教師需要將課本中的核心內(nèi)容整理到教案課件中。如果課本中沒有寫,那么教師需要盡快完成。編寫一個精心制作的教案可以幫助學(xué)生主動學(xué)習(xí)。要編寫一個教案課件,需要遵循哪些步驟呢?我們將從不同的角度對“定語從句課件”進(jìn)行分析和詳細(xì)討論。希望這篇文章能夠?qū)δ兴鶐椭?BR> 定語從句課件 篇1
1 . 關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中做狀語
2 . as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的位置比較靈活,可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后,還可插在主句的中間;而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。例如:
3 . Aseverybodycanseeaswasusual
4 . the restaurant where we had our lunch last time is in tha th street
5 . Theearth,asisknowntousall,turnsaroundthesun
6 . Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwecouldremember
7 . HeisgoingtovisitourschoolinApril,whenhewillgive/deliverusalectureabouthowtolearnEnglish
8 . as和which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句的比較:
9 . ②先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級所修飾時
10 . ThustheArabUmayyeddynastyofcaliphs,whichhadmovedthecapitalfromMedinetoDamascusin,cametoberegardedwithmuchjustificationasaparasiticcliquethathadoutliveditsusefulnessoncetheconquestswerecompleted
定語從句課件 篇2
1 . iamtheonewhowrotetoyou
2 . (介詞+which可以代替where
3 . Thefirstlesson(thatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten
4 . Thatsthereasonforwhichhewaslateforschool
5 . ashasbeensaidbeforeasisreported
6 . (Istillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether
7 . Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard
8 . TheyoungladyactverywellWetalkedaboutherjustnow
9 . Theyoungladywhowetalkedaboutjustnowactsverywell
10 . AscanbeseenasIexpected
定語從句課件 篇3
一、非限制性定語從句與限制性定語從句的區(qū)別
限制性定語從句,顧名思義,是對先行詞從本質(zhì)或特征上進(jìn)行限制的一種定語從句,它所修飾的詞代表一個(些)或一類特定的人或事、物。
例如: A man who doesn’t want to learn from others can’t achieve much. 一個不向別人學(xué)習(xí)的人是不能指望有多大成就的。 A man被限定后,指一類特定的人。
限制性定語從句是不能去掉的,否則剩下的部分就失去意義而不能成立。非限制性定語從句則不然,它只對所修飾的詞作進(jìn)一步的說明,去掉之后并不影響整個句子的含義。在形式上,非限制性定語從句與主句之間通常必須有逗號隔開。
例如: Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam, which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present.
最后我們參觀了長江三峽大壩,它是目前世界上最大的水利樞紐工程。
本句若去掉定語從句,主句部分的含義仍然完整。歷年的高考題中,非限制性定語從句是出現(xiàn)頻率最高的考點之一,因此值得我們注意。
二、引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的which可以指代前面的先行詞,也可以指代前面整個句子。
例如: That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around.
彼特要娶愛麗斯這件事還沒宣布,卻已被傳得沸沸揚揚。
句子中的which指代“彼特要娶愛麗斯”這件事。
三、除which外,還可用when, where, who,whom等關(guān)系副詞或關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。
例如: After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life. 畢業(yè)后,我決定留在重慶,在那里我度過了我的童年和四年大學(xué)生活。 Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States during World War II, when Jews were badly treated in Germany. 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,愛因斯坦離開德國去了美國,那時猶太人在德國受到極大的歧視。 注意:that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。
四、在限制性定語從句中,如果先行詞作賓語時,引導(dǎo)詞可以省略;
但引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞不能省,同時關(guān)系代詞whom不能用who替換。試比較: The American journalist (whom / who) the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters. 播音員在新聞廣播中提到的那位美國記者據(jù)說已經(jīng)被匪徒殺害了。 He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved and respected as his own mother. 他急于想去醫(yī)院看望他的繼母,他像對親生母親一樣愛戴和尊敬她。
鞏固性練習(xí):
從A、B、C、D中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
1. She heard the terrible noise, _____ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what
3. The weather turned out to be very good,____ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it
4. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,____ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
5. The youngest nurse has worked for 30 days in the SARS hospital, ____ she spent her 19th birthday. A. that B. which C. where D. and
(答案bbbc)
定語從句課件 篇4
1 . asyouknowasisexpected
2 . He,whoknowsnothingbutPtendstoknoweverything,isindeedagood-for-nothing不懂裝懂,永世飯桶。
3 . 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句的謂語必須與先行詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。例如:
4 . YesterdayImetLiPing,whoseemedtobeverybusy
5 . Thisisthemanthat//whohelpedme
6 . =ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMrLi(介詞后whom不能省略
7 . Hehadmanyfriends,manyofwhomhadbeenintheuniversities
8 . Hethattravelsfarknowsmuch行萬里者,見多識廣。
9 . ThisisthefactorywhereIworked
10 . that/whichweareinterestedin
定語從句課件 篇5
1 . DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary
2 . ThisisthebookonwhichIspentyuan
3 . (Isthisthefactory_______wevisitedlastweek?
4 . (介詞+which可以代替when
5 . 關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語賓語定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
6 . ⑥先行詞既有人又有物時
7 . Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhichIwasborn北京是我的出生地。
8 . whom指人,作賓語
9 . Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhichhewasborn他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
10 . 將兩個句子中相同的名詞其中一個去掉,將整句挪到那個完整句子的后面,再在中間添上先行詞(關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞)即可
定語從句課件 篇6
一、設(shè)計背景
1. 初步掌握及運用定語從句,如讓學(xué)生用定語從句來完成對人物喜歡的人物進(jìn)行描述,如I like music that I can dance to. She is the only one who’s studying French.等。
2. 本課的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)就是能初步掌握及運用定語從句,為了使學(xué)生順利地完成教學(xué)任務(wù),教師以學(xué)生為主體,為學(xué)生設(shè)計了幾個以他們的認(rèn)知水平出發(fā)的符合生活實際的他們感興趣的一環(huán)扣一環(huán)的子任務(wù),每個子任務(wù)緊緊圍繞總?cè)蝿?wù)展開,再深入,在一個一個完成任務(wù)的活動中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的能力。
二.教學(xué)目標(biāo)
(1)語言目標(biāo):能用定語從句較自如地描述及談?wù)撊撕臀?。在活動中?xùn)練學(xué)生的聽力,口頭表達(dá)能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察,想象和創(chuàng)造力。
(2)情感目標(biāo):促進(jìn)同學(xué)間積極合作交流,發(fā)展同學(xué)間的友誼 。
2.教學(xué)方法 :多媒體的運用能創(chuàng)設(shè)真實的語言情景,學(xué)生也很感興趣,極大地鼓動了學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的積極性,而且呈現(xiàn)在課堂上能使教學(xué)更生活化,也更直觀和具體。
三、教學(xué)方法
以學(xué)生為主體,用多媒體輔助教學(xué),通過幫助學(xué)生理解、歸納、總結(jié)、討論等方式學(xué)習(xí)定語從句,由于本節(jié)課是學(xué)生第一次系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)定語從句,要達(dá)到讓學(xué)生初步掌握定語從句這一目的。
四、學(xué)法指導(dǎo)、自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí)
五、教學(xué)過程
第一環(huán)節(jié): 觀察以下例句:
1.The red pen is broken.
2.The pen on the desk is broken.
3.The pen that I bought yesterday is broken.
導(dǎo)入:通過對定語的理解,導(dǎo)入定語、定語從句的概念,定語:用來修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或句子,當(dāng)修飾詞是一個句子時被稱為定語從句。通常置于它所修飾的詞之后,這種被修飾的詞叫做先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中可用作主語、賓語、定語等,關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中只用作狀語。
例句分析:
I like to have friends who are like me.
I like to have friends who are different from me.
He is the only one who is studying French.
Be careful of the person who doesn’t speak and the dog that doesn’t bark.
You can’t wake up a person who pretends to sleep.
He who can’t get to the Great Wall is not a true man.
I like musicians who play different kinds of music.
Another that he found very difficult is grammar.
The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.
Being a professional athlete is the only thing that I have ever wanted to do.
I like music that I can sing along with.
I like music that has great lyrics.
I like music that I can dance to.
得出結(jié)論1)當(dāng)先行詞是物時
a. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作主語時,用which/that引導(dǎo),且不能省略.b. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作賓語時,用which/that引導(dǎo),且可以省略.
2)當(dāng)先行詞是人時
a. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作主語時,用who/that引導(dǎo),且不能省略.b. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作主語時,用who/that/whom引導(dǎo),且可以省略.
第二環(huán)節(jié):在學(xué)生對定語從句有了初步的了解后,創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,學(xué)以致用,讓學(xué)生分組活動,根據(jù)多媒體呈現(xiàn)的情境,有創(chuàng)造性地造句:
This is a singer who/that …
who is a boy.
who is very shy.
who writes his own songs.
who has a song calledQinghuaci.
Who I like best.
It’s an animal that/which is very strong.
It’s an animal that/which has long nose and big ears.
It’s an animal that/which I like very much.
第三環(huán)節(jié):在學(xué)生對一般的規(guī)律都把握好以后,把學(xué)生的易錯點和定語從句的考點呈現(xiàn)在屏幕上,讓學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察并作出總結(jié),該環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計得很好,很好地訓(xùn)練了學(xué)生的觀察能力和主動探究的能力,效果較好。
仔細(xì)觀察:你會發(fā)現(xiàn)什么?
1) I prefershoesthat are cool.
2) I likea pizzathat is really delicious.
3) I lovesingerswho are beautiful.
4) I havea friendwho plays sports.
學(xué)生觀察后得出的結(jié)論為:
who/that在定語從句中做主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。
定語從句課件 篇7
1 . thebookthatyouborrowedfrommeyesterdayishelens,notmine
2 . 嵌套式定語從句是指一個句子中定語從句套定語從句的情況。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的定語從句其實和自由式定語從句基本相似,拆開來也是一個獨立的定語從句,只不過一個定語從句在另一個定語從句之中而已。因此,其翻譯也與簡單的定語從句相同。這里也僅舉一例加以說明:
3 . Thisisthelasttime(thatIshallgiveyoualesson
4 . Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesn’tknowthis?
5 . ③先行詞被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等不定代詞修飾時
6 . Theearthturnsaroundthesun,whichourparentsoncetolduswhenwewereveryyoung
7 . HelaughedatthegirlThegirlshairwasyellow
8 . 限定性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意義這種從句和主句的關(guān)系十分密切,寫時不用逗號分開
9 . Thehouse(that//whichweliveinisnotlarge
10 . Thisisthefactorythat/whichIvisitedlastweek
定語從句課件 篇8
復(fù)合句(定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句)
定語從句
考點一 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1.whose是一個表示所屬關(guān)系的詞,在定語從句中作定語,of which可以代替whose指物,詞序一般是名詞+of which或of which+名詞。of whom 可以代替whose指人,詞序是名詞+of whom。
2.which,that所代替的先行詞是表示事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等。先行詞既有人又有物時,關(guān)系代詞用that;which代指前面整個句子內(nèi)容。
3.who,whom,that這些詞代替的先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等。
考點二 介詞提前了的定語從句
1.與定語從句中的動詞構(gòu)成搭配。2.與定語從句所修飾的先行詞構(gòu)成搭配。
3.of+which/whom表示所屬關(guān)系。(表所屬關(guān)系也可用whose)考點三 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1.關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作狀語,when指時間,where指地點,why指原因,在定語從句中分別作時間狀語、地點狀語和原因狀語。
2.先行詞是時間名詞或地點名詞時,如果在從句中不作狀語,則不能用when或where引導(dǎo)定語從句,而要用which/that。
考點四 先行詞為point, situation, case等的定語從句
point,situation,case,activity等,從表面上看它們不是表地點的,但卻表示類似地點的意義,因此它們作先行詞時,如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語,那么這個引導(dǎo)詞要用where;如果不作狀語,則用關(guān)系代詞that/which。
名詞性從句
考點一 主語從句
主語從句在主句中作主語,位于主句謂語動詞之前,但多數(shù)情況下由it作形式主語,而把真正的主語放在句子的后面,其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為:It+be+n./adj.+that/whether/why/when+從句。考點二 同位語從句
1.同位語從句常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt 等名詞的后面,是對前面的名詞作進(jìn)一步的解釋,說明前面名詞的具體含義。2.同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別:
同位語從句是對前面名詞的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的解釋、說明,引導(dǎo)詞只起引導(dǎo)作用,不在句中作任何成分,一般不可省略。定語從句是對前面名詞進(jìn)行修飾、限制,引導(dǎo)詞在句中作一定的句子成分??键c三 表語從句
表語從句在句中作表語,位于主句的系動詞之后。引導(dǎo)表語從句的連詞有that,whether,as if;疑問代詞有who,what,which;疑問副詞where,why,when,how等??键c四 “疑問詞+ever”與“no matter+疑問詞”的區(qū)別
“疑問詞+ever”與“no matter+疑問詞”雖然都有“無論……”的意思,但是用法有區(qū)別:“疑問詞+ever”既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句,而“no matter+疑問詞只能用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句。
狀語從句
考點一 時間狀語從句
1.表示時間的狀語從句可以由when,whenever,as,while,before,until,ever since,as soon as等詞引導(dǎo)。
【溫馨提示】when可表原因,意為“既然”。
How can you expect to learn anything when you never listen? 既然你什么也聽不下去你怎么期望學(xué)東西呢?
2.a(chǎn)s soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant,no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)這些從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的從句都表示從句的動作一發(fā)生,主句的動作隨即就發(fā)生,常譯為“一……就……”。從句中用一般時態(tài)代替將來時態(tài)。
3.no sooner...than和hardly...when引導(dǎo)的從句表示“剛……就……”。主句中的動詞一般用過去完成時,從句用過去時。若把no sooner, hardly提到句首,主句須倒裝??键c二 條件狀語從句
1.通常由if,unless如果不,除非,as(so)long as 只要,in case “結(jié)果,萬一”等連詞引導(dǎo)。2.由on condition(that);provided(that);providing(that)(假若;倘使);supposing(that)等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句??键c三 地點狀語從句
1.通常由連詞where和wherever引導(dǎo),從句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。2.地點狀語從句在句首時常兼有抽象條件意味。Where there's a will,there's a way.有志者事竟成??键c四 讓步狀語從句
1.由although,though,as引導(dǎo)的狀語從句although和though同義,用法基本相同。前者較正式,多置于句首;后者較通俗、口語化。
【溫馨提示】 as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句多用于書面語,語序要倒裝。Child as he is, he knows a lot.盡管他是個孩子,但是他知道得很多。
2.even if, even though表示“即使,縱然”,有退一步設(shè)想的意味,多用于書面語中。3.whether(...or)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,提供兩個或兩個以上的假設(shè)。4.由疑問詞+ever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句??键c五 原因狀語從句
原因狀語從句常用because, since, as, for引導(dǎo),還可用now that(既然),considering that...(考慮到……),not that...but that(不是因為……而是因為)等引導(dǎo)。考點六 結(jié)果狀語從句
結(jié)果狀語從句由so that, so...that, such that, such...that等詞引導(dǎo)。
復(fù)合句專項練習(xí)
1.The school shop, ________ customers are mainly students,is closed for the holidays.A.which
B.whose
C.when
D.where 【解析】答案:B 句意:這家校內(nèi)商店放假時關(guān)門,它的顧客主要是學(xué)生。考查定語從句。本句沒有并列連詞也沒有從屬連詞,故可判斷逗號后面是非限制性定語從句;本句先行詞是the school shop,還原到從句后為:The school shop’s customers are mainly students.因此選B,用whose引導(dǎo)定語從句,關(guān)系代詞whose在從句中作定語。
2.The old town has narrow streets and small houses ________ are built close to each other.A.they
B.where
C.what
D.that 【解析】答案:D 句意:這個古老的小鎮(zhèn)擁有建造得彼此靠得很近的狹窄街道和小房子。本題考查定語從句。先行詞是narrow streets and small houses,還原到從句中作主語,所以用關(guān)系代詞that。A和C不能引導(dǎo)定語從句;B是關(guān)系副詞,不能作主語。3.Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ________ she spoke fluently.A.who
B.whom
C.which
D.that 【解析】答案:C 句意:Julie擅長德語、法語和俄語,所有的(三門語言)她都說得很流利。先行詞為German,F(xiàn)rench,Russian,代入定語從句后為:She spoke all of the three languages fluently.由此可見,先行詞在定語從句中作of的賓語,先行詞指“物”,且介詞提前,故用which。4.Mother bought many tomatoes from the market two days ago, ________ some have gone bad due to the bad weather.A.of those
B.from which
C.of which
D.in which 【解析】答案:C 考查定語從句。此處表示“其中的一些西紅柿”,故用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。
5.As a teacher, I seldom give my students so difficult a problem ________ they cannot work out.A.that
B.if
C.in order that
D.as 【解析】 答案:D 句意:作為老師,我很少給我的學(xué)生難以解決的問題。先行詞為so difficult a problem,代入定語從句后為:They cannot work out so difficult a problem.由此可見先行詞在定語從句中作賓語?!皊o或such+名詞”作先行詞、且先行詞在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語時,需用as引導(dǎo)定語從句。本題易誤選為A項,用that引導(dǎo)狀語從句,但狀語從句應(yīng)是完整的,所以,如選A項,題干應(yīng)該為:As a teacher,I seldom give my students so difficult a problem that they cannot work it out.作為老師,我很少給我的學(xué)生如此難的問題以至他們不能解決。
6.It is still under discussion ___ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A.whether
B.when
C.which
D.where 【解析】答案:A 本題考查名詞性從句。句意:那個舊公交車站是否應(yīng)該被一家現(xiàn)代化賓館所取代仍在討論中?!癐t”作形式主語,“________ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not”作真正的主語。根據(jù)句意及題干中的“or not”可知答案為whether,“whether...or not”在名詞性從句中意為:是否。
7.She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do ________ it takes to save her life.A.whichever
B.however
C.whatever
D.whoever 【解析】答案:C 句意:她對我們彌足珍貴。我們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好盡一切努力挽救她的生命。這里的whatever既作take的賓語,也引導(dǎo)do后的賓語從句。
8.Being angry is OK, but knowing how to tell someone ________ made you angry is important.A.that
B.which
C.why
D.what 【解析】答案:D 考查名詞性從句。句意:生氣沒什么,但是知道如何告訴別人什么導(dǎo)致你生氣是很重要的。tell someone之后是賓語從句,且從句缺少主語,因此空處填what。9.In recent years, there has been a heated argument about ________ it is necessary for children to learn English from an early age.A.whether
B.if
C.what
D.that 【解析】答案:A 考查賓語從句??瞻滋幵诮樵~about之后,表示“是否”之意,且在介詞之后引導(dǎo)賓語從句,只能用whether,介詞后通常不用if引導(dǎo)賓語從句。
10.The whole family were worried about Jane because no one was aware ________ she had gone.A.that where
B.of the place which
C.of what
D.of where 【解析】答案:D 句意:全家人都為詹妮擔(dān)心,因為沒人知道她去哪里了。be aware of知道,為固定搭配;where引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞of的賓語。
11.He had no sooner finished his speech ________ the students started cheering.A.since
B.as
C.when
D.than 【解析】答案:D 本題考查固定句式。句意:他剛做完演講,學(xué)生們就開始?xì)g呼起來。no sooner往往與than連用,意為:一……就……。故答案為D項。
12.As is reported, it is 100 years ________ Qinghua University was founded.A.when
B.before
C.after
D.since 【解析】答案:D 考查狀語從句。句意:據(jù)報道,自從清華大學(xué)成立已經(jīng)有100年了。這里用句式“It be+一段時間+since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句”表示“自從……(到現(xiàn)在)有多長時間了”。
13.No matter how ________, it is not necessarily lifeless.A.a desert may be dry
B.dry a desert may be C.may a desert be dry
D.dry may a desert be 【解析】答案:B 本題考查讓步狀語從句。句意:無論沙漠可能會多么干燥,那里也未必沒有生命?!皀o matter how+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語”構(gòu)成讓步狀語從句。四個選項中只有B項符合要求。
14.Having checked everything, he sat down to do his homework, ________ he heard a lightening strike the electricity pole in the backyard.A.for
B.when
C.or
D.but 【解析】答案:B 考查連詞。句意:檢查了所有的東西之后,他坐下來開始寫作業(yè),這時他聽到閃電擊中了后院的電線桿的聲音。此處用when表示“這時”。
15.If you are traveling __ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.A.in which
B.what
C.when
D.where 【解析】答案:D 句意:如果你正在一個風(fēng)俗迥異的地方旅行,請入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句;A項in which在定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,缺少先行詞,所以不正確。16.--Could you please cut the price a little?--Er...________ you buy more than ten.A.even if
B.so long as
C.in case
D.as soon as 【解析】答案:B 句意:— 你能降一點價嗎?— 呃……只要你買十個以上。so long as只要;even if即便,即使;in case以防萬一;as soon as一……就……。
17.It was foolish of you to take a taxi ________ you could easily walk there in five minutes.A.though
B.as long as
C.so that
D.when 【解析】答案:D 考查連詞。句意:你五分鐘就可以走到那兒的,可你還打的去,真是太傻了。根據(jù)語意可知此處用when引導(dǎo)狀語從句,意為“既然,考慮到”。though意為“盡管,雖然”;as long as意為“只要”;so that意為“為了”,都不符合題意。18.________ one is fully prepared, out door sports can sometimes mean injuries.A.Until
B.Because
C.When
D.Unless 【解析】答案:D 考查連詞辨析。句意:要是沒有充分準(zhǔn)備的話,戶外運動有時會意味著受傷。根據(jù)語意選D項,表示“如果不……;除非……”。
19.There she was, standing exactly ________ I had left her, crying bitterly.A.when
B.that
C.where
D.in which 5 【解析】答案:C 考查狀語從句。句意:她就站在我剛才離開她的那個地方悲痛地哭。where I had left her是地點狀語從句。
20.The new teacher was so well organized that she began ________ we stopped yesterday so that no point was left out.A.when
B.in which
C.how
D.where 【解析】答案:D 考查狀語從句。句意:這位新老師條理非常清楚,她從我們昨天停止的地方開始,沒有遺漏要點。where we stopped yesterday是狀語從句。21.--Could you do me a favour?
--It depends on ________ it is.A.which
B.whichever
C.what
D.whatever 【解析】答案:C what在此導(dǎo)賓語從句,what在賓語從句中用作表語,句意為:這要看是什么(即這要看你要我?guī)褪裁疵?。
22.________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A.No matter what
B.No matter which
C.Whatever
D.whichever 【解析】答案:D 從句意上看,應(yīng)一個表示“無論哪一個”的選項,因此B和D比較合適,但No matter which只用于引導(dǎo)狀語從句,不用于引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,故不能選B。23.--It’s thirty years since we last met.--But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ________ we got lost on a rainy night.A.which
B.that
C.what
D.when 【解析】答案:B that在此引導(dǎo)同位=語從句,修飾名詞the story。此題的難點是,其中插入了believe it or not,使問題變得復(fù)雜了。
24.See the flags on top of the building? That was ________ we did this morning.A.when
B.which
C.where
D.what 【解析】答案:D what在此引導(dǎo)表語從句,同時what在表語從句中用作動詞did的賓語,其意相當(dāng)于did the thing that。
25.A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.A.if
B.when
C.that
D.which 【解析】答案:C that在此引導(dǎo)同位語從句,修飾名詞thought。此題的難點是,名詞thought與修飾它的同位語從句被分離開了。
26.The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.6 A.which was
B.it was
C.which were
D.them were
【解析】答案:C 容易誤選A 或B, 將A、B 中的 which和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語。around which were high mountains是一個由 “介詞+which” 引出的非限制性定語從句,而在該從句中,主語是 high mountains, around which是表語,所以句子謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were,而不是用單數(shù) was。
請做下面一組題(答案均為C):
(1)Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.A.which is
B.it is
C.which are
D.them are(2)The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.A.which are
B.it is
C.which is
D.them are(3)Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food.A.which are
B.it is
C.which is
D.them are 27.A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”
A.that
B.which
C.where
D.what
【解析】答案:C 容易誤選 B,認(rèn)為around 是介詞,選which用以代替前面的名詞hospital, 在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。以上語法分析并不算錯,但問題是,照此分析,此句的意思即為:有沒有這樣一個醫(yī)院,我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷?這樣的語境顯然有點不合情理,因為人們通常是在醫(yī)院里面治傷,而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C的理由是:句中的 around 不是介詞,而是副詞, 意為 “在附近”;其后的 where引導(dǎo)定語從句用以修飾其前的地點名詞 hospital, 句意為:附近有沒有一家醫(yī)院,我可以去買藥治我的手傷? 28._____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It
B.As
C.That
D.What
【解析】答案:B 容易誤選 A,認(rèn)為此處應(yīng)填一個形式主語。as 引導(dǎo)的是一個非限制性定語從句。比較下面一題:
_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It
B.As
C.That
D.What
此題答案選 A,it為形式主語,真正的主語是后面的 that 從句。再比較下面一組題,其中第(1)題選 B,第(2)題選 D:
7(1)______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A.Which
B.As
C.That
D.It(2)______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A.Which
B.As
C.That
D.It 29.Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.A.which
B.when
C.how
D.where 【解析】答案:A which 在定語從句中用作主語。
30.Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.A.where
B.when
C.that
D.which 【解析】答案:A where 在定語從句中用作狀語。
附加題
1.David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.A.that
B.who
C.as
D.whom 【陷阱】此題容易誤選A,許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such,再聯(lián)系到選項中的 that,便認(rèn)為這是考查such…… that ……句式。況且,這樣理解意思也還通順。最佳答案為C, 不是A, 因為在such…… that ……(如此……以至……)結(jié)構(gòu)中,that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句,并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分,若在上句填入 such …… that ……,句末的動詞 like 缺賓語。選C 的理由如下:as用作關(guān)系代詞,用以引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾其前的名詞 boy,同時 as在定語從句中用作動詞 like 的賓語,句意為 “所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學(xué)可能還會問,假若選A, 能否將其后的 that 視為引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞呢?不能,因為當(dāng)先行詞受到 such 的修飾時,其后的定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 as 來引導(dǎo),而不用that。比較下面一題,答案為A, 因為 like 后有自己的賓語 him。David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.A.that
B.who
C.as
D.whom 請再做以下試題(答案選D):
It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.A.like
B.that
C.which
D.as 2.The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.that
B.it
C.them
D.which
【陷阱】容易誤選 C, 用 them 代指 the buses。最佳答案是D。most of which were already full為非限制性定語從句,修飾 the buses。類似地,以下各題也選D。
8(1)His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A.that
B.it
C.them
D.which(2)Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.A.that
B.it
C.them
D.which
(3)This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.A.that
B.it
C.them
D.which 類似地, 以下各題選 whom, 不選 them:(4)George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A.that
B.him
C.them
D.whom
(5)Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A.that
B.who
C.them
D.whom(6)I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.A.that
B.who
C.them
D.whom 3.He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.A.whom
B.them
C.which
D.who
【陷阱】容易誤選 B,用 them 代指 students。最佳答案是A,many of whom gained great success in their own field為非限制性定語從句。假若在many of ……的前面加上連詞and,則選答案B.比較以下各題(答案均選A):(1)He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.A.which
B.them
C.what
D.that
(2)He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.A.them
B.which
C.what
D.that(3)He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A.whom
B.them
C.which
D.who(4)He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of ____ knew anything about the other.A.them
B.whom
C.which
D.who 4.He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.A.whom
B.them
C.which
D.who
【陷阱】容易誤選 A, 認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句。最佳答案是B, 這不是非限制性定語從 句,而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),因為空格后的動詞 invited并不是一個完整的謂語,而是一個 過去分詞。當(dāng)然,假若在 invited前加上助動詞 were, 則是一個非限制性定語從句, 答案
便應(yīng)選A。比較:
(1)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.A.which
B.them
C.what
D.that 答案選B, none of them carried out in their work是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),carried out 為過去分詞。
(2)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _____ were carried out in their work.A.which
B.them
C.what
D.that 答案選A, none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定語從句,注意與上例比較 句中多了一個助動詞were.(3)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of __ were carried out in their work.A.which
B.them
C.what
D.that
答案選B, 由于兩句之間增加了一個并列連詞but, 使得該句成了一個并列句。
5.On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, ____ parents seated together joking.A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 【陷阱】容易誤選, 認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句。最佳答案是A。與上面一題相似,their parents seated together joking不是非限制性定語從句,而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),因為空格后 的動詞seated不是謂語,而是一個過去分詞,因為 seat 作動詞用時,是及物動詞。比較以 下相似題:
(1)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 選B。whose parents were seated together joking 為非限制性定語從句,因為其后有完整的謂語 were seated.(2)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 選A。因為句中有并列連詞and, 整個句子為并列句。
(3)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking.A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 選A。their parents sitting together joking 為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
(4)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, ____ parents sat together joking.A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 10 選B。whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語從句,因為句中有完整的謂語sat。(5)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.A.their
B.whose
C.which
D.that 選B。whose parents were sitting together joking為非限制性定語從句,因為句中有完整的謂語 were sitting。
6.If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.A.as
B.which
C.what
D.that
【陷阱】容易誤選A 或B, 認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句。正確答案為D,注意逗號前是一個條件狀語從句,逗號后是該狀語從句的主句,that在此代表前文所述的情況,用作主句的主語。類似地,下面幾道題也選 that, 而不選 which:(1)If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.A.as
B.which
C.and it
D.that(2)If you want a double room, _____ will cost another£15.A.as
B.which
C.what
D.that(3)Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.A.that
B.which
C.and it
D.so(4)When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.A.as
B.which
C.what
D.that 7.She says that she’ll never forget the time _ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.A.which
B.when
C.how
D.where 【陷阱】容易誤選B, 機械地認(rèn)為時間名詞后必須用關(guān)系副詞when,地點名詞后用關(guān)系副詞 where.正確答案為A.在時間名詞和地點名詞后是否用關(guān)系副詞要看它在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么句子成分。一般說來,若用作主語或賓語,用關(guān)系代詞;若用作狀語,則用關(guān)系副詞。上面一題中的動詞 spent缺賓語,故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 which或that。比較下面一組題:(1)She says that she’ll never forget the time _______ she works as a secretary in our company.A.which
B.when
C.how
D.where 選B。由于空格后的句子不缺少主語或賓語,所以選關(guān)系副詞when。(2)Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.A.which
B.when
C.how
D.where 選A。which在定語從句中用作動詞 bought 的賓語。
定語從句課件 篇9
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1. 知識目標(biāo):掌握下列重點單詞和詞組的意思及用法ache, evercise, weight, give up, interest及其詞匯轉(zhuǎn)化
2. 能力目標(biāo):能夠詢問有關(guān)健康的信息,表達(dá)態(tài)度,提供建議。學(xué)習(xí)使用由whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
3.情感目標(biāo):通過了解tony 的經(jīng)歷,培養(yǎng)體諒、關(guān)愛他人的情感態(tài)度。
教學(xué)重難點
1.重點:對話中的句型應(yīng)用,由whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句
2.難點:由whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句的運用。
教學(xué)工具
課件
教學(xué)過程
[課前朗讀]: 朗讀生詞ache, exercise, weight, give up, interest, tasty----taste, menu, persuade.根據(jù)音標(biāo)讀出單詞并了解漢語意思,養(yǎng)成學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)詞匯的習(xí)慣,促使學(xué)生迅速進(jìn)入學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)。
[檢查詞匯預(yù)習(xí)]:
a.采取學(xué)生結(jié)對、小組互查等形式來檢查學(xué)生對詞匯的預(yù)習(xí)情況。
b.朗讀單詞,注意發(fā)音。
一、情境導(dǎo)入
教師可問學(xué)生:(1)What’s your favourite sport?(2) How do you think we can keep fit?(3) Have you ever remembered what happened to Tony in Module9?這樣會調(diào)動學(xué)生用英語思維的積極性, 引出本單元話題。
二、小聽力(自主完成,合作釋疑)
聽Activity 2,完成表格
Betty
Lingling
Taijiquan
Weight
training
Running
針對表格進(jìn)行說的練習(xí)。如:How does Lingling think of Taijiquan and running?
三、大聽力 多層聽
1.聽Activity 3,完成下列各題。
1).Who has Betty bumped into?
A. The head teacher B. The English teacher C.Lingling and Betty
2).Does Daming think that the boy in his team can go to a sports school ?
A. Yes, he does B. No, he doesn’t C. We don’t know
3).What does Daming want the head teacher to write ?
A. Something about staying healthy
B. Something about training for the Olympics
C. something about buying a camera
2. 再聽Activity 3,完成下列表格。
1. How did Tony feel
the basketball training? 1. He feels very
2. What will the boy in Daming’s team need to do? 2. He needs to do a lot of___ _____
3. Why isn’t allowed to use his father’s camera any more? 3. Because he almost __ ______ it last time.
四、默讀對話,自主完成Activity 4.
完成后小組展示并糾正。小組間合作解決activity 3中不懂的地方,教師適時點撥。
五、突破重點與難點
對重點內(nèi)容和疑難問題進(jìn)行合作探究學(xué)習(xí)。
1.My legs ache a bit. ___________________(翻譯)
(1) a bit 譯為_____________. 其同義短語是___________.
自主造句:_______________________________.
2. Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.__________________________.
give up, 放棄。其中up是代詞,后跟名詞作賓語時可放在短語 ,也可放在 ,而跟代詞賓語時只能放 。例如:give it/them up放棄做某事----give up doing sth.
自主造句: _______________________.
我們學(xué)過的可加動名詞的動詞或短語有
3.He is not fit or strong enough.____________________________
總結(jié)enough 的用法并舉例
自主造句:
4. I’ve got a friend whose brother is training for the Olympics.此句含有一個whose 引導(dǎo)的定語從句,whose在從句中作定語,又如:
He is the only student in our class whose father is a policeman.
There is a boy whose parents want him to go to a sports school.
先行詞為無生命的物體時也可以用whose 引導(dǎo)定語從句.如:
The book whose cover is green is mine.
No one now lives in the room whose windows are broken.
5.找出含有whose 的定語從句并翻譯句子。分析定語從句的先行詞。
5. 自主補充完善
六、歸納短語
通過對對話的學(xué)習(xí),讓學(xué)生歸納本課的短語,可以小組合作,然后通過展示呈現(xiàn)出一個小組的成果,然后其他小組補充完善。
七、誦讀積累
(一)跟錄音機朗讀對話,模仿語音語調(diào)。
(二)讀熟對話
(三)讀爛短語
(四)讀爛下列重點句子
1.Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.
2. He isn’t fit or strong enough.
3.I’m not allowed to use it any more.
4.It’s my father who gives me my pocket money.
5. Don’t talk to me about that.
6. What’s up?
7.Guess what?
8. (含有whose的定語從句)
八、說的訓(xùn)練:
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Activity 5.
九、當(dāng)堂檢測
翻譯下列短語及句子:
1.放棄___________________
2.一點_____________________________
3.保持健康 _______________
4.足夠強壯_________________
5.碰巧遇到_________________
6.發(fā)生什么事了?_________________
7.看起來像 ________________
8.祝你好運 ________________
定語從句課件 篇10
一、設(shè)計背景
1. 初步掌握及運用定語從句,如讓學(xué)生用定語從句來完成對人物喜歡的人物進(jìn)行描述,如I like music that I can dance to. She is the only one who’s studying French.等。
2.本課的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)就是能初步掌握及運用定語從句,為了使學(xué)生順利地完成教學(xué)任務(wù),教師以學(xué)生為主體,為學(xué)生設(shè)計了幾個以他們的認(rèn)知水平出發(fā)的符合生活實際的他們感興趣的一環(huán)扣一環(huán)的子任務(wù),每個子任務(wù)緊緊圍繞總?cè)蝿?wù)展開,再深入,在一個一個完成任務(wù)的活動中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的能力。
二.教學(xué)目標(biāo)
(1)語言目標(biāo):能用定語從句較自如地描述及談?wù)撊撕臀?。在活動中?xùn)練學(xué)生的聽力,口頭表達(dá)能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察,想象和創(chuàng)造力。
(2)情感目標(biāo):促進(jìn)同學(xué)間積極合作交流,發(fā)展同學(xué)間的友誼 。
2.教學(xué)方法:多媒體的運用能創(chuàng)設(shè)真實的語言情景,學(xué)生也很感興趣,極大地鼓動了學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的積極性,而且呈現(xiàn)在課堂上能使教學(xué)更生活化,也更直觀和具體。
三、教學(xué)方法
以學(xué)生為主體,用多媒體輔助教學(xué),通過幫助學(xué)生理解、歸納、總結(jié)、討論等方式學(xué)習(xí)定語從句,由于本節(jié)課是學(xué)生第一次系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)定語從句,要達(dá)到讓學(xué)生初步掌握定語從句這一目的。
四、學(xué)法指導(dǎo)、自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí)
五、教學(xué)過程
第一環(huán)節(jié): 觀察以下例句:
1.The red pen is broken.
2.The pen on the desk is broken.
3.The pen that I bought yesterday is broken.
導(dǎo)入:通過對定語的理解,導(dǎo)入定語、定語從句的概念,定語:用來修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或句子,當(dāng)修飾詞是一個句子時被稱為定語從句。通常置于它所修飾的詞之后,這種被修飾的詞叫做先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中可用作主語、賓語、定語等,關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中只用作狀語。
例句分析:
I like to have friends who are like me.
I like to have friends who are different from me.
He is the only one who is studying French.
Be careful of the person who doesn’t speak and the dog that doesn’t bark.
You can’t wake up a person who pretends to sleep.
He who can’t get to the Great Wall is not a true man.
I like musicians who play different kinds of music.
Another that he found very difficult is grammar.
The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.
Being a professional athlete is the only thing that I have ever wanted to do.
I like music that I can sing along with.
I like music that has great lyrics.
I like music that I can dance to.
得出結(jié)論1)當(dāng)先行詞是物時
a. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作主語時,用which/that引導(dǎo),且不能省略.b. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作賓語時,用which/that引導(dǎo),且可以省略.
2)當(dāng)先行詞是人時
a. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作主語時,用who/that引導(dǎo),且不能省略.b. 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作主語時,用who/that/whom引導(dǎo),且可以省略.
第二環(huán)節(jié):在學(xué)生對定語從句有了初步的了解后,創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,學(xué)以致用,讓學(xué)生分組活動,根據(jù)多媒體呈現(xiàn)的情境,有創(chuàng)造性地造句:
This is a singer who/that …
who is a boy.
who is very shy.
who writes his own songs.
who has a song called Qinghuaci.
Who I like best.
It’s an animal that/which is very strong.
It’s an animal that/which has long nose and big ears.
It’s an animal that/which I like very much.
第三環(huán)節(jié): 在學(xué)生對一般的規(guī)律都把握好以后,把學(xué)生的易錯點和定語從句的考點呈現(xiàn)在屏幕上,讓學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察并作出總結(jié),該環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計得很好,很好地訓(xùn)練了學(xué)生的觀察能力和主動探究的能力,效果較好。
仔細(xì)觀察:你會發(fā)現(xiàn)什么?
1) I prefer shoes that are cool.
2) I like a pizza that is really delicious.
3) I love singers who are beautiful.
4) I have a friend who plays sports.
學(xué)生觀察后得出的結(jié)論為:
who/that在定語從句中做主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。
第四環(huán)節(jié):小節(jié)本堂課的內(nèi)容
什么是定語 ?
什么是定語從句?
定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么?
關(guān)系詞有幾重作用?
此環(huán)節(jié)讓學(xué)生對所學(xué)的知識加以升華,并在大腦里形成知識框架,把知識系統(tǒng)化。
第五五環(huán)節(jié):鞏固練習(xí)---以檢查學(xué)生是否真正掌握本堂課的知識,實踐證明,學(xué)生掌握得很好。
第六環(huán)節(jié):合作探究
留給學(xué)生的問題
1.如果先行詞既有人又有物,用什么關(guān)系詞?
2.如果先行詞是時間,用什么關(guān)系詞?
3.如果先行詞是地點,用什么關(guān)系詞?
4.關(guān)系詞whose怎么用?
通過此環(huán)節(jié)給學(xué)生留下思維拓展的空間,也為以后的學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊,體現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)的延續(xù)性。
課堂小結(jié):通過例子讓學(xué)生總結(jié)定語從句的規(guī)律和特點,同時總結(jié)不同關(guān)系詞的用法。在這節(jié)課中,學(xué)生對定語從句這一語法項目有了不同程度的鞏固和深化。
六、課后反思:
優(yōu)點:本節(jié)課教學(xué)目標(biāo)明確,條理清楚,板書設(shè)計合理,教學(xué)內(nèi)容緊扣學(xué)生生活實際,學(xué)生在教師的引導(dǎo)下自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí),較好地歸納了定語從句的特殊用法,并能用定語從句寫文章,完成了學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。
不足:
1、在引入部分沒有充分引導(dǎo)學(xué)生把他們描述圖片的簡單句用關(guān)系詞合并為定語從句。
2、最后一個環(huán)節(jié)用定語從句翻譯文章時間安排不足,應(yīng)多用二至三分鐘的時間對學(xué)生的翻譯進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步分析總結(jié),讓學(xué)生提出更多的修改意見。教學(xué)機智:本節(jié)課學(xué)生在歸納特殊用法時,提出了設(shè)計內(nèi)容之外的規(guī)律,教師能給予肯定,并提出在下一教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)一步討論。能夠放手讓學(xué)生發(fā)表不同的意見,并適時進(jìn)行點播。
再教設(shè)計:第一環(huán)節(jié)討論圖片,把學(xué)生說出的簡單句寫在黑板上讓學(xué)生改為復(fù)合句,使引入部分目標(biāo)更明確。最后翻譯文章留出十分鐘時間讓更多學(xué)生展示范文,師生共同提出修改意見。
定語從句課件 篇11
以定語從句的形式合并這兩句The factory lies in the west of the city. His father has ever worked there.
定語從句,就是兩句話合成一句話.第一句話中有個the factory,第二句話中有there 但這個there 所指的就是the factory.照答案的意思就是將句子改成意思為“這個我爸爸曾工作過的工廠坐落在城市的西邊”,所以可以定下先行詞,就是the factory.在此,我想說一句在難度不大的句子中,必須先找到先行詞,一般來說,先行詞比較好找,你可以翻譯兩句話的意思,再考慮這兩句話的相同處.把你的句子作為例句吧.第一句:這個工廠坐落在城市的西邊.第二句,我爸爸曾在這里(這個工廠)工作.兩句話的相同處為工廠,那么可以確定先行詞為the factory..(也可以找兩句話中相同的詞,不過不太實用,像對于你的這個例子就不實用)那么第一句話不變,我們把第二句話話原是先行詞(The factory)的部分去掉(就是把第二句的there去掉),然后,把修改過的第二句話移到第一句話的先行詞后,并在第一句話的先行詞后加上一個合適的關(guān)系代詞(如that which where who why 等),那么就是【先行詞+ 關(guān)系代詞+定語從句(也就是修改后的第二句話)】當(dāng)然,修改后的第二句話之后還要跟上第一句話的剩下部分,這樣一個基本的定語從句就完成了.
接下來是關(guān)于選擇合適的關(guān)系代詞的問題.我們要考慮先行詞在定語從句中的成分.在例句中,也就是找出the factory 在第二句話中所做的成分.因為有there ,這很好判斷,就是地點狀語,所以,關(guān)系代詞只能用where.這樣就可以確定關(guān)系代詞了.
若為時間狀語,用when;原因狀語,用why;
當(dāng)先行詞是人且先行詞在定語從句中做主語,關(guān)系代詞可用who that
當(dāng)先行詞是人且在定語從句中做賓語,關(guān)系代詞:who that whom或省略不用
還有情況,就是關(guān)系代詞只能用that 、which 、whom 、who、why、when、where的情況,因為太長,而且,語從句在句中做定語,修飾一個名詞或代詞,被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常
出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后,由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞)引出。
關(guān)系代詞有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中作主語和賓語。例如:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想見的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
2) whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語, 若指物,它還可以同of which互換)。例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3)which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作賓語)
The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語)
關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。
1)關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu),因此常常和“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。
Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?
2)that代替關(guān)系副詞,可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介+which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句,在口語中that常被省略。例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.
他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。
方法一: 用關(guān)系代詞,還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語,就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 這是我去年呆過的山村。
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記與你共事的日子。
判斷改錯:
(錯) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(錯) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(對) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(對) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
習(xí)慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。
方法二: 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中,所缺部分為賓語,而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表語,又可做從句的賓語,可以省略關(guān)系代詞,所以應(yīng)選D。
而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語表地點,既可用副詞where,又因 in the museum詞組,可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點狀語。而此題中,介詞on 用的不對,所以選A。
關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分,先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時,選擇關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行詞在從句中做狀語時,應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞 ( where 地點狀語,when 時間狀語,why 原因狀語) 。
1) 定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明確;非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明,去掉了也不會影響主句的意思,它與主句之間通常用逗號分開。例如:
This is the house which we bought last month. 這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。(限制性)
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
2) 當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時,其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的。例如:
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理史密斯去年退休了,他曾經(jīng)是我的'老師。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很動人,我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。
3) 非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進(jìn)行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。例如:
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎沒抓住我的意思,這使我心煩。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝?,這就叫做蒸發(fā)。
說明:關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。
1)介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。
2)that前不能有介詞。
3)某些在從句中充當(dāng)時間,地點或原因狀語的“介詞+關(guān)系詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when 和where 互換。例如:
This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 這是我兩年前住過的房子。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
由as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句,as和which可代整個主句,相當(dāng)于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。例如:
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我們所知,吸煙有害健康。
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太陽使地球暖起來,這對我們?nèi)祟惡苤匾?BR> 1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
答案C. 此為非限定性從句,不能用 that修飾,而用which.,it 和he 都使后句成為句子,兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。
2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
答案B。which可代替句子,用于非限定性定語從句,而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句,it不為連詞,使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。
3)It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..
答案B. as 和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時,這兩個關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達(dá)的整個意思,且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點:
(1)as 引導(dǎo)的定語從句可置于句首,而which不可。
(2) as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時,從句中的謂語必須是系動詞;若為行為動詞,則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which.。在本題中,prevent由于是行為動詞,所以正確選項應(yīng)為B。
例1. the same…as;such…as 中的as 是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu), 和……一樣……。例如:
I have got into the same trouble as he (has). 我碰到了跟他一樣的麻煩。
例2. as可引導(dǎo)非限制性從句,常帶有'正如'。例如:
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我們所知,吸煙有害健康。
As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As是關(guān)系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語;例2中,它充當(dāng)從句的主語,謂語動詞know要用被動式。
1) Whoever spits in public will be punished here. (Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)
2) The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)
18.8 what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever
1)what = the thing which;whatever = anything。例如:
What you want has been sent here. 你要的動詞都送來了。
Whatever you want makes no difference to me. 不管你要什么,跟我沒什么關(guān)系。
2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who。例如:
(錯)Who breaks the law will be punished.
(錯)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.
(對)Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 王子犯法,與庶民同罪。
(對)Who robbed the bank is not clear. 誰搶了銀行還不清楚。
當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)定語從句時,通常用作關(guān)系代詞,而引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時,是個不充當(dāng)任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that常可省略。What只能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,用作連接代詞,作從句的具體成分,且不能省略。例如:
I think(that)you will like the stamps. 我想你會喜歡這些郵票的。
What we need is more practice. 我們需要的是更多的實踐。
a) 引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時。例如:
(錯)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b) 介詞后不能用。例如:
We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我們依賴土地獲得食物。
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
a) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which。
b) 在不定代詞,如:anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時,只用that,不用which。
c) 先行詞有the only, the very修飾時,只用that。
d) 先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時,只用that。.
e) 先行詞既有人,又有物時。例如:
All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油問題。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。
定語從句課件 篇12
提倡任務(wù)型教學(xué)活動,是為了讓學(xué)生們在教師的指導(dǎo)下,通過感知,體驗,實踐,參與合作等方式,力求最大限度地把語言能力的培養(yǎng)落實到教學(xué)過程的每一個環(huán)節(jié),逐步實現(xiàn)預(yù)定的任務(wù)目標(biāo)并感受成功。我在這堂課的設(shè)計里要求自己新穎別致,突出故事的完整性,要有一氣呵成的感覺,重點落實,定語從句自始至終貫穿每個環(huán)節(jié),活而不亂,生動有趣,貼近生活,氣氛活躍。能發(fā)揮學(xué)生們的主體互動性和能動性,在完成任務(wù)的過程中能積極參與。課后感覺任務(wù)型教學(xué)有所體現(xiàn),學(xué)生們積極性高,參與面廣,訓(xùn)練量較大,能初步運用定語從句。
但在教學(xué)過程中,我意識到:有個別學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)太差,雖在課堂中他們也積極參與,但有時很盲目,甚至不知道老師和同學(xué)們在進(jìn)行什么內(nèi)容,從他們的目光和神態(tài)中,我了解到他們對知識的渴求,我暗自告訴自己,一定要幫助他們,這很難,但一定要堅持,決不放棄。
定語從句課件 篇13
一、語法分析
本課時的內(nèi)容是高中英語必修一Unit4的語法第一課時,初次導(dǎo)入含引導(dǎo)詞who, which, that的定語從句,這里的定語從句出現(xiàn)得比較凌亂,因此我把這些語法整合起來教學(xué),讓學(xué)生有個完整的認(rèn)識。定語從句對于高中英語來說是一個非常重要的語法點,它在高中英語學(xué)習(xí)中所占的比例也是舉足輕重的,無論單選還是在閱讀理解中,它都無所不在。甚至在作文中,輕輕松松的寫出幾個定語從句,就能為你的作文添光加彩。因此,我們要對它進(jìn)行著重的講解。
二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1)知識目標(biāo):
A. 掌握定語從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法。
B. 掌握定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞who, which和that的基本用法。
2)能力目標(biāo):
A. 能口頭上用簡單的定語從句描述人或物。
B. 能在筆頭上用定語從句描述人或物。
3)情感目標(biāo):
A、通過小組合作學(xué)習(xí)調(diào)動學(xué)習(xí)積極性,使學(xué)生體會到英語的趣味和實用性。
B、激發(fā)和培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的興趣,建立學(xué)習(xí)英語的成就感和自信心,使學(xué)生學(xué)在其中,樂在其中。
4)、學(xué)習(xí)策略目標(biāo)
A、 興趣教學(xué)策略,其中包括表演、對話
B、通過小組討論,培養(yǎng)良好的總結(jié)能力及合作精神
三、教學(xué)重點及難點
1、教學(xué)重點
1). 引導(dǎo)詞which, who及 that的基本用法。
2). 復(fù)習(xí)和鞏固定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法。
2、教學(xué)難點
1)引導(dǎo)詞that的特殊用法。
2)學(xué)會運用定語從句造句。
四、學(xué)情分析
我們高一基礎(chǔ)班的孩子大體上存在這樣的'毛?。?BR> 1、沒有英語學(xué)習(xí)興趣,而且很有自己的小個性,需要通過他們喜歡的話題來激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)興趣;
2、初中的英語基礎(chǔ)沒打扎實,導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)在高一的課聽不懂,進(jìn)步緩慢。針對這樣的學(xué)生,我每節(jié)課設(shè)置的內(nèi)容不在于多和難,而在于精與層次。由易到難的吸引他們逐步進(jìn)入到英語學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境中來。
五、說教法
根據(jù)英語“課標(biāo)”的要求,課程要從學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣、生活經(jīng)驗和認(rèn)知水平出發(fā),因此,我將在教學(xué)中采用以下幾種教學(xué)方法:
1. 任務(wù)型教學(xué)(Task-based Language Teaching)
每個環(huán)節(jié)布置不同層次的任務(wù),讓不同層次的學(xué)生在完成每個任務(wù)的時獲得成就感,同時,不同難易的任務(wù)有效地鍛煉了不同層次的學(xué)生能力。
2.情境交際法(Communicative Language Teaching)
盡量設(shè)置學(xué)生感興趣的話題,讓學(xué)生充分利用新學(xué)的知識并且把枯燥的語法規(guī)則學(xué)習(xí)融入有趣的口語訓(xùn)練,交際應(yīng)用當(dāng)中。
3、合作學(xué)習(xí)教學(xué)法(Cooperative Learning Approach)
本課打破傳統(tǒng)的教師單向灌輸,采用“四至五人組成一個學(xué)習(xí)小組”的課堂教學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu),來組織教學(xué),旨在營造輕松的學(xué)習(xí)氛圍,為積極學(xué)習(xí)提供有利的條件,讓學(xué)生在完成任務(wù)的過程中通過互相交流,降低語言焦慮感,獲得愉快的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷,從而對學(xué)習(xí)本身和所學(xué)內(nèi)容產(chǎn)生興趣感
六、教學(xué)設(shè)計
Step1 Leading in
以一個笑談式的問題引出本課的主題。比如,在師生問答中很隨意地引出下列對話:
T: Do you like the boy?
S:Which one?
T: The one who has big eyes. ……
在學(xué)生猜出答案之前給學(xué)生輸入盡量多含who的定語從句。
Your classmate is the boy / man who ……
Step2知識輸入與輸出
(一)引導(dǎo)詞who的用法
1、知識輸入
定語從句的定義,結(jié)構(gòu)及引導(dǎo)詞who的用法。
2、知識輸出
讓學(xué)生小組合作翻譯及個含有定語從句的句子。
The man who stood here a minute ago is my father.
Do you know the thief who stole your money?
(二)引導(dǎo)詞which的用法
1、利用下列對話引出含有Which的定語從句。
T: May I borrow a pen?
S: Which one?
T: The one which has a rabbit on it.
The one which is very long.
2引導(dǎo)which的用法
3、然后把學(xué)生的鋼筆收集起來,一次展示幾支,讓學(xué)生用定語從句描述自己的鋼筆,并且領(lǐng)走。
Which pen is yours?
The pen which …… is mine.
4、學(xué)生分組運用who、which 進(jìn)行造句比賽
(三)指出某些只用that的情況
1、給出一段含有that的小文章讓同學(xué)們討論并猜測使用that的情況
2、給出只能用that的情況并進(jìn)行講解分析
Step3 Practice
讓同學(xué)以小組為單位,進(jìn)行比賽并且選出本節(jié)課的“智力天使”
(一)翻譯我最行
1). 這就是下學(xué)期將要教我們英語的老師。
2). 我昨天看見的老外來自澳大利亞。
3). 他在我們昨天參觀的工廠工作。
4). 你想買的自行車太貴了.
(二)情景有我更精彩
給出一個特定情景,讓同學(xué)發(fā)揮想象力小組編對話
七、作業(yè)布置(具有承上啟下的作用)
把復(fù)印好的關(guān)于本節(jié)課的定語從句的題發(fā)