雅思聽力:關系詞的妙用

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    在雅思考試中,雅思聽力的重要性是雅思考試重要的一部分,針對網友的意見,出國留學網雅思考試頻道特意整理了有關雅思聽力考試真題、雅思聽力經驗、如何攻克雅思聽力難關等等各類資料。
    一、關系詞的定義和分類
    關系詞,即體現句子之間關系的詞或詞組。也有不少人稱之為信號詞,或者是連接詞。不管在雅思聽說讀寫四門中的任何一門都需要用到這類詞,以使得句子更加流暢,句意更加明晰。分析認為,關系詞可非分兩大類:
    1. 同向關系詞
    同向關系詞,即用上此類詞或詞組,句子內部或句子間的方向沒有發(fā)生改變,只是根據前面的句意進一步延伸和細化。將其歸納為:
    舉例關系詞:for example, for instance, e.g., such as, like, take sth. for example
    類比關系詞:like, alike, similar, same, as
    選擇,并列和遞進關系詞:or, either…or, and, as well, also, besides, apart from, in addition, what’s more, furthermore, moreover (分號;)
    因果關系詞:
    表示由引起的,后接原因的詞或詞組:because,because of,as a result of, as a consequence of, due to, result from, be attributed to, be contributed to, arise from, owing to, thanks to, in that
    表示導致,后接結果的詞或者詞組:so, therefore, thus, as a result, as a consequence, lead to, result in, attribute to, contribute to, give rise to, bring about, generate
    總結關系詞:in conclusion, to conclude, to sum up, in sum, all in all, in brief
    2. 逆向關系詞:
    逆向關系詞,即用上此類詞或詞組,句子內部或句子間的方向發(fā)生改變,前后句子意思形成相反關系??偨Y發(fā)現,這類詞包含:
    否定關系詞:not, none, no, never, non-, dis-, un-, in-, im-, -less, few, little, hardly, barely, seldom, neither…nor
    轉折和讓步關系詞:but, however, yet, nevertheless, nonetheless, in fact, actually, despite, in spite of, although, even though, though
    對比關系詞:unlike,by contrast, in contrast, on the contrary, conversely
    (注:以上各類關系詞中所舉的例子僅僅只是常見的一部分)