found your ruler______？
2 very，much和very much.的區(qū)別
very用于修飾形容詞或副詞的原級；much用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級；修飾動詞要用very much.
John is ____ honest.
This garden is_____ bigger than that one.
Thank you _____.
3.so與such的區(qū)別
⑴so修飾形容詞或副詞；such 修飾名詞，My brotherruns so fast that I can’t follow him.
He is such a boy.
⑵so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)
such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)
such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞
He is ___ clever a boy.=He is ____ a clever boy.
It is____cold weather.
They are _____good students.
⑶名詞前有many ,much, few ,little (少量的) 用so 不用such .(多多少少仍用so)
但little 表示 “小的” 用such.
There are ___ little sheep on the hill .
4.also，too，as well與either 的區(qū)別
also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be動詞，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞之后，行為動詞之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。
例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is ____a teacher.
=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher ______.
=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，_____.
I can’t speak French…… Jenny can’t speak French，_____.
5.sometime，sometimes，some time與some times的區(qū)別
sometime：表示將來的或過去的某一個不確定的時間。
sometimes：有時，不時的= at times
some time：一段時間
some times：幾次，幾倍
We’ll have a test ______next month.
_____ we are busy and sometimes we are not.
He stayed in Beijing for _____ last year.
I have been to Beijing ______.
6.ago與before的區(qū)別
ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點的“以前”，常與一般過去時連用，不可以單獨使用。
before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成時連用，可以單獨使用。
I saw him ten minutes _______.
He told me that he had seen the film______.
7.now，just與just now的區(qū)別
now：與一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時連用，意為“現(xiàn)在”
just：與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，表示“剛……”
just now：和過去時連用，表示“剛才”
Where does he live______？
We have _______ seen the film.
He was here______.
8.lonely / alone 的區(qū)別
1).alone 獨自一人/沒有同伴, 既可作adj 也可作adv.
2).lonely 表示孤獨,寂寞, 也可修飾地點,表示荒涼,偏僻的，常與feel 連用。
3).alone 只作表語 (以a開頭的形容詞一般只作表語,不作定語)而lonely 既可作表語,也可作定語)
He lives _____ on a _____ island .
He is _____ ,but he doesn’t feel ______.
9.fast /quickly /soon 的區(qū)別.
fast 表示速度之快 quickly表示動作之快 soon表示時間之快
I’m leaving home this afternoon . Really ? Why so ______?
A.fast B.soon C.quickly D.early
Ⅲ、形容詞，副詞的比較級、最高級
一、規(guī)則變化
1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est， tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest
2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st， nice-nicer-nicest
3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est， heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est， big-bigger-biggest
注: 大,紅,濕,熱,悲,瘦,胖.雙寫末輔再變級.（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat ）
5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級和most構(gòu)成最高級， beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
注:表示否定意義在其前加less /least
important----less important----least important
English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English .
6.由 “形容詞+ly”構(gòu)成的副詞,在其前加more/ most
slowly---more slowly----most slowly；但early—earlier---earliest
二、不規(guī)則變化
原級
比較級
最高級
good/well
better
best
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
old
old/elder
old/eldest
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
far
farther(距離)/further（程度）
farthest/furthest
下列單、雙音節(jié)詞只能加more和most
原級
比較級
最高級
like(想似的)
morelike
mostlike
real(真的)
morereal
mostreal
tired
moretired
mosttired
pleased
morepleased
mostpleased
often
moreoften
mostoften
注: 形容詞,副詞同形有: back , high , well ,fast, early, late ,straight
Ⅳ形容詞，副詞等級的用法
一、原級的用法
1.只能修飾原級的詞，very，quite，so，too
He is too tired to walk on.
My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.
2.原級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
（1）A= B-----A+ as +adj / adv的原級+ as +B
表示 “A和B一樣”
Tom is as old as Kate.
Tom runs as fast as Mike.
（2）A＜B---A +not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+B 表示 “A不如B…”
This room is not as/so big as that one.
He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.
二、比較級的用法
1.可以修飾比較級的詞.
much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一點兒even甚至，still仍然
Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. Tom looks even younger than before.
2.比較級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
“甲+形容詞/副詞的比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”
Tom is taller than Kate.
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.
三.最高級的用法
1).結(jié)構(gòu): the +最高級+ of +人或物( in +地點)
He is the tallest of all the boys
He works hardest in his class .
注:副詞的最高級前the 可省掉
2).the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞的最高級+單數(shù)名詞
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .
3).one of +the +形容詞的最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞
He is one of the cleverest students in our class.
4). “特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。
Which season do you like （the） best，spring，summer or autumn？
四.級別的轉(zhuǎn)換
1).原級與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換
a). 倍數(shù)+ as …as → (倍數(shù)-1)+比較級+than
This room is five times as big as that one =This room is___ ___bigger than that one .
b).not as…as 與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換
A +not as …as + B → A+比較級(反義詞的比較級) +than +B →B+比較級+than+A
Mary is not as old as Tom .= Mary is _____ _____ Tom.
= Tom is ____ _____ Mary .
This book is not as expensive as that one = This book is _____ _____ than that one = That book is _____ ______than this one .
2).比較級與最高級的轉(zhuǎn)換
a). the +最高級+ of / in ……
b). 比較級+than+any other +單數(shù)名詞
+the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞
+anyone else
+any of the other+復(fù)名
c). Nobody else + 比較級 + than ……
Tom is the tallest boy in our class .
Tom is taller than ____ ____ boy in our class.
Tom is taller than _____ ____ in our class.
_____ _____ is taller than Tom in our class.
五.級別的慣用法
1. “比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。
He is getting taller and taller.
2. “the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……，越……”。
The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
3.“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級+of the two+……”表示“甲是兩者中較……的”。
(of the twins/parents…)
Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.
4.當(dāng)adj 的最高級前有物主代詞,名詞所有格,指示代詞時,不用the .
This is my best book of all.
5.相比較的前后兩部分必須是同類比較.
My pencil is longer than ______(you).
6.比較時不能與自身相比
注: 當(dāng)相比較的兩者屬于同一范圍/類別時,為了與自身相比較, 要用any other +單數(shù)名詞. 若兩者不屬于同一范圍/類別時,不必用other ,直接用any + 單數(shù)名詞.
He is taller than _____ boy in his class.
He is taller than _____boy in our class .
A.any B.any other
7.有些含有比較級的句子里，常用that(單數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞)、those (復(fù)數(shù)名詞)代替前面提到的詞，以避免重復(fù)。
The weather in Beijing is colder than ____ in Guangzhou in winter .
The boys in our class are more than _____ in your class .
《2010中考英語重點語法詞法考點七 形容詞副詞》由留學(xué)英語組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)
I.形容詞
一、形容詞的一般用法
1.作定語，一般放在所修飾詞的前面。
It’s a cold and windy day.
2.作表語，放在系動詞的后面。(look,feel,smell,sound….)
He looks happy today.
3.形容詞修飾something，anything，nothing，everything等復(fù)合不定代詞時，須放在其后。
Would you like something hot to drink？
4.表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞，應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)的名詞之后。
How long is the river？ It’s about two hundred metres long.
5.只能作表語的形容詞：afraid；alone；asleep；awake；alive；well健康的；ill；frightened
The man is ill.（正）
The ill man is my uncle.（誤）
6.只能作定語的形容詞：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木質(zhì)的；woolen羊毛質(zhì)的；elder年長的
My elder brother is in Beijing.（正）
My brother is elder. （誤）
7.貌似副詞的形容詞：lonely；friendly；lively；lovely
二、形容詞常用句型
1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么樣”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth
注意：這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞，如good，kind，nice，polite ，clever ，foolish ，lazy ，careful，careless，right（正確的），wrong等。
It’s very kind of you to help me.（=You are very kind to help me.）
2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事對某人來說怎么樣”。=To do sth is adj for sb .
注意：這一句型中常用的形容詞有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，impossible等。
It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.（=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.）
3.表示感情或情緒的形容詞，如glad，pleased，sad，thankful等常接不定式。
I’m very sad to hear the bad news.
4.表示能力和意志的形容詞，如ready（樂意的，有準(zhǔn)備的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式。
Lei Feng is always ready to help others.
He is sure to get to school on time.
Ⅱ副詞
一、副詞的分類
副詞按詞匯意義可分為：
方式副詞：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly
程度副詞：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite
地點副詞：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home
時間副詞：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still
頻度副詞：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never
否定副詞：no，not，neither，nor
疑問副詞：where，how，why
其他：also，too，only
二、副詞的基本用法：
1).副詞是用來修飾形容詞、其他副詞,一般放在被修飾詞之前.
He plays the piano very well .
2). 副詞是用來修飾動詞,常放在動詞之后.
He got up quickly
3).enough 修飾adj /adv 時,放在其后.
He is old enough to go to school .
三、常見副詞用法辨析
1.already與yet的區(qū)別
already用于肯定句句中，表示“已經(jīng)”；yet用于否定句句末，表示“還”，用于疑問句句末，表示“已經(jīng)”
He had_____left when I called.
Have you found your ruler______？
2 very，much和very much.的區(qū)別
very用于修飾形容詞或副詞的原級；much用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級；修飾動詞要用very much.
John is ____ honest.
This garden is_____ bigger than that one.
Thank you _____.
3.so與such的區(qū)別
⑴so修飾形容詞或副詞；such 修飾名詞，My brotherruns so fast that I can’t follow him.
He is such a boy.
⑵so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)
such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)
such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞
He is ___ clever a boy.=He is ____ a clever boy.
It is____cold weather.
They are _____good students.
⑶名詞前有many ,much, few ,little (少量的) 用so 不用such .(多多少少仍用so)
但little 表示 “小的” 用such.
There are ___ little sheep on the hill .
4.also，too，as well與either 的區(qū)別
also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be動詞，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞之后，行為動詞之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。
例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is ____a teacher.
=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher ______.
=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，_____.
I can’t speak French…… Jenny can’t speak French，_____.
5.sometime，sometimes，some time與some times的區(qū)別
sometime：表示將來的或過去的某一個不確定的時間。
sometimes：有時，不時的= at times
some time：一段時間
some times：幾次，幾倍
We’ll have a test ______next month.
_____ we are busy and sometimes we are not.
He stayed in Beijing for _____ last year.
I have been to Beijing ______.
6.ago與before的區(qū)別
ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點的“以前”，常與一般過去時連用，不可以單獨使用。
before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成時連用，可以單獨使用。
I saw him ten minutes _______.
He told me that he had seen the film______.
7.now，just與just now的區(qū)別
now：與一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時連用，意為“現(xiàn)在”
just：與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，表示“剛……”
just now：和過去時連用，表示“剛才”
Where does he live______？
We have _______ seen the film.
He was here______.
8.lonely / alone 的區(qū)別
1).alone 獨自一人/沒有同伴, 既可作adj 也可作adv.
2).lonely 表示孤獨,寂寞, 也可修飾地點,表示荒涼,偏僻的，常與feel 連用。
3).alone 只作表語 (以a開頭的形容詞一般只作表語,不作定語)而lonely 既可作表語,也可作定語)
He lives _____ on a _____ island .
He is _____ ,but he doesn’t feel ______.
9.fast /quickly /soon 的區(qū)別.
fast 表示速度之快 quickly表示動作之快 soon表示時間之快
I’m leaving home this afternoon . Really ? Why so ______?
A.fast B.soon C.quickly D.early
Ⅲ、形容詞，副詞的比較級、最高級
一、規(guī)則變化
1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est， tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest
2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st， nice-nicer-nicest
3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est， heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est， big-bigger-biggest
注: 大,紅,濕,熱,悲,瘦,胖.雙寫末輔再變級.（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat ）
5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級和most構(gòu)成最高級， beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
注:表示否定意義在其前加less /least
important----less important----least important
English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English .
6.由 “形容詞+ly”構(gòu)成的副詞,在其前加more/ most
slowly---more slowly----most slowly；但early—earlier---earliest
二、不規(guī)則變化
原級
比較級
最高級
good/well
better
best
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
old
old/elder
old/eldest
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
far
farther(距離)/further（程度）
farthest/furthest
下列單、雙音節(jié)詞只能加more和most
原級
比較級
最高級
like(想似的)
morelike
mostlike
real(真的)
morereal
mostreal
tired
moretired
mosttired
pleased
morepleased
mostpleased
often
moreoften
mostoften
注: 形容詞,副詞同形有: back , high , well ,fast, early, late ,straight
Ⅳ形容詞，副詞等級的用法
一、原級的用法
1.只能修飾原級的詞，very，quite，so，too
He is too tired to walk on.
My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.
2.原級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
（1）A= B-----A+ as +adj / adv的原級+ as +B
表示 “A和B一樣”
Tom is as old as Kate.
Tom runs as fast as Mike.
（2）A＜B---A +not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+B 表示 “A不如B…”
This room is not as/so big as that one.
He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.
二、比較級的用法
1.可以修飾比較級的詞.
much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一點兒even甚至，still仍然
Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. Tom looks even younger than before.
2.比較級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
“甲+形容詞/副詞的比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”
Tom is taller than Kate.
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.
三.最高級的用法
1).結(jié)構(gòu): the +最高級+ of +人或物( in +地點)
He is the tallest of all the boys
He works hardest in his class .
注:副詞的最高級前the 可省掉
2).the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞的最高級+單數(shù)名詞
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .
3).one of +the +形容詞的最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞
He is one of the cleverest students in our class.
4). “特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。
Which season do you like （the） best，spring，summer or autumn？
四.級別的轉(zhuǎn)換
1).原級與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換
a). 倍數(shù)+ as …as → (倍數(shù)-1)+比較級+than
This room is five times as big as that one =This room is___ ___bigger than that one .
b).not as…as 與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換
A +not as …as + B → A+比較級(反義詞的比較級) +than +B →B+比較級+than+A
Mary is not as old as Tom .= Mary is _____ _____ Tom.
= Tom is ____ _____ Mary .
This book is not as expensive as that one = This book is _____ _____ than that one = That book is _____ ______than this one .
2).比較級與最高級的轉(zhuǎn)換
a). the +最高級+ of / in ……
b). 比較級+than+any other +單數(shù)名詞
+the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞
+anyone else
+any of the other+復(fù)名
c). Nobody else + 比較級 + than ……
Tom is the tallest boy in our class .
Tom is taller than ____ ____ boy in our class.
Tom is taller than _____ ____ in our class.
_____ _____ is taller than Tom in our class.
五.級別的慣用法
1. “比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。
He is getting taller and taller.
2. “the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……，越……”。
The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
3.“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級+of the two+……”表示“甲是兩者中較……的”。
(of the twins/parents…)
Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.
4.當(dāng)adj 的最高級前有物主代詞,名詞所有格,指示代詞時,不用the .
This is my best book of all.
5.相比較的前后兩部分必須是同類比較.
My pencil is longer than ______(you).
6.比較時不能與自身相比
注: 當(dāng)相比較的兩者屬于同一范圍/類別時,為了與自身相比較, 要用any other +單數(shù)名詞. 若兩者不屬于同一范圍/類別時,不必用other ,直接用any + 單數(shù)名詞.
He is taller than _____ boy in his class.
He is taller than _____boy in our class .
A.any B.any other
7.有些含有比較級的句子里，常用that(單數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞)、those (復(fù)數(shù)名詞)代替前面提到的詞，以避免重復(fù)。
The weather in Beijing is colder than ____ in Guangzhou in winter .
The boys in our class are more than _____ in your class .
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