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高三英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)綜合訓(xùn)練3
高考綜合復(fù)習(xí)：Book 1 Unit 4---6
重點(diǎn)詞匯與短語：
1.take place 發(fā)生
2.so---that 如此---以致于
3.sweep sb. down 沖倒
4.pull up 拽起，停車
5.hold on to 抓住，握住
6.get on one’s feet 站起來
7.go on a holiday 度假
8.far away from 遠(yuǎn)離
9.on fire 著火
10.such as 例如
11.travel agent 旅行社
12.be caught in 遭遇到
13.think twice 三思
14.think highly of 對(duì)---評(píng)價(jià)很高
15.stare at 盯著
16.leave out遺漏
17.take off 脫下，起飛
18.go wrong 出問題
19.in all 總之
20.on the air 廣播
21.make jokes about開---的玩笑
22.play a role扮演角色
23.make money 掙錢
24.owe success to sb.把成功歸功于某人
25.start with 以---開始
26.a thank-you letter 一封感謝信
27.introduce---to--- 將---介紹給---
28.make a good impression 留下好印象
29.the custom of toasting 敬酒的習(xí)俗
30.apologize to sb. for sth.因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼?BR> 交際用語:
1.Well done! 做得好！
2.You can do it! 你能行！
3.Come on! 快點(diǎn)！
4.It scares me. 這讓我害怕。
5.Keep trying! 再試試！
6.How do you like/find---? 你認(rèn)為---怎么樣？
7.What do you think of---? 你認(rèn)為---怎么樣？
8.Excuse me. 對(duì)不起。
9.Forgive me. 請(qǐng)?jiān)彙?BR> 10.I’m (very/so/terribly) sorry. 十分抱歉。
11.I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to---. 對(duì)不起，我不是有意---。
12.That’s all right./ That’s OK./ No problem. 沒關(guān)系。
知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納:
1.advance
(1) v. 前進(jìn),推進(jìn),促進(jìn),提升
Napoleon’s army advanced towards Moscow. 那破侖的軍隊(duì)向莫斯科挺進(jìn)了。
Two months has passed and the project has advanced.
兩個(gè)月過去了，這項(xiàng)工程已有進(jìn)展。
(2) n. 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展
The commander ordered to halt the enemy’s advance. 司令下令阻止敵軍前進(jìn)。
He’s always paying attention to the advances in medical science.
他時(shí)刻注意著醫(yī)學(xué)上的進(jìn)步。
（3）in advance 預(yù)先，在---之前
I was given a month’s salary in advance. 我提前發(fā)了一個(gè)月的工資。
（4）advancedadj. 高級(jí)的，先進(jìn)的
Einstein learned advanced mathematics all by himself at 13.
愛因斯坦13歲就能自學(xué)高等數(shù)學(xué)了。
Few scientists could understand his advanced theory at that time.
那時(shí)沒幾個(gè)科學(xué)家能理解他高深的理論。
2.seize vt.
(1) 抓住，捉住
The thief was seized by the police. 那個(gè)小偷被警察抓住了。
He seized me by the arm. 他抓住了我的胳膊。
(2) 抓?。〞r(shí)機(jī)）
If you get the opportunity to work abroad, you should seize it with both hands.
如果你有出國工作的機(jī)會(huì)，切勿放過。
Seize the day, seize the hour!
只爭(zhēng)朝夕！
（3）（思想、感情等）支配人的頭腦
The man was seized with panic. 這個(gè)人驚慌失措。
Uncontrollable laughter seized us. 我們不由自主地大笑起來了。
3.strike vt. vi. (struck, struck/stricken)
(1) 打，擊，砍，敲
strike a blow 擊出一拳
strike a match 劃火柴
I wouldn’t dream of striking a woman. 我做夢(mèng)也不會(huì)打女人。
He was so angry that he struck the table with his fist. 他氣得用拳頭砸桌子。
(2) 打中，擊中；撞，觸礁
A snow ball struck/hit him on the back of the head. 一個(gè)雪球打中了他的后腦勺。
Then my shovel struck against something metallic.
然后我的鏟子碰到了一件像金屬的東西。
（3）（某種想法）忽然出現(xiàn)；使（某人）突然意識(shí)到
It strikes sb. that--- 忽然意識(shí)到
be struck by--- 深受感動(dòng)
The funny side of the affair suddenly struck her. 她突然意識(shí)到了事情可笑的一面。
We were struck by the generosity of even the poorest citizens.
使我們深受感動(dòng)的是，甚至最貧窮的市民也慷慨大方。
（4） 給某人某種印象
---How did it strike you? 你覺得它如何？
---It struck me as strange at the time. 我當(dāng)時(shí)覺得它很古怪。
（5）（鐘）敲響
The church clock began to strike twelve. 教堂的鐘開始敲12點(diǎn)。
(6) 突然襲擊
When the snake strikes, its mouth opens wide.
蛇發(fā)起進(jìn)攻時(shí)，嘴張得很大。
I fear an earthquake will strike this area again. 我擔(dān)心地震會(huì)再次發(fā)生在這一地區(qū)。
(7) 罷工 （也可用做名詞）
I’m sure the bus drivers will strike/ go on strike. 我確信公共汽車司機(jī)會(huì)罷工。
(8) strike, beat, hit, tap, knock
strike 常表示用力打或敲
hit有“撞擊，襲擊”之意，比strike稍弱一些，指一次性的打擊或擊中
beat 指連續(xù)多次的打，也指有節(jié)奏的擊打，還可表示打敗
tap指輕拍
knock 指敲打并伴有響聲，還可表示打倒、撞翻
考題鏈接：
(1) It _____ her how quiet and gentle he was.
A. beat B. hit C. struck D. knock
(2) He sat quietly in the room, listening to the rain ____ against the window.
A. beating B. hitting C. striking D. knocking
答案 C A
分析 第一題表示“使某人忽然意識(shí)到”，用strike; 第二題表示連續(xù)敲打，用beat.
4.感官動(dòng)詞 see, hear, find, notice, watch + 賓語 +賓補(bǔ)
(1) 感官動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 +doing, 表示賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。
We can see parrots flying along the river. 我們可以看到鸚鵡在沿著河邊飛翔。
I can feel my heart beating fast. 我可以感覺到我的心跳得很快。
(2) 感官動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 +do, 表示賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。
I saw him cross the street. 我看見他過了馬路。
I didn’t notice you enter. 我沒注意你進(jìn)來了。
(3) 感官動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 +done, 表示賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
I found his hands tied to a tree. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)他的雙手被綁在樹上。
He saw the girl bitten by the dog. 他看到那個(gè)女孩被狗咬了。
5.fight
(1) vt. 和---作戰(zhàn)
We are fighting pollution now. 我們正在和污染作斗爭(zhēng)。
(2) vi.
fight against 為反對(duì)---而斗爭(zhēng)
The slaves fought against the slavery. 奴隸們?yōu)橥品`制度而戰(zhàn)。
fight for 為（爭(zhēng)?。?--而斗爭(zhēng)
He called on the slaves to fight for freedom. 他號(hào)召奴隸們?yōu)樽杂啥鴳?zhàn)。
fight with 同---一起戰(zhàn)斗，與---戰(zhàn)斗
France fought with Germany in that war. 在那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中法國對(duì)德國作戰(zhàn)。
fight over 因?yàn)?--而爭(zhēng)吵
The twin sisters always fight over toys. 這對(duì)雙胞胎姐妹經(jīng)常因?yàn)橥婢叨鵂?zhēng)吵。
(3) n. 戰(zhàn)斗，搏斗
This film is about people’s fight for right. 這部電影反映了人民爭(zhēng)取自己權(quán)利的斗爭(zhēng)。
Our country has started a fight against corruption. 我國已經(jīng)開始了一場(chǎng)反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)。
(4) fight, war, battle, struggle
fight 意為“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”，指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的動(dòng)作。
They fought back in self-defence. 他們進(jìn)行了自衛(wèi)還擊。
war 指全面戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，包含多次。
We experienced two world wars in the last century.
上個(gè)世紀(jì)我們經(jīng)歷了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)。
battle 戰(zhàn)役，指大的、連續(xù)數(shù)小時(shí)數(shù)天的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
the battle of Waterloo 滑鐵盧戰(zhàn)役
struggle 指較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的激烈的爭(zhēng)斗，常指肉體、精神上的戰(zhàn)斗。
They had to struggle for their freedom. 他們不得不為自由而戰(zhàn)。
The army struggled against Japanese Imperialist. 這部隊(duì)與日本帝國主義作斗爭(zhēng)。
6.take place, happen, break out
take place 多表示按計(jì)劃或規(guī)定要發(fā)生的事情。
happen 常用詞，有偶然發(fā)生之意。
break out 常指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)和疾病的爆發(fā)。
三個(gè)詞組都為不及物動(dòng)詞，沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
A fire broke out in his house last night. 昨晚他家里失火了。
He was in French when the Second World War broke out. 二戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)時(shí)他在法國。
When did the traffic accident happen?交通事故是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的？
Something strange has happened to the chemistry teacher. 化學(xué)老師出了點(diǎn)奇怪的事情。
When will the sports meet take place? 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)什么時(shí)候舉行？
Great changes have taken place in his hometown since 1980.
從1980年以來他的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨變。
7.destroy vt.破壞，毀滅，毀掉
The school was completely destroyed by fire. 學(xué)校被大火徹底燒毀了。
That accident destroyed her ballet career. 那次事故毀掉了她的芭蕾生涯。
destroy表示徹底毀掉，也可用于抽象意義，可指人或物。
damage 通常指車輛、房屋、莊稼等無生命物體受到損傷或毀壞，但往往可以修復(fù)。可用作名詞。
ruin 表示毀壞某種好的或有用的東西。
The chemical rain damages trees in the forests. 酸雨損害了森林中的樹木。
The precious painting was ruined by spilt milk. 灑出來的牛奶毀壞了那幅珍貴的畫。
The storm caused great damage to the crops. 這場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴給莊稼造成了很大的損害。
8.award
(1) 可數(shù)名詞，主要指“獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)賞，獎(jiǎng)金”，有時(shí)也指“報(bào)酬，工資”。
Meryl Streep won the best actress award. 梅麗爾斯特里普獲最佳女演員獎(jiǎng)。
The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award. 奧運(yùn)會(huì)冠軍的獎(jiǎng)品是一枚金牌。
The nurses’ pay award was not as much as they had expected.
護(hù)士的工資遠(yuǎn)沒有她們預(yù)想的那么多。
(2) vt. 給予，授予，判給
Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in quantum physics.
愛因斯坦因在量子物理學(xué)方面的成就而被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。
The university awarded her a scholarship. 那所大學(xué)給她發(fā)了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。
(3) priz 主要用于表示“獲得幾等獎(jiǎng)”或“獲獎(jiǎng)金額”，常說
win a prize for---
award sb. a prize
reward 可用做名詞或動(dòng)詞，指“報(bào)答，報(bào)償，獎(jiǎng)賞”。
考題鏈接：
It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ____.
A. rewards B. prizes C. awards D. results
答案 A
分析 該句意思為“人們普遍認(rèn)為小孩子學(xué)會(huì)做事是因?yàn)檫@些行為會(huì)帶來獎(jiǎng)賞/回報(bào)”。
9.owe vt.
(1)欠（債）
If he has borrowed some money from her, and has not paid her back, he owes her the money.
如果他借了她的錢沒歸還，他就欠她錢。
How much do I owe you? 我欠你多少錢？
We owe our parents a lot. 我們對(duì)父母感激不盡。
(2) owe sth. to sb. 感激，把---歸功于---
He owes his success to our help. 他把成功歸功于我們的幫助。
We owe a great deal to our parents and teachers. 我們深受父母及師長(zhǎng)之恩。
I owe it to you that I am still alive. 我現(xiàn)在還活著，應(yīng)該感激你。
(3) owing to由于，因?yàn)?BR> Owing to the rain they could not come. 因?yàn)橄掠?，他們不能來?BR> Owing to the drought, crops are short. 因?yàn)樘旌?，收成不好?BR> 10.live adj. 活的，生動(dòng)的，精力充沛的，實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的
It wasn’t a recorded show; it was live. 這不是錄像，是實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。
They gave live broadcast while the performances were in process on the stage.
當(dāng)演出在舞臺(tái)上進(jìn)行時(shí)他們進(jìn)行了實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。
The concert will be broadcast live. 這次演唱會(huì)將進(jìn)行實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。
That is a live fish. 那是一條活魚。
The laboratory is conducting experiments with a dozen live monkeys.
該實(shí)驗(yàn)室在用十多只活猴子進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。
She is a live woman. 她是一位精力充沛的女人。
live 當(dāng)“活的”講時(shí)，只修飾動(dòng)物，如a live mouse, a live snake
11.take off
(1) 脫掉，摘掉（反義詞為put on）
I forgot to take off my make-up last night. 我昨天晚上忘了卸妝。
He took off his coat and went to sleep. 他脫下外衣睡覺了。
(2) (飛機(jī))起飛，起跑
As the plane was taking off, I remembered I didn’t turn the iron off.
飛機(jī)起飛時(shí)，我才想起我沒有切斷熨斗的電源。
When we went to the airport, the plane had taken off. 我們到機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了。
(3) 休假，一般說take some time off
I’m taking Thursday off to do some Christmas shopping.
我周四要休假去買一些圣誕禮物。
(4) 開始成功，成名
I hear the business is really taking off. 我聽說生意真的開始興隆了。
Spielberg’s career really took off when he began to shoot his short films.
斯皮爾伯格開始從事短片拍攝時(shí)，他的事業(yè)真正騰飛了。
(5) take in 吸收，理解；收留
take back 使回憶起；追回
take over 接管，接任
take up 開始從事；占去（時(shí)間、空間）；拿起（武器）
高考鏈接：
(1)It is certain that he will ______ his business to his son when he gets old. (福建2004)
A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over
(2)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ______ most of her day.
(廣東2004)
A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up
答案
(1) C hand sth. over to sb. “把---傳給某人”
(2) A take up “占用時(shí)間”
《高中英語語法-高三英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)綜合訓(xùn)練3》由出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)liuxue86.com編輯整理
高三英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)綜合訓(xùn)練3
高考綜合復(fù)習(xí)：Book 1 Unit 4---6
重點(diǎn)詞匯與短語：
1.take place 發(fā)生
2.so---that 如此---以致于
3.sweep sb. down 沖倒
4.pull up 拽起，停車
5.hold on to 抓住，握住
6.get on one’s feet 站起來
7.go on a holiday 度假
8.far away from 遠(yuǎn)離
9.on fire 著火
10.such as 例如
11.travel agent 旅行社
12.be caught in 遭遇到
13.think twice 三思
14.think highly of 對(duì)---評(píng)價(jià)很高
15.stare at 盯著
16.leave out遺漏
17.take off 脫下，起飛
18.go wrong 出問題
19.in all 總之
20.on the air 廣播
21.make jokes about開---的玩笑
22.play a role扮演角色
23.make money 掙錢
24.owe success to sb.把成功歸功于某人
25.start with 以---開始
26.a thank-you letter 一封感謝信
27.introduce---to--- 將---介紹給---
28.make a good impression 留下好印象
29.the custom of toasting 敬酒的習(xí)俗
30.apologize to sb. for sth.因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼?BR> 交際用語:
1.Well done! 做得好！
2.You can do it! 你能行！
3.Come on! 快點(diǎn)！
4.It scares me. 這讓我害怕。
5.Keep trying! 再試試！
6.How do you like/find---? 你認(rèn)為---怎么樣？
7.What do you think of---? 你認(rèn)為---怎么樣？
8.Excuse me. 對(duì)不起。
9.Forgive me. 請(qǐng)?jiān)彙?BR> 10.I’m (very/so/terribly) sorry. 十分抱歉。
11.I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to---. 對(duì)不起，我不是有意---。
12.That’s all right./ That’s OK./ No problem. 沒關(guān)系。
知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納:
1.advance
(1) v. 前進(jìn),推進(jìn),促進(jìn),提升
Napoleon’s army advanced towards Moscow. 那破侖的軍隊(duì)向莫斯科挺進(jìn)了。
Two months has passed and the project has advanced.
兩個(gè)月過去了，這項(xiàng)工程已有進(jìn)展。
(2) n. 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展
The commander ordered to halt the enemy’s advance. 司令下令阻止敵軍前進(jìn)。
He’s always paying attention to the advances in medical science.
他時(shí)刻注意著醫(yī)學(xué)上的進(jìn)步。
（3）in advance 預(yù)先，在---之前
I was given a month’s salary in advance. 我提前發(fā)了一個(gè)月的工資。
（4）advancedadj. 高級(jí)的，先進(jìn)的
Einstein learned advanced mathematics all by himself at 13.
愛因斯坦13歲就能自學(xué)高等數(shù)學(xué)了。
Few scientists could understand his advanced theory at that time.
那時(shí)沒幾個(gè)科學(xué)家能理解他高深的理論。
2.seize vt.
(1) 抓住，捉住
The thief was seized by the police. 那個(gè)小偷被警察抓住了。
He seized me by the arm. 他抓住了我的胳膊。
(2) 抓?。〞r(shí)機(jī)）
If you get the opportunity to work abroad, you should seize it with both hands.
如果你有出國工作的機(jī)會(huì)，切勿放過。
Seize the day, seize the hour!
只爭(zhēng)朝夕！
（3）（思想、感情等）支配人的頭腦
The man was seized with panic. 這個(gè)人驚慌失措。
Uncontrollable laughter seized us. 我們不由自主地大笑起來了。
3.strike vt. vi. (struck, struck/stricken)
(1) 打，擊，砍，敲
strike a blow 擊出一拳
strike a match 劃火柴
I wouldn’t dream of striking a woman. 我做夢(mèng)也不會(huì)打女人。
He was so angry that he struck the table with his fist. 他氣得用拳頭砸桌子。
(2) 打中，擊中；撞，觸礁
A snow ball struck/hit him on the back of the head. 一個(gè)雪球打中了他的后腦勺。
Then my shovel struck against something metallic.
然后我的鏟子碰到了一件像金屬的東西。
（3）（某種想法）忽然出現(xiàn)；使（某人）突然意識(shí)到
It strikes sb. that--- 忽然意識(shí)到
be struck by--- 深受感動(dòng)
The funny side of the affair suddenly struck her. 她突然意識(shí)到了事情可笑的一面。
We were struck by the generosity of even the poorest citizens.
使我們深受感動(dòng)的是，甚至最貧窮的市民也慷慨大方。
（4） 給某人某種印象
---How did it strike you? 你覺得它如何？
---It struck me as strange at the time. 我當(dāng)時(shí)覺得它很古怪。
（5）（鐘）敲響
The church clock began to strike twelve. 教堂的鐘開始敲12點(diǎn)。
(6) 突然襲擊
When the snake strikes, its mouth opens wide.
蛇發(fā)起進(jìn)攻時(shí)，嘴張得很大。
I fear an earthquake will strike this area again. 我擔(dān)心地震會(huì)再次發(fā)生在這一地區(qū)。
(7) 罷工 （也可用做名詞）
I’m sure the bus drivers will strike/ go on strike. 我確信公共汽車司機(jī)會(huì)罷工。
(8) strike, beat, hit, tap, knock
strike 常表示用力打或敲
hit有“撞擊，襲擊”之意，比strike稍弱一些，指一次性的打擊或擊中
beat 指連續(xù)多次的打，也指有節(jié)奏的擊打，還可表示打敗
tap指輕拍
knock 指敲打并伴有響聲，還可表示打倒、撞翻
考題鏈接：
(1) It _____ her how quiet and gentle he was.
A. beat B. hit C. struck D. knock
(2) He sat quietly in the room, listening to the rain ____ against the window.
A. beating B. hitting C. striking D. knocking
答案 C A
分析 第一題表示“使某人忽然意識(shí)到”，用strike; 第二題表示連續(xù)敲打，用beat.
4.感官動(dòng)詞 see, hear, find, notice, watch + 賓語 +賓補(bǔ)
(1) 感官動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 +doing, 表示賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。
We can see parrots flying along the river. 我們可以看到鸚鵡在沿著河邊飛翔。
I can feel my heart beating fast. 我可以感覺到我的心跳得很快。
(2) 感官動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 +do, 表示賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。
I saw him cross the street. 我看見他過了馬路。
I didn’t notice you enter. 我沒注意你進(jìn)來了。
(3) 感官動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 +done, 表示賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
I found his hands tied to a tree. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)他的雙手被綁在樹上。
He saw the girl bitten by the dog. 他看到那個(gè)女孩被狗咬了。
5.fight
(1) vt. 和---作戰(zhàn)
We are fighting pollution now. 我們正在和污染作斗爭(zhēng)。
(2) vi.
fight against 為反對(duì)---而斗爭(zhēng)
The slaves fought against the slavery. 奴隸們?yōu)橥品`制度而戰(zhàn)。
fight for 為（爭(zhēng)?。?--而斗爭(zhēng)
He called on the slaves to fight for freedom. 他號(hào)召奴隸們?yōu)樽杂啥鴳?zhàn)。
fight with 同---一起戰(zhàn)斗，與---戰(zhàn)斗
France fought with Germany in that war. 在那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中法國對(duì)德國作戰(zhàn)。
fight over 因?yàn)?--而爭(zhēng)吵
The twin sisters always fight over toys. 這對(duì)雙胞胎姐妹經(jīng)常因?yàn)橥婢叨鵂?zhēng)吵。
(3) n. 戰(zhàn)斗，搏斗
This film is about people’s fight for right. 這部電影反映了人民爭(zhēng)取自己權(quán)利的斗爭(zhēng)。
Our country has started a fight against corruption. 我國已經(jīng)開始了一場(chǎng)反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)。
(4) fight, war, battle, struggle
fight 意為“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”，指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的動(dòng)作。
They fought back in self-defence. 他們進(jìn)行了自衛(wèi)還擊。
war 指全面戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，包含多次。
We experienced two world wars in the last century.
上個(gè)世紀(jì)我們經(jīng)歷了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)。
battle 戰(zhàn)役，指大的、連續(xù)數(shù)小時(shí)數(shù)天的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
the battle of Waterloo 滑鐵盧戰(zhàn)役
struggle 指較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的激烈的爭(zhēng)斗，常指肉體、精神上的戰(zhàn)斗。
They had to struggle for their freedom. 他們不得不為自由而戰(zhàn)。
The army struggled against Japanese Imperialist. 這部隊(duì)與日本帝國主義作斗爭(zhēng)。
6.take place, happen, break out
take place 多表示按計(jì)劃或規(guī)定要發(fā)生的事情。
happen 常用詞，有偶然發(fā)生之意。
break out 常指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)和疾病的爆發(fā)。
三個(gè)詞組都為不及物動(dòng)詞，沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
A fire broke out in his house last night. 昨晚他家里失火了。
He was in French when the Second World War broke out. 二戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)時(shí)他在法國。
When did the traffic accident happen?交通事故是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的？
Something strange has happened to the chemistry teacher. 化學(xué)老師出了點(diǎn)奇怪的事情。
When will the sports meet take place? 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)什么時(shí)候舉行？
Great changes have taken place in his hometown since 1980.
從1980年以來他的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨變。
7.destroy vt.破壞，毀滅，毀掉
The school was completely destroyed by fire. 學(xué)校被大火徹底燒毀了。
That accident destroyed her ballet career. 那次事故毀掉了她的芭蕾生涯。
destroy表示徹底毀掉，也可用于抽象意義，可指人或物。
damage 通常指車輛、房屋、莊稼等無生命物體受到損傷或毀壞，但往往可以修復(fù)。可用作名詞。
ruin 表示毀壞某種好的或有用的東西。
The chemical rain damages trees in the forests. 酸雨損害了森林中的樹木。
The precious painting was ruined by spilt milk. 灑出來的牛奶毀壞了那幅珍貴的畫。
The storm caused great damage to the crops. 這場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴給莊稼造成了很大的損害。
8.award
(1) 可數(shù)名詞，主要指“獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)賞，獎(jiǎng)金”，有時(shí)也指“報(bào)酬，工資”。
Meryl Streep won the best actress award. 梅麗爾斯特里普獲最佳女演員獎(jiǎng)。
The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award. 奧運(yùn)會(huì)冠軍的獎(jiǎng)品是一枚金牌。
The nurses’ pay award was not as much as they had expected.
護(hù)士的工資遠(yuǎn)沒有她們預(yù)想的那么多。
(2) vt. 給予，授予，判給
Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in quantum physics.
愛因斯坦因在量子物理學(xué)方面的成就而被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。
The university awarded her a scholarship. 那所大學(xué)給她發(fā)了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。
(3) priz 主要用于表示“獲得幾等獎(jiǎng)”或“獲獎(jiǎng)金額”，常說
win a prize for---
award sb. a prize
reward 可用做名詞或動(dòng)詞，指“報(bào)答，報(bào)償，獎(jiǎng)賞”。
考題鏈接：
It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ____.
A. rewards B. prizes C. awards D. results
答案 A
分析 該句意思為“人們普遍認(rèn)為小孩子學(xué)會(huì)做事是因?yàn)檫@些行為會(huì)帶來獎(jiǎng)賞/回報(bào)”。
9.owe vt.
(1)欠（債）
If he has borrowed some money from her, and has not paid her back, he owes her the money.
如果他借了她的錢沒歸還，他就欠她錢。
How much do I owe you? 我欠你多少錢？
We owe our parents a lot. 我們對(duì)父母感激不盡。
(2) owe sth. to sb. 感激，把---歸功于---
He owes his success to our help. 他把成功歸功于我們的幫助。
We owe a great deal to our parents and teachers. 我們深受父母及師長(zhǎng)之恩。
I owe it to you that I am still alive. 我現(xiàn)在還活著，應(yīng)該感激你。
(3) owing to由于，因?yàn)?BR> Owing to the rain they could not come. 因?yàn)橄掠?，他們不能來?BR> Owing to the drought, crops are short. 因?yàn)樘旌?，收成不好?BR> 10.live adj. 活的，生動(dòng)的，精力充沛的，實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的
It wasn’t a recorded show; it was live. 這不是錄像，是實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。
They gave live broadcast while the performances were in process on the stage.
當(dāng)演出在舞臺(tái)上進(jìn)行時(shí)他們進(jìn)行了實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。
The concert will be broadcast live. 這次演唱會(huì)將進(jìn)行實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。
That is a live fish. 那是一條活魚。
The laboratory is conducting experiments with a dozen live monkeys.
該實(shí)驗(yàn)室在用十多只活猴子進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。
She is a live woman. 她是一位精力充沛的女人。
live 當(dāng)“活的”講時(shí)，只修飾動(dòng)物，如a live mouse, a live snake
11.take off
(1) 脫掉，摘掉（反義詞為put on）
I forgot to take off my make-up last night. 我昨天晚上忘了卸妝。
He took off his coat and went to sleep. 他脫下外衣睡覺了。
(2) (飛機(jī))起飛，起跑
As the plane was taking off, I remembered I didn’t turn the iron off.
飛機(jī)起飛時(shí)，我才想起我沒有切斷熨斗的電源。
When we went to the airport, the plane had taken off. 我們到機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了。
(3) 休假，一般說take some time off
I’m taking Thursday off to do some Christmas shopping.
我周四要休假去買一些圣誕禮物。
(4) 開始成功，成名
I hear the business is really taking off. 我聽說生意真的開始興隆了。
Spielberg’s career really took off when he began to shoot his short films.
斯皮爾伯格開始從事短片拍攝時(shí)，他的事業(yè)真正騰飛了。
(5) take in 吸收，理解；收留
take back 使回憶起；追回
take over 接管，接任
take up 開始從事；占去（時(shí)間、空間）；拿起（武器）
高考鏈接：
(1)It is certain that he will ______ his business to his son when he gets old. (福建2004)
A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over
(2)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ______ most of her day.
(廣東2004)
A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up
答案
(1) C hand sth. over to sb. “把---傳給某人”
(2) A take up “占用時(shí)間”
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