高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-高三英語(yǔ)詞匯歸類總復(fù)習(xí)之二

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《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-高三英語(yǔ)詞匯歸類總復(fù)習(xí)之二》由出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)liuxue86.com編輯整理。本內(nèi)容整理時(shí)間為05月12日,如有任何問(wèn)題請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們。
    高三英語(yǔ)詞匯歸類總復(fù)習(xí)之二
    ,drunk多作表語(yǔ),drunke n多作定語(yǔ)) sink,sank,sunk/sunken(下沉;過(guò)去分詞sunken作形容詞用時(shí),作定語(yǔ)) bear,bore,born(出生) bear,bore,borne(結(jié)果;生育) lie(撒謊),lied,lied,lying lie(躺,臥,位于),lay,lain,lying (89高考)Do you know the boy___________under the big tree? A.lay B.lain C.laying D.lying ──── The woman,who was born in 1940,has borne five children. ── ───
    二、從搭配上復(fù)習(xí)歸納詞匯,過(guò)習(xí)語(yǔ)關(guān)
    英語(yǔ)詞匯的搭配十分活躍,復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)我們要把重點(diǎn)放在某些常用的動(dòng)詞、名詞 或介詞、副詞。
    我們可按下列 方式進(jìn)行對(duì)比歸納。
    1.常用的搭配活躍的名詞
    常用的搭配較活躍的名詞有:time,way,moment,means等。如time的搭配 短語(yǔ)在中學(xué)教材中出現(xiàn)有:
    in no time(立刻,馬上),on time(按時(shí)),in time(及時(shí)、遲早),at a time(一次),behind the times(落伍),behind time(不及時(shí),晚點(diǎn)),at one time(曾經(jīng)),for a time(一度),at othe r times(其它時(shí)候,平素),at times (有時(shí)候),at all times(一直,經(jīng)常) (93高考)If you keep on,you will succeed_____________.
    A.in time B.at on time ───── C.on time D.at the same time (94高考)Don''t all speak at once!___________,please. A.Each at on time B.One by one time C.One for each time D.One at a time ────────
    2.常用的搭配活躍的動(dòng)詞
    常用的搭配活躍的動(dòng)詞有:
    look,take,make,give,get,have,go,do,turn,put,set,come等。復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)我們要 盡量將具有相反意義的介詞、副詞與同一動(dòng)詞的搭配羅列在一起對(duì)比記憶,如 turn一詞:
    turn on(打開(kāi)),turn off(關(guān)上),turn up(放大音量等;出現(xiàn)),turn down (放小音量等;拒絕) ,turn in(上交),turn ag-ainst(反對(duì)),turn out (生產(chǎn)),turn away(避開(kāi)) (81高考)Would you mind__________your radio a little? A.turn off B.turning off C.to turn down D.turning down ───────
    (92高考)Readers can_________quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.
    A.get over B.get out of ───── C.get away D.get off
    3.常用的搭配活躍的介詞、副詞
    搭配活躍的介詞、副詞有:in,out,up,down,on,off,to,from,for,over,with 等。復(fù)習(xí)時(shí),我們要從不同動(dòng) 詞、名詞等與同一介詞、副詞搭配進(jìn)行逐一過(guò)關(guān), 如on的搭配有:
    ①on與動(dòng)詞的搭配 get on(上車/船等),live on(以…為生),feed on(以…為生),take on (接受;雇用),turn on(打開(kāi)開(kāi)關(guān)/電器等),look on(旁觀),spy on(偵 察/窺探),call on(號(hào)召;拜訪),go on(繼續(xù) ),have on(穿戴),depend on(依靠),wait on(侍候),carry on(執(zhí)行),hold on(堅(jiān)持),insi st on (堅(jiān)持),play tr-icks on(戲弄),fix on(注視),impress on(留下印象) ②on與名詞搭配(注意冠詞的取舍)
    on duty(值班),on business(因公;因事),on fire(燃燒),on show (展覽),on time(準(zhǔn)時(shí)) ,on strike(罷工),on watch(監(jiān)視,觀察),on sale(出售;大減價(jià)),on earth(到底,究竟),on journey(旅游),on foot(步行),on purpose(故意),on the way(在 路上),on the contrary(相 反),on one hand(一方面),on the right(在 右邊),on the whole(總而言之),on one''s own(獨(dú)自 ),on one''s side(支 持,站在某一方),on holiday/leave(度假/請(qǐng)假)
    ③其它情況:
    later on(后來(lái)),from now/then on(從現(xiàn)在/那時(shí)起),on account of (由于,因?yàn)椋?(93高考)We offered him our congratulations_______his pa-ssing the college entrance exams. A.at B.on C.for D.of ── (91高考)A new school was___________in the village last year. A.held up B.set up ──── C.sent up D.brought up
    三、從對(duì)比詞/詞組的同義、詞序或結(jié)構(gòu)等復(fù)習(xí)歸納詞匯,過(guò)辨析關(guān)
    1.動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞和結(jié)果動(dòng)詞
    英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞雖然意義相同,但用法不同,有的表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作,而另一個(gè) 則表示該動(dòng)作所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果, 這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有:
    look for(尋找),find(找到);look(看),see(看見(jiàn));listen(聽(tīng)), hear(聽(tīng)到);try(試 圖,不說(shuō)明是否成功),manage(設(shè)法,側(cè)重做到);advise (勸告,不說(shuō)明是否勸成),persuade(勸服, 側(cè)重勸成功) (87高考)How can you___________if you are not__________? A.listen,hearing
    B.hear,listening ──────── C.be listening,heard
    D.be hearing,listened to
    2.詞序不同、意思就不同
    有少量詞組顛倒詞序后意思和用法就不同了,常見(jiàn)的有: before long(不久以后),long before(很久以前) turn in(上交;就寢),in turn(按次序,輪流) hand in(上交),in hand(在手邊) from far(來(lái)自遠(yuǎn)方),far from(離得遠(yuǎn);遠(yuǎn)非) much too(非常,修飾形容詞或副詞),too much(太多,修飾名詞,也可 作名詞)
    if only(要是…),only if(只有…) all in(精疲力盡),in all(總共) good for(對(duì)…有好處),for good(永遠(yuǎn)) (95上海)It was__________late to catch a bus after the party,therefore we called a taxi.
    A.too very
    B.much too ─────
    C.too much
    D.far Before long,he moved to London and made London the base for ────── his revolutionar y work.
    It was not long before the whole country rose up and drove ────── the Aus trians out of their homeland.
    3.動(dòng)詞后有無(wú)介詞,意思不同
    因有無(wú)介詞而詞義不同的動(dòng)詞在中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教材中較多,常見(jiàn)的如: search(對(duì)人、物或場(chǎng)所搜查),search for(搜尋人、物或場(chǎng)所) leave(離開(kāi)某地),leave for(去某地) reach(到達(dá);拿到),reach for(伸手去拿) prepare(準(zhǔn)備),prepare for(為…作準(zhǔn)備) enter(進(jìn)入),enter for(報(bào)名參加) run(經(jīng)營(yíng);跑),run for(競(jìng)選) stand(站;忍受),stand for(代表) answer(回答),answer for(負(fù)責(zé)) know(了解,知道),know about(知道關(guān)于…) pay(付錢、債給某人),pay for(付錢買某物)
    The baby reached for the apple but he couldn''t reach it.那嬰兒伸手 去拿蘋果,但夠不到。
    The mayor w
    《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-高三英語(yǔ)詞匯歸類總復(fù)習(xí)之二》由出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)liuxue86.com編輯整理