前言 ETS經(jīng)過成熟醞釀后，講于2006年10月推出的新的GRE GeneralTest。作為歷史悠久的GRE一般化考試，歷史55年來上也是首次發(fā)生重大變化。面對變化，中國考試應(yīng)該盡早適應(yīng)并且從考試考察能力轉(zhuǎn)變之中解讀中出調(diào)整和應(yīng)對策略。本文通過詳細(xì)剖些ETS官方給出的VerbalReasoning權(quán)威樣題，和廣大考生分享新GRE閱讀部分的變化究竟在哪里，本質(zhì)上延續(xù)的根本特點(diǎn)是什么以及相應(yīng)的備考策略以及啟發(fā)。站在命題哲學(xué)的高度透視這次變化，做到知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆。
總體宏觀變化
從ETS官方網(wǎng)站的敘述中，最為核心的整個(gè)考試的變化趨勢為如下幾點(diǎn)：
Greater emphasis on higher cognitive skills and less dependence on vocabulary
More text-based materials, such as reading passages
A broader selection of reading passages
Emphasis on skills related to graduate work, such as complex reasoning
Expansion of computer-enabled tasks (e.g., clicking on a sentence in a passage to highlight it)
Two 40-minute sections rather than one 30-minute section
逐點(diǎn)分析，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)幾乎每條都于閱讀部分難度和重要性的提高分不開的。所為cognitive認(rèn)知性能力，是所有閱讀測試的核心，即主要依賴文章本身而非經(jīng)驗(yàn)性的一種理解能力。不僅在能力上提出了更高要求，閱讀文章本身不論從選擇題材的廣度，每個(gè)Section考察的篇幅數(shù)量都大大提升。在計(jì)算機(jī)新媒介的輔助下，ETS把GRE閱讀注冊商標(biāo)般的推理也提高到新的層次進(jìn)行考察。簡而言之，閱讀可謂成為了新GRE考試中的重中之重。
樣題剖析
筆者對給出的樣題中閱讀部分做一個(gè)綜合評述，慢慢揭開新GRE閱讀的神秘面紗。在對題目做完剖析之后，總結(jié)相關(guān)的變化和值得注意的要點(diǎn)。
Questions 6 through 8 are based on the following reading passage.
Music critics have consistently defined James P. Johnson as agreat early jazz pianist, originator of the 1920's Harlem "stride"style, and an important blues and jazz composer. In addition, however,Johnson was an innovator in classical music, composing symphonic musicthat incorporated American, and especially African-American, traditions.
Such a blend of musical elements was not entirely new: by 1924both Milhaud and Gershwin had composed classical works thatincorporated elements of jazz. Johnson, a serious musician moreexperienced than most classical composers with jazz, blues, spirituals,and popular music, was particularly suited to expand Milhaud's andGershwin's experiments. In 1927 he completed his first large-scalework, the blues- and jazz-inspired Yamekraw, which included borrowingsfrom spirituals and Johnson's own popular songs. Yamekraw, premieredsuccessfully in Carnegie Hall, was a major achievement for Johnson,becoming his most frequently performed extended work. It demonstratedvividly the possibility of assimilating contemporary popular music intothe symphonic tradition.
本選文難度和風(fēng)格幾乎和現(xiàn)行的GRE閱讀沒有太大區(qū)別。題材又談到了黑人，尤其是爵士音樂。這種題材在95-00筆考期間也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。把握住文章首段重要詞匯however抓住主題。分清文中矛盾對象(創(chuàng)新與傳統(tǒng)，不同音樂家間的邏輯聯(lián)系)，文章應(yīng)該比較容易處理。
6. The passage states that Johnson composed all of the following EXCEPT
A. jazz works B. popular songs C. symphonic music D. spirituals E. blues pieces
此題正確答案為D。文中開始談到Johnson作為偉大爵士音樂家，因?yàn)槠鋭?chuàng)始了新的風(fēng)格，其中包括了blues andjazz。而在文章末句提到了他吸收了同時(shí)代的popularmusic以及symphonic。注意該題的spirituals文中確實(shí)也出現(xiàn)過，但是措辭用的是borrowfrom，題干問的是compose。
7. Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
The author suggests which of the following about most classical composers of the early 1920's?
A. They were strongly influenced by the musical experiments of Milhaud and Gershwin.
B. They had little working familiarity with such forms of American music as jazz, blues, and popular songs
C. They made few attempts to introduce innovations into the classical symphonic tradition
本題即為新GRE閱讀中新醞釀推出的所謂恐怖的"多選題"。其實(shí)這種題型即為原來GRE閱讀中羅馬數(shù)字題的變體，只是難度進(jìn)一步加大。正確答案B。 ——They had little working familiarity with such forms of Americanmusic as jazz, blues, and popularsongs。本題從出題點(diǎn)分析涉及文中的比較點(diǎn)。最后的邏輯關(guān)系用東方閱讀體系表示可以是:Johnson=Milhaud andGershwin<>most composers。運(yùn)用取非解題思路。
8. The author suggests that most critics have
A. underrated the popularity of Yamekraw
B. undervalued Johnson's musical abilities
C. had little interest in Johnson's influence on jazz
D. had little regard for classical works that incorporate popular music
E. neglected Johnson's contribution to classical symphonic music
此題正確答案為E。該題題干提到的critics指引考生定位到文章首段。經(jīng)過邏輯和套路熟練訓(xùn)練后，不難把握Music criticshave consistently defined James P. Johnson as a great early jazzpianist…… however, Johnson was an innovator in classicalmusic。類似于兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的對立，為結(jié)構(gòu)上重要內(nèi)容。
Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following reading passage.
Scholarship on political newspapers and their editors is dominatedby the view that as the United States grew, the increasing influence ofthe press led, ultimately, to the neutral reporting from which webenefit today. Pasley considers this view oversimplified, becauseneutrality was not a goal of early national newspaper editing, evenwhen editors disingenuously stated that they aimed to tell all sides ofa story. Rather, the intensely partisan ideologies represented innewspapers of the early republic led to a clear demarcation betweentraditional and republican values. The editors responsible for thepapers' content - especially those with republican agendas - began tosee themselves as central figures in the development of politicalconsciousness in the United States.
本文為符合現(xiàn)行GRE考試部分文章套路分類中的廣義新老觀點(diǎn)對比型。文首觀點(diǎn)說報(bào)紙最后的政治取向?qū)呌趎eutral。而之后Pasley提出的觀點(diǎn)否認(rèn)了這種看法(oversimplified)。具體從早期國家報(bào)紙的黨派差異論證自己觀點(diǎn)。文章首句符合一貫GRE閱讀的品味：長度達(dá)到35詞的復(fù)雜難句子，為理解上的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。
9. Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
The passage suggests that Pasley would agree with which of the following statements about the political role of newspapers?
A. Newspapers today are in many cases much less neutral in their political reporting than is commonly held by scholars.
B. Newspapers in the early United States normally declared quiteopenly their refusal to tell all sides of most political stories.
C. The editorial policies of some early United States newspapers became a counterweight to proponents of traditional values.
仍然是多項(xiàng)選擇題，要求考生自主列出ABC正確的組合。正確答案為C。A選項(xiàng)極具干擾度，文首談到的一種報(bào)紙變化乃是一種未來的趨勢。而A項(xiàng)做出了 GRE閱讀中很敏感的比較(than)，原文沒有明確的關(guān)于現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的風(fēng)格比較。B項(xiàng)為文中讓步層面內(nèi)容：even when editorsdisingenuously stated that they aimed to tell all sides of astory，體會該敘述，與公開聲明的程度不符。C項(xiàng)counterweight解釋為平衡物，表達(dá)了文末關(guān)于一些支持republican編輯的態(tài)度。
10. In the context in which it appears, "disingenuously" most nearly means
A. insincerely B. guilelessly C. obliquely D. resolutely E. pertinaciously
此題即為新GRE在取消詞匯部分后，做出的相應(yīng)調(diào)整。把部分詞匯轉(zhuǎn)移到閱讀部分來考察，取代之前單純的詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系，這種做法也是吸收了 TOEFL閱讀考察中的部分經(jīng)驗(yàn)。disingenuously作為GRE重點(diǎn)詞匯，為ingenuous反義(和ingenious形近)。即使考生現(xiàn)場不認(rèn)識該單詞，也可以從上下文邏輯關(guān)系得到提示。前半句because neutrality was not a goal of earlynational newspaper editing基本意群表達(dá)非單純目的, 后半句even when editorsdisingenuously stated that they aimed to tell all sides of astory聲明事務(wù)的方方面面。從之間相反關(guān)系推理，state動詞的修飾可以縮小到AC選項(xiàng)的范圍。句子本身goal與aimedto為上下句平行結(jié)構(gòu)的標(biāo)志。(考察的該詞在文中也被加亮)
Questions 16 through 18 are based on the following reading passage.
In Raisin in the Sun, Lorraine Hansberry does not rejectintegration or the economic and moral promise of the American dream;rather, she remains loyal to this dream while looking, realistically,at its incomplete realization. Once we recognize this dual vision, wecan accept the play's ironic nuances as deliberate social commentariesby Hansberry rather than as the "unintentional" irony that Bigsbyattributes to the work. Indeed, a curiously persistent refusal tocredit Hansberry with a capacity for intentional irony has led somecritics to interpret the play's thematic conflicts as mere confusion,contradiction, or eclecticism. Isaacs, for example, cannot easilyreconcile Hansberry's intense concern for her race with her ideal ofhuman reconciliation. But the play's complex view of Black self-esteemand human solidarity as compatible is no more "contradictory" than DuBois's famous, well-considered ideal of ethnic self-awarenesscoexisting with human unity, or Fanon's emphasis on an idealinternationalism that also accommodates national identities and roles.
筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)本文本身就是現(xiàn)行GRE考試閱讀部分曾經(jīng)考過的真題文章，全文不做一字修改。從這個(gè)意義上說，考生對于新GRE部分不用抱任何恐懼感。所有現(xiàn)在成熟的訓(xùn)練體系和閱讀方法仍然是有效的，本質(zhì)上的閱讀文章風(fēng)格沒有任何變化。
16. The author's primary purpose in the passage is to
A. explain some critics' refusal to consider Raisin in the Sun a deliberately ironic play
B. suggest that ironic nuances ally Raisin in the Sun with Du Bois's and Fanon's writings
C. analyze the fundamental dramatic conflicts in Raisin in the Sun
D. emphasize the inclusion of contradictory elements in Raisin in the Sun
E. affirm the thematic coherence underlying Raisin in the Sun
正確答案E，全文邏輯關(guān)系理解有點(diǎn)難度。文章為了說明LH的諷刺的才能，而不像對批評意見所說的那樣some criticsinterpret the play's thematic conflicts as mere confusion,contradiction, or eclecticism。所以全文論證作用上應(yīng)該為affirm coherence。
17. The author of the passage would probably consider which of thefollowing judgments to be most similar to the reasoning of the criticsdescribed in the highlighted sentence?
A. The world is certainly flat; therefore, the person proposing to sail around it is unquestionably foolhardy.
B. Radioactivity cannot be directly perceived; therefore, a scientist could not possibly control it in a laboratory.
C. The painter of this picture could not intend it to be funny; therefore, its humor must result from a lack of skill.
D. Traditional social mores are beneficial to culture; therefore, anyone who deviates from them acts destructively.
E. Filmmakers who produce documentaries deal exclusively withfacts; therefore, a filmmaker who reinterprets particular events ismisleading us.
此題在原來老題中也相同出現(xiàn)。唯一的變化在于老題給出具體行號定位，而新GRE借助機(jī)考形式，方便考生，直接在原文highlight所需定位的句子。此題選C選項(xiàng)。邏輯上都是缺乏能力導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果而不是故意產(chǎn)生的預(yù)期結(jié)果。
18. Click on the sentence in the passage in which the authorprovides examples that reinforce an argument against a criticalresponse cited earlier in the passage.
這種新的考題形式將在新GRE閱讀中普遍出現(xiàn)，筆者稱其為選擇句子題。其實(shí)該題仍然是老題在機(jī)考形式下稍做改動而成，免去了考生按照A-E選項(xiàng)依次定位文章尋找的時(shí)間，而直接要求考生自主選擇。答案為句子But the play's complex view of Blackself-esteem and human solidarity as compatible is no more"contradictory" than Du Bois's famous, well-considered ideal of ethnicself-awareness coexisting with human unity, or Fanon's emphasis on anideal internationalism that also accommodates national identities androles.該題難度比原題，由于其開放型，有一定提高。離開來考慮;
Rain-soaked soil contains less oxygen than does drier soil. Theroots of melon plants perform less efficiently under the low-oxygenconditions present in rain-soaked soil. When the efficiency of melonroots is impaired, the roots do not supply sufficient amounts of theproper nutrients for the plants to perform photosynthesis at theirusual levels. It follows that melon plants have a lower-than-usual rateof photosynthesis when their roots are in rain-soaked soil. When thephotosynthesis of the plants slows, sugar stored in the fruits is drawnoff to supply the plants with energy. Therefore, ripe melons harvestedafter a prolonged period of heavy rain should be less sweet than otherripe melons.
19. In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
A. The first states the conclusion of the argument as a whole; the second provides support for that conclusion.
B. The first provides support for the conclusion of the argumentas a whole; the second provides evidence that supports an objection tothat conclusion.
C. The first provides support for an intermediate conclusion thatsupports a further conclusion stated in the argument; the second statesthat intermediate conclusion.
D. The first serves as an intermediate conclusion that supports afurther conclusion stated in the argument; the second states theposition that the argument as a whole opposes.
E. The first states the position that the argument as a whole opposes; the second supports the conclusion of the argument.
此題形式為曾經(jīng)筆考中邏輯部分的考察重點(diǎn)：邏輯單題，即全文對應(yīng)了一道涉及直接邏輯推理的問題。此題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。兩個(gè)黑體部分都不是直接結(jié)論，而是中間的支持型結(jié)論(前提和推理過程)。全文邏輯：oxygen->root efficiency->nutrient forphotosynthesis-> sugar reserve->sweet。對于這種題型，考生可能比較陌生，邏輯作用上的抽象和把握成為新GRE的特色。
For the past two years at FasCorp, there has been a policy toadvertise any job opening to current employees and to give no job to anapplicant from outside the company if a FasCorp employee applies who isqualified for the job. This policy has been strictly followed, yet eventhough numerous employees of FasCorp have been qualified for any givenentry-level position, some entry-level jobs have been filled withpeople from outside the company.
24. If the information provided is true, which of the followingmust on the basis of it also be true about FasCorp during the past twoyears?
A. There have been some open jobs for which no qualified FasCorp employee applied.
B. Some entry-level job openings have not been advertised to FasCorp employees.
C. The total number of employees has increased.
D. FasCorp has hired some people for jobs for which they were not qualified.
E. All the job openings have been for entry-level jobs.
仍然是邏輯單題的類型。原文說如果在F公司內(nèi)部有任何職位空缺并且內(nèi)部員工有資格，則該職位一定給予內(nèi)部員工。在這個(gè)條件約束下，結(jié)果現(xiàn)狀是很多員工對任何entry-level職位都合適，任有部分來自公司外的員工。理解文章基礎(chǔ)上，為了解釋這些信息，可以推出有些職位空缺因?yàn)闆]有合適的本公司內(nèi)部員工申請，才會有外人成功應(yīng)聘。所以答案選A。
A tall tree can transport a hundred gallons of water a day from itsroots deep underground to the treetop. Is this movement propelled bypulling the water from above or pushing it from below? The pullmechanism has long been favored by most scientists. First proposed inthe late 1800's, the theory relies on a property of water not commonlyassociated with fluids: its tensile strength. Instead of making a cleanbreak, water evaporating from treetops tugs on the remaining watermolecules, with that tug extending from molecule to molecule all theway down to the roots. The tree itself does not actually push or pull;all the energy for lifting water comes from the sun's evaporativepower.
套路非常清晰的短文章。文章首句神秘現(xiàn)象。設(shè)問句給出兩種可能解釋。余下文章篇幅主要集中在一種解釋之上。
25. The passage is primarily concerned with
A. refuting a hypothesis advanced by scientists
B. discussing the importance of a phenomenon
C. presenting a possible explanation of a phenomenon
D. contrasting two schools of thought
E. discussing the origins of a theory
主題寫作手法題型。把握住現(xiàn)象解釋型套路，全文作用即為解釋現(xiàn)象——C選項(xiàng)。干擾來自D選項(xiàng)。全文雖然有兩種可能解釋，但始終沒有明確進(jìn)行過對比。
26. Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?
A. The pull theory is not universally accepted by scientists.
B. The pull theory depends on one of water's physical properties.
C. The pull theory originated earlier than did the push theory.
多選題型。正確選項(xiàng)AB。A項(xiàng)對應(yīng)文章The pull mechanism has long been favored by mostscientists，也就說明了not universally accepted byscientists。B項(xiàng)為文中細(xì)節(jié)：水的張力，改寫符合一貫研究的解題經(jīng)驗(yàn)：用抽象宏觀的詞替代原文具體內(nèi)容。C項(xiàng)考察了關(guān)鍵的推理嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性：盡管文中說長久以來pull theory被很多人接受，但沒有明確提到任何兩理論時(shí)間先后比較的內(nèi)容。
27. The passage provides information on each of the following EXCEPT
A. when the pull theory originated
B. the amount of water a tall tree can transport
C. the significance of water's tensile strength in the pull theory
D. the role of the sun in the pull theory
E. the mechanism underlying water's tensile strength
屬于傳統(tǒng)上GRE閱讀中比較難細(xì)節(jié)題，無法從題干本身獲得定位主題詞的信息。A項(xiàng)文中對應(yīng)時(shí)間1800，B項(xiàng)所提最小單位可能是水分子。C項(xiàng)提到的 tensilestrength為理論涉及的基礎(chǔ)性原理，26題已經(jīng)有所涉及。D項(xiàng)對應(yīng)文章末句。而E選項(xiàng)對文中信息做了推廣延伸。在 tensilestrength更底層的具體原理機(jī)理文中沒有進(jìn)一步解釋。
Producing and using biodiesel, a fuel derived from cultivatedrapeseed, causes 35 percent less air pollution per gallon than doesproducing and using regular diesel fuel. The government plans to reducediesel-related air pollution over the next decade by 25 percent, soreplacing regular diesel with biodiesel would seem to be the obvioussolution. Unfortunately, the greatest possible production of biodieselwould amount to only one percent of all diesel fuel to be producedduring the next 15 years.
28. The passage is structured to lead to which of the following as a conclusion?
A. The use of biodiesel will increase by less than one percent over the next 15 years.
B. During the next 15 years, the production of biodiesel will be increased as fast as it is possible to increase it.
C. During the next 15 years, it will be impossible, just byswitching to biodiesel, to meet the government's stated goal withrespect to reducing air pollution.
D. Fifteen years from now, the air pollution caused by theproduction and use of one gallon of regular diesel fuel will be farless than it currently is.
E. There will be no significant year-to-year increase in the amount of regular diesel fuel used during the next 15 years.
全文給出了很多細(xì)節(jié)性的數(shù)字，而解題需要對相關(guān)數(shù)字做出簡單推算?？梢栽O(shè)現(xiàn)在每加倫傳統(tǒng)diesel油的污染x，現(xiàn)在一年需要消耗的油量y加倫。簡單估算后，產(chǎn)量嚴(yán)重限制了最后biodiesel最后對減少污染的實(shí)際作用，所以正確答案為C。A選項(xiàng)混淆了產(chǎn)量和使用情況;B選項(xiàng)與原文末句敘述不符;D 選項(xiàng)比較的是一加侖現(xiàn)在使用的diesel油與15年后污染情況;E選項(xiàng)比較具有迷惑性，但是核心主體為diesel，而不是文中的biodiesel。
變化趨勢詳解
經(jīng)過剛才對每道樣題的理解過程中，考生可能會鮮明感到新GRE的創(chuàng)新和傳承分別如何實(shí)現(xiàn)。本文的討論從基本的參數(shù)分析，最后上升到能力要求的層面。
(1)閱讀題量和速度要求
| 文章篇幅長度（單詞數(shù)） | 題干選項(xiàng)總長度（單詞數(shù)） | 總計(jì)閱讀量（單詞數(shù)） | |
| 短文1（6－8題） | 155 | 206 | 361 |
| 短文2（9－10題） | 117 | 112 | 229 |
| 短文3（16－18題） | 158 | 195 | 353 |
| 短文4（19題） | 112 | 134 | 246 |
| 短文5（24題） | 76 | 85 | 161 |
| 短文6（25－27題） | 119 | 150 | 269 |
| 短文7（28題） | 79 | 131 | 210 |
考生最為關(guān)心的變化之一集中在對閱讀速度的要求上。根據(jù)東方填空老師估計(jì)，新GRE填空題部分總計(jì)需要6.25+3+6+9=24.25min時(shí)間，相應(yīng)大致考生所需的閱讀速度應(yīng)該達(dá)到1829/15.75=116.12 words permin(去除思考時(shí)間)?？傮w從閱讀速度要求上，基本和現(xiàn)行GRE閱讀處在相近水平。
(2)閱讀新題型變化
| ETS對邏輯推理能力的更高要求 | 邏輯單題題型重新出現(xiàn) |
| 取消類比反義詞的單純詞匯題 | 詞匯的考察落到閱讀文章中的詞匯題 |
| 傳統(tǒng)的羅馬數(shù)字題難度增加 | 多項(xiàng)選擇題（ABC三項(xiàng)組合題），錯選概率加大 |
| 利用機(jī)考形式的便利性 | 細(xì)節(jié)定位由屏幕不同顏色提示，出題方法更加靈活 出現(xiàn)了直接在文中選擇給定要求作用句子的題目 |
(3)閱讀題目分配
出了單純的閱讀篇幅和題量比較，依照筆者經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一個(gè)更重要發(fā)生變化的參數(shù)為"出題密度"。現(xiàn)行GRE閱讀部分長文章對應(yīng)7道題而短文章對應(yīng)4道題。
相比之下，現(xiàn)在平均每篇117詞的文章后，平均對應(yīng)2道考題。"出題密度"的下降的背后，體現(xiàn)出ETS更加重視考生更為基本的閱讀實(shí)力。原本長文章的理解過程中，經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練的考生至少把握住文章脈絡(luò)，可以解除大部分的考題。而現(xiàn)在新GRE閱讀重心可能偏移一些繁難的細(xì)節(jié)定位，而真正偏向宏觀的主題把握和邏輯關(guān)系的分辨能力。
(4)題材選擇范圍
結(jié)合這次公布的官方樣題以及之前一次對新GRE的測試性V3考試，可以看到GRE選文的題材上進(jìn)一步放寬。題材范圍基本仍屬于傳統(tǒng)上的文學(xué)評論，自然原理，社會現(xiàn)象，生命科學(xué)，但是對選文學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)范性上的要求有適當(dāng)?shù)姆潘?。在V3考試中甚至出現(xiàn)一篇直接從某本評論性書籍中摘錄的段落，段落幾乎均以第一人稱I展開(而這一點(diǎn)以往是被排斥在學(xué)術(shù)化文章之外的)。題材上放寬之后，ETS就更少的依賴一些繁難自然科學(xué)術(shù)語來為難考生，新GRE閱讀的文章將更貼近實(shí)際生活接觸的文字材料。
(5)考點(diǎn)和題目設(shè)置變化
|
新GRE閱讀題型和考察要求 |
||
|
題號 |
題型種類 |
考察要點(diǎn) |
| 6 7 8 |
EXCEPT題型 | 精確細(xì)節(jié)性理解 |
| 多項(xiàng)選擇題 | 分開文中三種類別任務(wù)關(guān)系 | |
| 推斷題 | 抓住首段轉(zhuǎn)折，取非推理 | |
| 9 10 |
多項(xiàng)選擇題 | 現(xiàn)代和早期報(bào)紙區(qū)別 |
| 詞匯題 | ||
| 16 17 18 |
主題題型 | 全文寫作手法和套路 |
| 閱讀類比題 | 邏輯推理思路上的共同特點(diǎn) | |
| 選擇句子題 | 找到一句作為例證支持作用的句子 | |
| 19 | 邏輯單題 | 兩行黑體句子邏輯上作用 |
| 24 | 邏輯單題 | 某結(jié)論的前提假設(shè) |
| 25 26 27 |
主題題型 | 全文寫作手法和套路 |
| 多項(xiàng)選擇題 | 成功解釋的細(xì)致理解 | |
| EXCEPT題 | 文章提供哪些具體信息，具體到何種程度 | |
| 28 | 邏輯單題 | 對數(shù)字推理得出結(jié)論 |
簡而言之，新GRE閱讀背后透露的兩個(gè)聲音：邏輯推理的重要性和細(xì)節(jié)理解的精確性。
本質(zhì)的傳承
新GRE閱讀部分，雖然借助新的考試形式有了一些變化，但是本質(zhì)上和現(xiàn)行考試是一脈相承的，考生大可放心。無論是V3測試還是這次官方樣題，都有以前考過文章照搬而成的段落，甚至很多題都是基于原來的考題。
首先從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上，長度超過其他閱讀考試，結(jié)構(gòu)極端復(fù)雜的難句子，仍然是新GRE的標(biāo)志。在整個(gè)考試對細(xì)節(jié)考察降低，對文章長度縮短，出題密度降低的前提下，考察的將是考生真正的基本閱讀功底。突破學(xué)術(shù)化風(fēng)格的語言難關(guān)是征服新GRE閱讀不可或缺的一部分。
其次，從文章風(fēng)格分析，不論其題材具體內(nèi)容是什么，都是由很多讓步，轉(zhuǎn)折，異同比較構(gòu)成的。而這些風(fēng)格，都是現(xiàn)行GRE閱讀中為廣大考生所熟悉的模式。
從根本分析，GRE閱讀的難點(diǎn)是因?yàn)槲恼掠蒃TS故意設(shè)計(jì)的大量矛盾沖突來營造tension的感覺。這一點(diǎn)是新舊GRE傳承上永恒不變的重要一點(diǎn)。無論是這次樣題中Jazz音樂家的創(chuàng)新與否，現(xiàn)在和早期的報(bào)紙政治立場，LH的諷刺是故意為之還是技術(shù)拙劣，樹木運(yùn)送水分的pull和push兩種解釋……這些都可以被看作文章發(fā)展的conflicts。拋開局部細(xì)節(jié)和邏輯作用，整個(gè)文章的模式和發(fā)展預(yù)測的方法論對于新GRE仍然是特別使用的。
結(jié)論
讀完全文，考生應(yīng)該對新GRE閱讀有了自己的看法和理解。總的來看，新GRE閱讀還是很好的在保持其以往特點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)上，豐富了考試首段和方法，部分轉(zhuǎn)移了考察的重點(diǎn)。面對這次變革，對考生來說也是機(jī)會與挑戰(zhàn)并存。在單純詞匯量考察下降的背景下，怎么樣切實(shí)訓(xùn)練和提高閱讀的實(shí)力以應(yīng)對新GRE閱讀越來越高的能力要求(復(fù)雜深入的邏輯性推理和全面細(xì)致的局部信息理解)，是放在考生面前巨大的課題。