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2016年托福寫作中的語(yǔ)句多樣化組成
句法多樣化專題 (Syntactic Variety)
1.并列
a)并列大量名詞: n1, n2, n3, …, and nn
i.A, B, C, … and other Xs…
ii.X, such [Y] as A, B, C…, …
b)并列名詞性成份: n. + what/how/whether/if… [并列復(fù)雜句]
i.what = something that
ii.how = the way/manner in which
c)并列形容詞性成份
i.a1 and a2 + n
ii.a1 + yet/but + a2 + n
iii.a1, a2 + n + that…
iv.a1, a2, so a3 that/as to…
d)并列副詞性成份
i.ad1 and ad2
ii.ad1 + yet/but + ad2
iii.ad1, ad2, prep.
iv.ad1, ad2, so ad3 that/as to…
e)并列動(dòng)詞
i.并列動(dòng)詞
a)…v1…, v2-ing…, v3-ing…
b)S1 + v1-ing, S2 + v2 …
ii.并列句子
a)…, and therefore/thus/consequently/subsequently…
b)not only/simply/merely… but also/…as well/even…
c)neither… nor…
d)not that… but that…
f)并列從句: … that…, and that…[并列復(fù)雜句]
i.that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
ii.that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
iii.that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句
2.重復(fù)成分
a)重復(fù)形容詞
i.… a. …, so a. that/as to…
b)重復(fù)名詞 (同位語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu))
i.… n., n that…
ii.原樣重復(fù)
iii.同義重復(fù)
a)歸納
b)演繹
3.從句
a)whether/if/what/how做賓語(yǔ)
b)when/whenever; while + -ing/-ed
c)if/whether + adj.
d)what/how/when/where + to…
4.倒裝
a)否定詞(組)位于句首
b)比較句中的第二個(gè)句子
c)虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中(Had/Were/Should)
d)表語(yǔ)提前的倒裝
i.prep.: Among…
ii.adj. phrase: Equally important is …
iii.-ing phrase: Matching… is …
iv.as: Obvious as it is, this cause has always been neglected.
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