在托福閱讀中經(jīng)常見到的介詞短語有哪些

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 在托福閱讀中經(jīng)常見到的介詞短語有哪些,下面從兩方面進(jìn)行介紹。
    一、帶-ing詞尾的介詞
    barring:except,not including除....外
    concerning:about,regarding論及,關(guān)于
    excepting=except
    failing:in default of因缺少...;在缺少。..時(shí)
    following:after in time;as a sequel to在....以后
    including:if we include如果包括我;......包括在內(nèi)
    pending:during/until在.....期間/直到.....為止
    regarding:about,concerning,in respect of
    二、成語介詞
    according tas stated by/ in proportion根據(jù)...../依照.....
    ahead of:further forward in space or time sb/sth; ealier tan sb/sth; further advanced than sb/sth
    along with:in addition to;together with另外,加之,還有
    apart from:exceping,not considering; in addition to除.....外/且莫說;除....之外尚有
    as for:with regard to至于
    as from:on and after(a specified time)從一特定時(shí) 間開始
    as of=as from
    as regards:about,concerning至于,就。..而論
    as twith regard to關(guān)于,至于
    because of:on account of,by reason
    but for:without the help or hindrane etc.of假如沒有....(幫助或障礙等);要不是
    by means of憑借......的方法
    due to,because of由于
    except for:not including,other than除了