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2021考研英語(yǔ)：長(zhǎng)難句的專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)25
The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century.
一、詞匯突破
reinforced 加強(qiáng)
introduction 引入和制定
refereeing 推薦制度
journal 期刊
二、主干識(shí)別
The overall result has been to make entrance harder.主謂賓賓補(bǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu);entrance to professional geological journals賓語(yǔ), harder for amateurs 賓補(bǔ).
三、其他成分
to professional geological journals定語(yǔ)修飾entrance;for amateurs狀語(yǔ);a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century作主語(yǔ)result的同位語(yǔ)。
四、微觀解析
that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing 定語(yǔ)從句修飾a result, by the widespread introduction of refereeing ，為狀語(yǔ)by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century 為定語(yǔ)修飾introduction;
五、難點(diǎn)揭秘
同位語(yǔ)后面定語(yǔ)從句中狀語(yǔ)by和后面定語(yǔ)by的區(qū)別。
六、譯文賞析
這樣一來(lái)總的結(jié)果便是業(yè)余愛(ài)好者想在專(zhuān)業(yè)地質(zhì)學(xué)期刊上發(fā)表文章就更難了，而被廣泛使用的論文評(píng)審?fù)扑]制度又進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化了這一結(jié)果，該種制度先被19世紀(jì)的國(guó)家級(jí)刊物引入，后又在20世紀(jì)，又被幾家地方級(jí)地質(zhì)學(xué)刊物所使用。
2021考研英語(yǔ)：長(zhǎng)難句的專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)26
At the same time, the American Law Institute--a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight—issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones.
一、詞匯突破
institute 機(jī)構(gòu)
substantial 實(shí)際的
bombard不斷攻擊;向...連續(xù)提出問(wèn)題
lengthy冗長(zhǎng)
二、主干識(shí)別
the American Law Institute issued new guidelines
三、其他成分
a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight同位語(yǔ);for tort law定語(yǔ)修飾new guidelines;stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones 定語(yǔ)修飾new guidelines。
四、微觀解析
companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones;動(dòng)詞為warn 和bombard并列; warn sb of sth ; bombard sb with sth.。
五、難點(diǎn)揭秘
同位語(yǔ)有一個(gè)隔離現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生;stating+ that +句子其中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞;
六、譯文賞析
與此同時(shí)，美國(guó)法律協(xié)會(huì)，由一群法官、律師和學(xué)者組成的組織，他們的建議分量極重，發(fā)布了新的民事傷害法令指導(dǎo)方針，宣稱(chēng)公司不必提醒顧客注意顯而易見(jiàn)的危險(xiǎn)，也不必連篇累牘地一再提請(qǐng)他們注意一些可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的危險(xiǎn)。
2021考研英語(yǔ)：長(zhǎng)難句的專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)27
Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners;and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.
一、詞匯突破
manipulation 操縱
detached 分離，如果表示態(tài)度則是表示中立，不關(guān)心的
二、主干識(shí)別
manipulation increased the numbers and importance of shareholders 主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)
三、其他成分
Such large, impersonal，of capital and industry定語(yǔ)修飾manipulation;as a class 定語(yǔ)修飾shareholder;an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners ;and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business整個(gè)是shareholder 的同位語(yǔ)。
四、微觀解析
in national life，representing irresponsible wealth，detached from the land and the duties of the landowners，and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business都是定語(yǔ)修飾an element。
五、難點(diǎn)揭秘
同位語(yǔ)中的三個(gè)后置定語(yǔ)造成了閱讀的障礙。
六、譯文賞析
這樣巨大而非個(gè)人的對(duì)資金和產(chǎn)業(yè)的操縱極大地增加了股東的數(shù)量和他們作為一個(gè)階級(jí)的重要性，他們是國(guó)家生活中代表不負(fù)責(zé)任的財(cái)富的一個(gè)因素，這種財(cái)富不但遠(yuǎn)離了土地和土地?fù)碛姓叩呢?zé)任，而且?guī)缀跬瑯优c公司的負(fù)責(zé)任的管理毫無(wú)關(guān)系。