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1. Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels，bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnson‘s Autobiography of an Ex- Colored Man. (4)注意：bring A to B ——〉bring to B A
《黑人小說》考察了極為廣泛的一系列小說，在此過程中讓我們注意到了某些引人入勝但卻鮮為人知的作品，如詹姆斯。韋爾登。約翰遜(James Weldon Johnson)的《一個(gè)曾經(jīng)是有色人的自傳》(Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man)。
難句類型：倒裝
解釋：在以bringing開頭的作狀語的分詞中出現(xiàn)了倒裝，bring A to B被倒裝為bring to B A，其倒裝的原因仍是為了避免頭重腳輕，正常的語序應(yīng)該如下：bringing some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon johnson's Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man to our attention in the process.
意群訓(xùn)練：Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels， bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnson's Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man.
2. In addition， the style of some Black novels， like Jean Toomer‘s Cane， verges on expressionism or surrealism ; does this technique provide a counterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted ， a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression ? (5)
不僅如此，有些黑人小說(比如JT的甘蔗)的風(fēng)格接近與表現(xiàn)主義和超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義;這種技巧是否為流行的主題提供了一個(gè)和諧的對應(yīng)呢?這種主題刻畫了黑人注意與之相抗?fàn)幍拿\(yùn)，這是一個(gè)通常用更為自然主義的表現(xiàn)手法所表達(dá)的主題。
難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語
解釋：在本句中有三個(gè)詞需要先解釋一番：verge on這個(gè)詞組是接近于、瀕于的意思，hero在文學(xué)作品中是主人公的意思，pit作動詞時(shí)，除了挖坑、窖藏之外，還有使競爭、使斗爭的意思，其英文釋義為：to set as gamecocks into or as if into a pit to fight， to set into opposition or rivalry usually used with against.在此用的是后一種語義的被動語態(tài)fate againt which Black heros are pitted.如果用主動語態(tài)則是：pit black heros againt fate.
另外本句的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，分號之后是一個(gè)一般疑問句，但是由于修飾成分過多，過長，使得讀者看不清楚這個(gè)句子在問什么。其實(shí)如果沒有最后的那個(gè)prevalent theme的同位語a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression，本句會易懂得多。
意群訓(xùn)練：In addition， the style of some Black novels， like Jean Toomer's Cane， verges on expressionism or surrealism; does this technique provide a counterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted， a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression?
Even the doctoral degree, long recognized as a required “ union card” in the academic world, has come under severe criticism as the pursuit of learning for its own sake and the accumulation of knowledge without immediate application to a professor’s classroom duties.
While a selection of necessary details is involved in both, the officer must remain neutral and clearly try to present a picture of the facts, while the artist usually begins with a preconceived message or attitude which is then transmitted through the use of carefully selected details of action described in words intended to provoke associations and emotional reactions in the reader.
Articles in the popular press even criticize the Gross National Production (GNP) because it is not such a complete index of welfare, ignoring, on the one hand, that it was never intended to be, and suggesting, on the other, that with appropriate changes it could be converted into one.
Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psychoneuaral correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.
The Chinese have distributed publications to farmers and other rural residents instructing them in what to watch for their animals so that every household can join in helping to predict earthquakes.
Supporters of the Star Wars defense system hope that this would not only protect a nation against an actual nuclear attack, but would be enough of a threat to keep a nuclear war from ever happening.
Neither would it prevent cruise missiles or bombers, whose flights are within the Earth’s atmosphere, from hitting their targets.
Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics, and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies.
1. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances,authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological,and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.(4)
雖然小說無疑起源于政治情狀，但其作者則是以非意識形態(tài)的方式對這些政治情狀作出反應(yīng)的，而將小說和故事主要地當(dāng)作意識形態(tài)的工具來探討，會在相當(dāng)程度上阻礙小說事業(yè)。
難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾
解釋：本句從句子的結(jié)構(gòu)上來講，惟一的難度在于and之后的句子的主語talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments ofideology太長，以至于看到謂語circumvent的時(shí)候已經(jīng)搞不清楚主謂了。更大的難度恐怕還在于對兩個(gè)詞匯的理解circumvent和 enterprise.我們以前所背過的circumvent有兩個(gè)詞義，一個(gè)是規(guī)避，一是以計(jì)謀戰(zhàn)勝，但是這兩種意思放到此處都顯然不通;其實(shí) circumvent有一個(gè)我們沒有背過的最常用的意思是包圍、限制或陷害;至于enterprise常用的意思是企業(yè)，這里的指事業(yè)。
意群訓(xùn)練：Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological,and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.
2. Is this a defect，or are the authors working out of,or trying to forge,a different kind of aesthetic? (3)
這究竟是一種缺陷呢，還是這些作者想要按照一種與眾不同的美學(xué)體系進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作，抑或是在試圖創(chuàng)立一種與眾不同的美學(xué)體系?
難句類型：插入語
解釋：本句的句子既短，意思也不難理解，但插入語(or trying to forge)的干擾作用卻極強(qiáng)。
意群訓(xùn)練：Is this a defect, or are the authors working out of, or trying to forge, a different kind of aesthetic?
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