2011英語(yǔ):大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試??颊Z(yǔ)法精講:句式[1]

字號(hào):

2011年12月06日 04時(shí)04分,《2011英語(yǔ):大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試??颊Z(yǔ)法精講:句式[1]》由出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)liuxue86.com英語(yǔ)編輯整理.
    1.常考的幾種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
    1) 當(dāng)表示否定或基本否定的詞或詞組位于句首作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用倒裝。這類詞或詞組常用的有:never, nowhere, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, barely, not until, not only, by no means, in no time, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way, in no case, at no time, on no account等。
    編輯推薦
    ★ 2011年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試閱讀理解技巧
    ★ 2011年外語(yǔ)類考試免費(fèi)短信提醒
    ★ 2011年6月份大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試備考準(zhǔn)備
    Never have I heard it before.
    Nowhere can I find my lost watch.
    Under no circumstance should a student cheat in the exam.
    Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet.
    Note: 當(dāng) “no sooner … than”和“hardly/scarcely … when/before”位于句首時(shí)用倒裝。該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“一…就…”,在時(shí)態(tài)上主句一般用過(guò)去完成時(shí),when或than引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
    Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when/before the bell rang.
    No sooner had the performance begun than the lights went out.
    2) 當(dāng)here, there, then, thus, only, hence, little等副詞位于句首,句中主、謂用倒裝。
    Here is the book for you.
    There goes the bell.
    Then came the order to take off.
    Thus arose the division between the developed and developing countries.
    3) 當(dāng) “so/such … that”結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such 位于句首時(shí)用倒裝。
    So cold was it at night that I could hardly fall asleep.
    Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.
    4) 分句以so, neither, nor, no more等副詞位于句首,表明前面句子中所說(shuō)明的情況也使用于后面的句子時(shí)用倒裝。
    Copper is a good conductor. So are many other metals.
    He didn’t see the film last night, neither did she.
    2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
    這里講的強(qiáng)調(diào)句主要是以it為引導(dǎo)詞的分裂句。其構(gòu)成形式為:It is (was) +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that(who, which) + 句子的其他部分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分通常為主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。
    It is only when one is ill that one realizes the value of health.
    It is what you will do that is essential.
    Note:
    在被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的后面,一般用that引出句子的其他部分。但是如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是表示人的名詞,那么也可用who;如果是指物的名詞也可用which。
    It was Jane that/who lent me the money.
    It was this novel that/which they talked about last night.
    如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是原因狀語(yǔ)從句,只能用because引導(dǎo),不能由since, as或why引導(dǎo)。
    It was because(不用since或as) he had never had the opportun