托福閱讀技巧:如何猜測詞義

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    在做托福閱讀題時(shí),經(jīng)常會(huì)有選擇單詞的題目,如果不了解單詞的意思的話做起來就會(huì)有點(diǎn)麻煩了。出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)(www.liuxue86.com)托福頻道小編今天為大家?guī)硎顷P(guān)于托福閱讀的解題技巧-如何猜測生詞的詞義,希望對大家有所幫助!
    一 利用上下文線索猜測詞義
    1.根據(jù)同義、反義關(guān)系猜詞
    Today' s teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their _______ grandparents.
    A. freethinking B. traditional C. old D. happy
    traditional與liberal意思相反,故選B。
    2.根據(jù)句意或段落文章的上、下文猜測詞義
    Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge against those who disliked playing
    together with them or laughed at them.
    A. discouraged B. ashamed C. tired D. separated
    根據(jù)下文的disliked playing together with them判斷此處應(yīng)為“感到孤立”,故選D。
    二 利用構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義
    1.用前、后綴猜測詞義
    英語中的前綴、后綴構(gòu)詞頗多,且特定的綴往往表示特定的含義,把握住這一點(diǎn),可起到以不變應(yīng)萬變的效果。
    1)He had been overworking and fell ill at last.
    overwork是由前綴over-加動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成,over有“超過、過于”之意,overwork意思是“工作過多,勞累過度”。再如,overburden負(fù)擔(dān)過重,overcharge要價(jià)過高,overdo做得過分。英語中常用的前綴還有:
    mis-錯(cuò),誤:misfortune不幸;mislead誤導(dǎo);mismanage處理不當(dāng)
    mid-中央:midnight半夜;midway半路
    under-低于:underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估
    anti-反對:antibody抗體;anticyclone反氣旋;antifreeze防凍劑
    下面劃線單詞為常見后綴派生詞:
    1)You must stop dreaming and face reality.(-ty為名詞的標(biāo)志)
    2)The country is trying to popularize education. (-ize為及物動(dòng)詞的標(biāo)志,再如realize, modernize)
    2.利用合成詞猜測詞義
    Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, and everyone partakes in for fun.
    根據(jù)短語構(gòu)成及上下文意思看,此處partakes in相當(dāng)于takes part in。再如break out-outbreak(名詞爆發(fā)),set out-outset(名詞起始),come in-income(名詞收入) 。
    以上介紹了幾種猜測詞義的方法,相信對同學(xué)們積累詞匯、理解文章意思會(huì)有所幫助。英語學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)日積月累,并時(shí)刻做有心人,發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律,尋找技巧,提高英語水平。
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