出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)的托福欄目小編為您帶來“教你考前6天完美備考搞定托福聽力”，希望對(duì)大家備考托福有所幫助。更多托福相關(guān)內(nèi)容請(qǐng)關(guān)注我們網(wǎng)站!
Day 1 Listening skills
托福聽力主要考察學(xué)生理解對(duì)話以及講座內(nèi)容的能力。
每段對(duì)話只播放一次，但可以做筆記。問題主要關(guān)于每段對(duì)話的主要觀點(diǎn)、重要的細(xì)節(jié)、作者態(tài)度等。
托福聽力分為兩個(gè)部分，每部分有一段對(duì)話和兩個(gè)講座。如果遇到加試，加試的一個(gè)部分也是由一段對(duì)話和兩個(gè)講座組成。
托福聽力的主要形式：
Informal, Non-academic, and Conversational
這一類型的聽力主要是以在校園中對(duì)話的形式出現(xiàn)，如學(xué)生與學(xué)生之間或是學(xué)生與老師之間的對(duì)話。
Formal and Academic
這一類型的聽力主要是以學(xué)術(shù)講座的形式出現(xiàn)。主題分為很多種，如自然科學(xué)、社會(huì)科學(xué)、藝術(shù)等。
Listening question types:
主旨題(identifying the main idea)
細(xì)節(jié)題(understanding detail)
組織結(jié)構(gòu)題(understanding organization)
推斷題(making inferences)
作者態(tài)度題(determining attitude)
連接內(nèi)容題(connecting content)
在聽力過程中，要理解說話人的觀點(diǎn)，重要的內(nèi)容和細(xì)節(jié)要記下來，以免聽完之后忘記。
Listening skills：
1. 聽的時(shí)候注意一些連接詞，如表示轉(zhuǎn)折的but, however等，表示因果關(guān)系的because, thanks to等。
2. 注意形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)，如the most important thing is后面就是這段話的關(guān)鍵部分。
3. 注意一些表示順序的詞語(yǔ)，如next, then, finally等。
4. 在lecture中，注意聽結(jié)尾表達(dá)作者觀點(diǎn)的句子。
Day 2 Multi-Select Multiple Choice
在托福聽力中，有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)Multi-Select Multiple Choice的問題類型。
這類問題要求大家從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出2個(gè)正確答案，或從5個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出3個(gè)正確答案。
這種多項(xiàng)選擇大多考察聽力原文中的細(xì)節(jié)。
這種多選的形式跟細(xì)節(jié)題的單選形式相同，大家只要再找出其他正確的細(xì)節(jié)就可以了。
在做這種題型時(shí)，筆記非常重要，因?yàn)樵诼犕暌欢卧捄?，大家可能?huì)忘記一些部分。
Example:
Listen to part of a talk in a philosophy class.
Professor: ... Ok, so let's continue our discussion about the philosophical beliefs that emerged during the Enlightenment period. As you know, the Enlightenment was a historical period when many philosophers broke away from the religious explanations of the world, and looked toward science as a more reasonable explanation of phenomena. This was during the late eighteenth century.
As most of you know, in philosophy, one idea leads to the next, and philosophers who come later like to reinvestigate older ideas and change them to fit into a new explanation. They also liked to criticize each other. This academic criticism led to a different philosophical movement that came out of Germany and was called Idealism. Today we are going to look at a particular philosopher who is regarded as the founder of German Idealism. Immanuel Kant is considered to be the first German idealist.
Student 1: Excuse me professor, I am not clear what idealism means. I read the chapter in the book, but I don't really understand it. Could you explain it please?
Professor: Sure, yes, let's backtrack a bit. In philosophy, to be an idealist is a little bit different than the way we use it in regular conversation. The philosophical meaning of idealism is that we do not directly know objects. We can only directly know ideas. I mean, ideas are like imprints, which are like the pictures of these objects in our minds. For example, take fire. We can see fire, so we have a picture of it in our minds. We can touch fire, so we know that it is hot, but sight and touch are sensations. We know the picture of fire in our minds and we know the idea of heat in our minds but not the fire itself. Idealists were a group of philosophers that believed we could only know the ideas in our minds, not the objects they represent. All we really know are the ideas. This was the basic theory of how human beings understand the world according to idealists.
Student 1: I think it means that we can only really know our ideas for sure. Everything else might exist but we can't claim to really know it because it is not a part of us.
Professor: You are getting there. Yes. Idealists, remember, were European thinkers who were trying to show that each person has a different way of understanding something. In each person's mind the "truth" is a little different. Reality is subjective because we all understand it a little differently.
There were many philosophers that were idealists, but let's get back to Kant.
Now, Where was I?
Right... umm... In the later part of the 1700s, Kant criticized both the rational philosophers who believed that reason could lead to understanding, and the empirical philosophers, who believed that we only learn through observation and experience. He tried to bring the two groups of thinkers together in his own form of idealism. He believed that we had certain ways of looking at the world in our minds, and that we could predict certain patterns by using reason, but he also claimed that there are things that we can only really know though experience. We cannot predict everything that we will encounter in the world. He claimed that both reason and experience were important.
Question: What is true about Idealism? Choose 2 answers.
A. It is a way of understanding physics.
B. It was based on scientific thought.
C. It claims we cannot know objects.
D. It was developed in 1700.
這段對(duì)話中，Professor說："As you know, the Enlightenment was a historical period when many philosophers broke away from the religious explanations of the world, and looked toward science as a more reasonable explanation of phenomena."同時(shí)他也給出了理想主義的定義，"The philosophical meaning of idealism is that we do not directly know objects. We can only directly know ideas."
選項(xiàng)A混淆了兩個(gè)發(fā)音相似的單詞philosophy 和physics。
選項(xiàng)D也不正確，理想主義的發(fā)展是在18世紀(jì)后期。
Some tips about Multi-Select Multiple Choice:
1. 注意factors, result, explanation等的并列成分，不要有遺漏;
2. 在聽的時(shí)候注意記筆記。記筆記時(shí)用簡(jiǎn)化的符號(hào)代替單詞，記下重要部分;
3. 將聽力原文中的時(shí)間、數(shù)字記清楚，并與相應(yīng)的事件對(duì)應(yīng);
4. 注意排除干擾項(xiàng)。如果原文沒有表達(dá)這一意思，那么這個(gè)選項(xiàng)就是錯(cuò)的。