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GRE精選閱讀意大利黑手黨地盤爭奪戰(zhàn)打響
Europe Mafias on the move——Northward creep
歐洲黑手黨正在擴張：罪惡之手伸向北方
In Italy Mafia-organised crime is no longer only asouthern phenomenon
意大利黑手黨犯罪不再局限于南部地區(qū)
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TERRACINA is a sprawling town south of Rome, popular as a destination for beachsideweekends. Rivarolo Canavese nestles in the shadow of the Alps north of Turin. It has Romanruins, a handsome 14th-century castle and fewer than 12,000 inhabitants. Neither of thesevery different places is in the traditional, southern heartland of Italy’s mafias. Yet both haverecently been tainted—and dramatically so—by organised crime.
TERRACINA是羅馬南部的一個外延小鎮(zhèn)，擁有非常出名的周末海灘。Rivarolo Canavese坐落于都靈的南部，阿爾卑斯山腳下，那兒還殘留著古羅馬的遺跡，矗立著14世紀(jì)風(fēng)格的城堡還有不到12,000的人口。這些地方和意大利黑手黨傳統(tǒng)的南部中心地帶截然不同，但最近，這兩處地方都受到了組織犯罪污濁的侵蝕，且形勢嚴(yán)峻。
In August Gaetano Marino, suspected to be a leading member of the Neapolitan Camorra, diedwhen he was shot after being lured off a beach in Terracina on which families were relaxing inthe sun. And earlier this year the inhabitants of Rivarolo Canavese learned that their towncouncil had been put under direct central government control, following an investigation thatfound evidence of infiltration by the ‘Ndrangheta, the mafia of Calabria.
Gaetano Marino 被懷疑是那不勒斯卡莫拉黨的頭領(lǐng)，八月的一天他和家人在Terracina的海灘曬太陽，卻被誘離海灘槍殺。此外，今年早些時候，Rivarolo Canavese的居民知悉市鎮(zhèn)委員會改由中央政府直接管轄。因為此前一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)了卡拉布里行省的‘Ndrangheta黑暗勢力滲透的證據(jù)。
The fact that the ‘Ndrangheta, a crime syndicate born in the toe of the Italian boot, should befound in cahoots with local politicians in a town 60km (38 miles) from the French border isstriking evidence of something that is gradually becoming clear: the mafia is no longer asouthern phenomenon in Italy, but a national one.
‘Ndrangheta犯罪團伙起源于于靴型意大利版圖的“腳趾頭部位”。證據(jù)顯示他們竟然與距離法國邊界60公里(38英里)的一小鎮(zhèn)的政客勾結(jié)。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)撥云見日：黑手黨不再局限于南部意大利，已蔓延向全國。
Of the 22 local authorities disbanded last year because of alleged infiltration by organisedcrime, four were outside the south. What is happening along the coast near Rome is unclear.Some investigators fear a turf war may have started between local hoodlums and Camorramobsters intent on expanding their influence.
去年有22個地方政權(quán)被遣散就是因為被指控受到組織犯罪的滲透，其中有四個地方不在南部地區(qū)?？拷_馬的沿海地區(qū)依舊迷霧重重，一些調(diào)查員擔(dān)心一場地盤爭奪戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)在身為地頭蛇的當(dāng)?shù)乇┩胶椭荚谕卣箘萘Ψ秶目M織之間展開。
Other crime syndicates have already tried to establish a presence in the capital. In 2007 CosaNostra was found to be running a money-laundering operation from premises cheekily situatedopposite the office of the prime minister. Two years later one of Rome’s most famous bars, theCafe de Paris on the leafy Via Veneto, was closed after it was discovered that it had become afront for the ‘Ndrangheta. (It has since re-opened and uses a variety of products and producefrom firms that have been confiscated from mobsters.)
其他犯罪團伙甚至試圖在首都發(fā)展其勢力。在2007年，Cosa Nostra竟厚顏無恥地在首相府的對面建立洗錢基地。此事兩年后，位于樹木繁茂的威尼托區(qū)，一羅馬著名酒吧 Cafe de Paris 被封，理由是該酒吧為‘Ndrangheta提供庇護。(此后，該酒吧又重新開張，使用的很多產(chǎn)品都由從匪幫收繳的公司生產(chǎn)。)
The situation in Italy’s north is clearer. It had long been known that criminals from the southhad put down roots in the richest parts of the country. A well-intentioned, if misguided, policydating from the 1950s led to the removal of many suspected mobsters from their areas ofoperation and their “obligatory sojourn” elsewhere in Italy under curfew.
意大利北部形式已逐漸明朗。南部罪犯植根于全國最富饒之地的事實早已為人所知。追溯到19世紀(jì)50年代的宵禁，政策本意雖好，但卻是錯的，這使得可疑匪幫離開原本活動范圍來到意大利其他的“強制逗留地”。
Thanks to three recent and wide-ranging investigations, it is now clear that the ‘Ndrangheta notonly has acquired an unrivalled ascendancy in the north, but that its presence and influence isfar GREater than had been suspected (or acknowledged by northern politicians). Police andprosecutors claim to have identified no fewer than 24 locali (‘Ndrangheta clans) in Lombardy,the wealthy region around Milan, and Piedmont, of which Turin is the capital.
正由于近期三項大范圍的調(diào)查，情況現(xiàn)已清晰。‘Ndrangheta 的成長在北方無人能及，甚至他的勢力已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出估計(或者說超出北方政客的認(rèn)識)。警察和檢察官聲稱，在倫巴第、米蘭附近富裕地區(qū)、以及以都靈為省會城市的皮得蒙，能夠確定是locali(‘Ndrangheta 家族)的不下24人。
The first two investigations, which targeted Lombardy, led in November 2011 to the convictionof 110 defendants. The written judgment, published in June, is a profoundly unsettlingdocument. It refers to more than 70 instances of suspected intimidation in and around thecountry’s financial capital involving “firearms, ammunition and, in some cases, explosives”. OnSeptember 18th, a 75-year old businessman was shot in the leg near Milan in what lookedsuspiciously like a mafia ambush.
前兩項調(diào)查都在倫巴第展開，于2011年11月坐實了110名被告人的罪行。書面判決書在6月公布，著實讓人不安。書中公布了逾70起發(fā)生在全國金融之都及周邊地區(qū)的涉嫌恐嚇犯罪行為，其中涉及槍支、彈藥、甚至在一些案件中炸藥的使用。9月18日，一名75歲商人在米蘭附近被一槍射中大腿，懷疑是黑手黨伏擊。
The third investigation—Operation Minotaur, focused on Piedmont—led to the arrest of 172people. It was this that prompted the disbanding of the council in Rivarolo Canavese. There, ‘Ndrangheta bosses are said to have worked with a local politician to get him elected to theEuropean Parliament. One was overheard by investigators to boast proudly that he and his mencould command 11,000 votes from towns in the Alpine foothills.
第三項調(diào)查代號“米諾陶行動”，聚焦于皮德蒙，協(xié)助逮捕了172名罪犯。正是由于這項調(diào)查，才加快了Rivarolo Canavese委員會的遣散。據(jù)說，在Rivarolo Canavese，Ndrangheta 的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層與當(dāng)?shù)匾幻屠仟N為奸，給政客投票使其進入歐洲議會。還有一件調(diào)查者無意中聽到的事，一名黑幫高層自豪的吹噓：在阿爾卑斯山麓區(qū)域，只要我一聲令下，就有11000人為我投票。
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