2018年5月12日托福真題回憶以及解析一覽

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    2018年5月12日的托??荚嚱K于結(jié)束了,那么準備在這個月考試的同學(xué)可以參考一下今天的真題,看看難度怎么樣?下面就和出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)的小編來看看2018年5月12日托福真題回憶以及解析一覽。
      聽力
    Conversation 1
    話題分類:學(xué)生和老師
    內(nèi)容回憶:學(xué)生去問老師關(guān)于assignment的comment,老師講到叫做Little Dancer Aged Fourteen(十四歲的小舞女)的雕塑,并且提到作者德加Edgar Degas. 這個雕像本初是wax sculpture,在Edgar Degas去世后被翻制成了bronze,并暗示德加生前其實比較拒絕把它制成銅的。學(xué)生最后表示要拓展一下自己paper的內(nèi)容,更多涉及一些雕像的材料。
    Conversation 2
    話題分類:學(xué)生和輔導(dǎo)員
    內(nèi)容回憶: 女生要sign up 教授Adams的seminar,但是已經(jīng)沒有名額了,輔導(dǎo)員把她放在waiting list,同時還要填寫一個consent form,并參加一個lab seminar,學(xué)生不解,問為什么以前不需要,輔導(dǎo)員講Adams的課程形式有點不同,需要了解學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)。在選擇seminar方面,學(xué)生挑選的老師schedule有變,輔導(dǎo)員建議學(xué)生最好參考Web-based schedule,那個updates every day.
    Lecture 1
    學(xué)科分類:Architecture
    標題: cathedral
    內(nèi)容回憶: cathedral是Christian church. 歷史上,建造cathedral是一個city success的象征。 有一個叫ED的人建了一個bronze model of cathedral,要比通常的size大很多。期初cathedral的結(jié)構(gòu)并不是很穩(wěn)定,后來有一個名叫AC的建筑家,他參考了很多建筑的dome,加固了cathedral的結(jié)構(gòu),被沿用至今。
    Lecture 2
    學(xué)科分類: biology
    標題: leatherback turtle
    內(nèi)容回憶:我們今天來聊一聊動物的animal behavior,我們要聊的是sea turtle,一種叫做leatherback turtle. 首先turtle是很難研究的, 因為它們大部分時間都是below the surface,難以觀察。研究的一個步驟就是進行l(wèi)ocate,locate的最好時期就是egg hatchery. 這些egg里有些全部是embryo,但有些已經(jīng)partly hatched. 海龜們會通過acoustical method來交流,保護大家的安全,躲避捕食者。
    Lecture 3
    學(xué)科分類: Astronomy
    標題:brown dwarf 褐矮星
    內(nèi)容回憶: brown dwarf是一個很難classify的celestial body,因為從orbit來講,它像planet一樣圍著恒星轉(zhuǎn),但從composition來講,它像star一樣會有dust和gas組成。關(guān)于brown dwarf的formation,有兩個理論ejection theory和turbulence theory. 其中turbulence theory是low-mass star formation的一個new model,是由gravitational fragmentation形成的。
    Lecture 4
    學(xué)科分類: history
    標題: potato
    內(nèi)容回憶:如果告訴你potatoes change the history你一定很驚訝,但這確實是事實,一些很平常很不起眼的東西能夠改變歷史。Potato其實是很有營養(yǎng)的,并且很容易種植,在世界各地都是重要的食物,但是開始歐洲人會覺得它長的丑,非常disgusting,沒有人愿意吃。 后來它在英國變得非常popular,因為70年代的時候,England 和 America打架,當時英國的糧食都供應(yīng)到前線了,政務(wù)就鼓勵打架種植potato.
    口語
    Task 1
    Which of the following characteristics do you think would be the most important for a person who is going to start a new small business?
    A. being outgoing and friendly
    B. being creative and imaginative
    C. being well organized
    Task 2
    Do you agree or disagree that it is not good for children to know too soon about life’s difficulties. Give specific reasons to support your answer.
    Task 3
    閱讀:
    標題:studio spaces to be redesigned
    改變:Reasons: 加強PEER的互相學(xué)習(xí),可以給更多的地方去做art show
    觀點:The man feels disappointed with the policy.
    原因1:Students need some privacies. They need to be concentrated. They don’t need feedback when their works are not done yet.
    原因2:Many small rooms can help many students to exhibit their sculptures.
    Task 4
    聽力概念:Availability Cascade.
    定義:Media try to make news more important than it supposed to be, to get more public attention.
    閱讀例子: There is a travel site, which doing well in the industry. But they met a problem that the system will overcharged, maybe 15 dollars each time. Then because of AC, media starts to exposure this. Although the website manager fixed this quickly and refund the money back. But customers still don’t believe this website.
    Task 5
    問題:The woman promised to attend bio prof’s party, but he also needs to read those words that he retyped because of the issues from his computer.
    解決方案1:Email the prof that he cannot come
    優(yōu)點:He can read his paper
    缺點:prof cook a lot food and she might feel offended.
    解決方案2:go to the party
    優(yōu)點:/
    缺點:cannot read the paper
    Task 6
    標題:Two adaptations that mammals have in hot dessert
    概念:In order to cool down the body temperature, mammals have two ways to achieve that.
    要點1:Using the shade
    例子1:squirrels’back face to the sun and use it’s big tail to create shade for body
    要點2:Circulation of blood.
    例子2: rabbit’s blood vessels are exposure to the air and thus, cool down the blood temperature and body temperature
    閱讀
    Passage One
    學(xué)科分類:歷史
    題目:Mass production: method and impact
    內(nèi)容回憶:
    愛迪生,卡耐基,洛克菲勒這些人的發(fā)明和公司促進了技術(shù)進步,導(dǎo)致了市場上供大于求。第二段是面粉行業(yè),出現(xiàn)了某種新技術(shù),導(dǎo)致供大于求。第三段是用brand, trademark, slogans等增加了用戶的需求和忠誠。第四段說很多行業(yè)開始吃哦你百家爭鳴到一家獨大。第五段說新技術(shù),新工業(yè),導(dǎo)致失業(yè)率上升,因為工人們不會這些新玩意兒。第六段說但是,這同時也創(chuàng)造了更多別的工作崗位,還有低人力,便宜的產(chǎn)品
    Components=part
    Remarkable=impressive
    Confined to=limited to
    Relentless=unceasing
    Passage Two
    學(xué)科分類:生活
    題目:Hawaii Bristletail
    本文第一段介紹了一下這個Bristletail,說它像shrimp。人們認為它是從某個地方遷移到夏威夷的。第二段說某個德國科學(xué)家不同意這個觀點,他發(fā)現(xiàn)美國有種生物和這個DNA很像,應(yīng)該是Bristletail的祖宗。第三段說,其實有可能是從islands to continent的。并用一些理論來支持。第四段說,小島都是進化的終點,然后一些理論支持它
    Improbable=unlikely
    Definitive=final
    Notion=idea
    Harbor=contain
    Passage Three
    學(xué)科分類: 人類學(xué)
    題目:The social consequence of urbanization
    內(nèi)容回憶:
    第一段說公園前3000年,人們由于一些原因開始聚居。第二段說city-state的出現(xiàn)讓政權(quán)取代了皇權(quán),這比農(nóng)業(yè)社會更高效。第三段說diversity and complexity represents City-state. People start to fight for this. 第四段說它weaken the family relationship. 第五段說的是gender. 男的在這個變化中比較占便宜,女的lose privileged private world.
    詞匯題:
    Characterize= are typical of
    Simultaneous= as the same time as
    Execute=carry out
    Privileged= advantaged
    Passage Four
    學(xué)科分類: 生物學(xué)
    題目:The isolation and diversity of rain forest
    內(nèi)容回憶:
    第一段說熱帶雨林的dense導(dǎo)致movements不容易。物種之間的isolation就形成了。第二段說這種isolation就會導(dǎo)致物種多樣性,叢林的顏色茂密,動物的聲音也比較響。第三段說不通的species在很短的distance就可以形成。第四段說在60-70米高的canopy之上,由于植被等變少,隔絕就沒那么容易,因此有種動物harpy eagle。明顯沒低一點的地方那么有多樣性了。
    詞匯題:
    Congestion=overcrowding
    Advantageous=favorable
    Retained= kept
    寫作
    綜合
    閱讀:why plants fold their leaves during nighttime 我們都知道葉子白天會舒展是為了吸收光線,但關(guān)于為什么晚上會卷起來說法不一。
    1. protection against cold 為了防止喪失熱量。
    2. protection against injection 為了防止感染真菌。 葉子濕了容易感染真菌。
    3. eliminating from nighttime light 為了防止夜間光。葉子白天通過collect sunlight來trace seasons,來確定開花的best time,但如果夜間有moonlight的干擾,會distort植物判斷的accuracy
    聽力:none of the assumptions is convincing enough
    1. 葉子是通過internal mechanism抗凍的,否則無論晚上它fold or not,一道晚上freezing cold葉子照樣死翹翹。
    2. 葉子卷起來還是會 不能完全隔絕水,另外disease是通過fungal spore傳播的,有一點點水就會spread water,能夠感染,所以卷葉子并沒有用。
    3. 在一些完全沒有月光的地方比如森林,植物的葉子也會在夜間卷起來,所以folding leaves一定有其他的原因。
    獨立
    When there is a new technological device is available,some people will buy it immediately,while others will wait until many others have adopted it. Which view do you agree more?
    解題思路:
    wait
    1. practical issue購買需秉承實用性原則,而不是趕潮流
    2. blemish 新品可能會有設(shè)計缺陷,每次iphone發(fā)布會的論壇吐槽就是證明
    3. higher price 新品價格通常不是很美麗。