GRE閱讀你選錯(cuò)過的答案如果你不加注意，下次還可能栽在這個(gè)跟頭上，出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)小編為大家?guī)鞧RE閱讀錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的特征， 在哪兒摔倒的就在哪兒爬起來，讓我們一起總結(jié)迷惑住你們的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)有什么特點(diǎn)!畢竟知己知彼方能百戰(zhàn)不殆!
GRE/GMAT閱讀說難也難，因?yàn)榭疾斓氖悄芰Γ馐且蛔忠痪涞哪芊g出原文恐怕也不一定做得了題;說簡(jiǎn)單也簡(jiǎn)單，任何一種思維習(xí)慣都有它固有的特點(diǎn)，養(yǎng)成了就不會(huì)遺忘，這種思維甚至比語言能力還穩(wěn)定。
好，進(jìn)入正題。在單選題五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中錯(cuò)誤的那四個(gè)選項(xiàng)怎么也逃不過這四個(gè)特點(diǎn)“混!偏!反!無!”有時(shí)候每個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)都能對(duì)應(yīng)其中一個(gè)，有時(shí)候?qū)?yīng)兩到三個(gè)。
“混”，要么是“張冠李戴”，就是把a(bǔ)做的事或說的話放到b的頭上(這個(gè)雅思和托福閱讀中都會(huì)出現(xiàn));或者是串層，這個(gè)托福閱讀中常出現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常發(fā)生在對(duì)比的選項(xiàng)中，前一段出現(xiàn)了a和b的對(duì)比，后一段出現(xiàn)了c和d的對(duì)比，結(jié)果選項(xiàng)中對(duì)比了a和c(當(dāng)然，在a和c、d以及b和c、d沒有可對(duì)比邏輯的情況下)。
“偏”，說出來的話沒有錯(cuò)，但只說了一部分，或者沒抓住最重點(diǎn)，主旨題中?？?。這個(gè)考點(diǎn)考的是長(zhǎng)難句的分析，在分析了長(zhǎng)難句后必須劃分的出主干及各成分，才抓的住核心;此外，主旨題還有個(gè)原則，叫“從前不從后”，當(dāng)文章太長(zhǎng)，被劃分多個(gè)段落，每個(gè)段落都出現(xiàn)新事物的時(shí)候，以最先出現(xiàn)的新事物(名詞短語)為住，剩下的為輔。
“反”，這個(gè)理解起來很清晰，YES&NO說反了。但做起來不一定簡(jiǎn)單，注意選項(xiàng)和文章考點(diǎn)中的語法，多重轉(zhuǎn)折、多重否定及語言順序。以及邏輯題特別是改善題中的一定要取反時(shí)別把自己繞進(jìn)去了。此外，文章和選項(xiàng)中不一定傻傻得出“YES”/”NO”，很可能給出得是一對(duì)邏輯相反的動(dòng)詞或者形容詞或者副詞，比如，rescind和embrace,所以你的詞匯量在哪里呢?
“無”，最清楚不過了，就是原文壓根沒提到。但是，這個(gè)找起來最花時(shí)間對(duì)不對(duì)，因?yàn)檎也坏剿哉伊撕镁冒?，坑人的選項(xiàng)!短文章還好，長(zhǎng)文章的話對(duì)自己語言動(dòng)地不自信的孩子還是別完全依賴排除法，找到正確選項(xiàng)最保險(xiǎn)。我做過的最坑人的一道GMAT閱讀，五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中有三個(gè)是NOT GIVEN，找得心累!
好的，下面上真題，這題是半年內(nèi)的新題，文章和題目超級(jí)典型，選項(xiàng)邏輯也很縝密;
The decrease in responsiveness
The decrease in responsiveness that follows continuous stimulation (adaptation) is common to all sensory systems, including olfaction. With continued exposure to chronically present ambient odors, individuals’ perception of odor intensity is greatly reduced. Moreover, these perceptual changes can be profound and durable. It is commonly reported that following extended absences from the odorous environment, reexposure may still fail to elicit perception at the original intensity.
Most research on olfactory adaptation examines relatively transient changes in stimulus detection or perceived intensity—rarely exceeding several hours and often less—but because olfactory adaptation can be produced with relatively short exposures, these durations are sufficient for investigating many parameters of the phenomenon. However, exposures to odors in natural environments often occur over far longer periods, and the resulting adaptations may differ qualitatively from short-term olfactory adaptation. For example, studies show that even brief periods of odorant stimulation produce transient reductions in receptors in the olfactory epithelium, a process termed “receptor fatigue.” Prolonged odor stimulation, however, could produce more long-lasting reductions in response, possibly involving structures higher in the central nervous system pathway.
The passage asserts which of the following about the exposures involved in the “research on olfactory adaptation”?
A. The exposures are of long enough duration for researchers to investigate many aspects of olfactory adaptation.
B. The exposures have rarely consisted of reexposures following extended absences from the odorous environment.
C. The exposures are intended to reproduce the relatively transient olfactory changes typical of exposures to odors in natural environments.
D. Those exposures of relatively short duration are often insufficient to produce the phenomenon of receptor fatigue in study subjects.
E. Those exposures lasting several hours produce reductions in receptors in the olfactory epithelium that are similar to the reductions caused by prolonged odor stimulation.
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