我們常常將獨(dú)立作文放在了首要位置，而對(duì)綜合作文稍有忽略，但是實(shí)際上，綜合作文也是占到了作文總分30分里面的50%的分值。不要等成績(jī)出來(lái)后才發(fā)現(xiàn)綜合作文的limited 或者fair 極大的影響了自己的分?jǐn)?shù)。所以出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)小編為你準(zhǔn)備了《托福TPO1綜合寫(xiě)作真題及解析》，希望能對(duì)你的托?？荚嚹苡兴鶐椭?。
托福TPO1綜合寫(xiě)作真題、音頻及解析
Reading Part:
In the United States, employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day.
However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so. A mandatory policy requiring companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths (80 percent) of their normal pay would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option. The shortened workweek would increase company profits because employees would feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they would make fewer costly errors in their work. Hiring more staff to ensure that the same amount of work would be accomplished would not result in additional payroll costs because four-day employees would only be paid 80 percent of the normal rate. In the end, companies would have fewer overworked and error-prone employees for the same money, which would increase company profits. For the country as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is that it would reduce unemployment rates.
If many full-time employees started working fewer hours, some of their workload would have to be shifted to others. Thus, for every four employees who went on an 80 percent week, a new employee could be hired at the 80 percent rate. Finally, the option of a four-day workweek would be better for individual employees. Employees who could afford a lower salary in exchange for more free time could improve the quality of their lives by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests, or enjoying leisure activities.
中文解析：
在美國(guó)，職員一般執(zhí)行的一周五天，每天八小時(shí)工作制。然而，很多職員希望能夠改為四天工作制，如果能夠滿足需要可以接受薪水降低。要求企業(yè)提供薪水八成工作四天的工作方式供員工選擇對(duì)于國(guó)家整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)都是有好處的，同時(shí)獲益的還有個(gè)人，以及執(zhí)行這個(gè)政策的公司。
減少工作日會(huì)提高公司的利潤(rùn)，因?yàn)閱T工們會(huì)感到很輕松和精神，這樣他們就會(huì)在工作中較少犯那些可能會(huì)帶來(lái)?yè)p失的錯(cuò)誤。為了完成同樣的工作量將需要雇傭更多的人手，但是這不意味著需要支付更多的薪水，這是因?yàn)樗奶旃ぷ魅罩恍柚Ц督o每個(gè)員工 80%的工資。這樣，公司花同樣的錢(qián)，員工這會(huì)過(guò)于勞累和失誤連連了，這樣將會(huì)提高公司的利潤(rùn)。
對(duì)于國(guó)家整體來(lái)說(shuō)，給職員提供這樣的選擇選擇的好處就是可以降低失業(yè)率。如果原來(lái)全職工作的人縮短了工作時(shí)間之后，他們的部分工作就需要轉(zhuǎn)給其他的員工。這樣，如果每個(gè)員工每周都只工作 80%的時(shí)間，這樣就可以以同樣的工作時(shí)間來(lái)雇傭新員工了。
最后，這種四天工作日的選擇對(duì)于員工個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)也是有利的。那些可以接受用降低薪水來(lái)增加休息時(shí)間的員工可以提高他們的生活質(zhì)量，因?yàn)樗麄冇懈嗟臅r(shí)間陪家人、追求自己的興趣、以及享受一些休閑生活。
Professor
Offering employees the option of a four-day workweek won't affect the company profits, economic conditions or the lives of employees in the ways the reading suggests.
First, offering a four-day workweek will probably force companies to spend more, possibly a lot more. Adding new workers means putting much more money into providing training and medical benefits. Remember the costs of things like health benefits can be the same whether an employee works four days or five. And having more employees also requires more office space and more computers. These additional costs would quickly cut into company profits.
Second, with respect to overall employment, it doesn't follow that once some employees choose a four-day workweek, many more jobs will become available. Hiring new workers is costly, as I argued a moment ago. And companies have other options. They might just choose to ask their employees to work overtime to make up the difference. Worse, companies might raise expectations. They might start to expect that their four-day employees can do the same amount of work they used to do in five days. If this happens, then no additional jobs will be created and
current jobs will become more unpleasant.
Finally, while a four-day workweek offers employees more free time to invest in their personal lives, it also presents some risks that could end up reducing their quality of life. Working a shorter week can decrease employees' job stability and harm their chances for advancing their careers. Four-day employees are likely to be the first to lose their jobs during an economic downturn. They may also be passed over for promotions because companies might prefer to have five-day employees in management positions to ensure continuous coverage and consistent supervision for the entire workweek.
中文解析：
給雇員提供四天工作日的選擇不會(huì)像閱讀部分上所說(shuō)的對(duì)企業(yè)、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和雇員個(gè)人的生活帶來(lái)積極的影響的。
首先，采用四小時(shí)工作制可能會(huì)對(duì)導(dǎo)致企業(yè)支出增加，甚至大幅增加。增加新的員工以為這要再員工培訓(xùn)和醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)上花費(fèi)更多的錢(qián)。別忘了，無(wú)論是四天工作制還是五天工作制，每個(gè)人在諸如保健福利金方面的花費(fèi)是一樣的。而新增的員工統(tǒng)一也需要更多的工位和更多的電腦。這些額外的支出很快就會(huì)影響到公司的利潤(rùn)。
第二，至于整個(gè)社會(huì)的就業(yè)問(wèn)題，也不是像閱讀部分所說(shuō)的，只要有雇員選擇四天工作制，就會(huì)創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。鑒于我剛才說(shuō)的，雇傭新員工花費(fèi)頗多，很多公司都另作選擇了。他們可能就是要求他們的員工加班已完成任務(wù)差額。甚至公司可能會(huì)提高它們對(duì)員工效率的預(yù)期。它們可能會(huì)要求改成四天工作制的員工完成過(guò)去他們五天完成的任務(wù)。如果這樣，不但沒(méi)有新的工作機(jī)會(huì)，而且現(xiàn) 有的工作也變得不那么令人愉快了。
最后，雖然四天工作日給員工更多的空閑時(shí)間去安排他們的私人生活，但是他們也會(huì)冒有一定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)甚至可能會(huì)降低他們的生活質(zhì)量。時(shí)間較短的工作制將會(huì)降低雇員工作的穩(wěn)定性，同時(shí)阻礙他們事業(yè)的發(fā)展。在面臨經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的時(shí)候，選擇四天工作制的員工將會(huì)首當(dāng)其沖地被裁掉。同時(shí)由于公司更傾向于把管理崗給那些五天工作的員工，這樣四天工作制的員工將會(huì)錯(cuò)失進(jìn)行集會(huì)。企業(yè)正陽(yáng)的考慮是為了保證在整個(gè)工作周期中都有持續(xù)的管理覆蓋和持續(xù)的監(jiān)督機(jī)制。
Question:
Summarize the point made in the lecture ， being sure to explain how the cast doubt on specific points made in the reading passage.
以上就是關(guān)于托福綜合寫(xiě)作在線模考的真題及解析，希望對(duì)你的托福寫(xiě)作有所幫助。