考研英語備考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是該注意的，下面由出國留學網小編為你精心準備了“2021年考研英語：真題詞匯語境詳解(2)”，持續(xù)關注本站將可以持續(xù)獲取更多的考試資訊!
2021年考研英語：真題詞匯語境詳解(2)
ban
v. 1.officially forbid (sth) 明令禁止
2.officially forbid sb (to do sth) 明令禁止某人
真題連線1999 Passage 4
But they were divided on whether to go further by calling for a federal law that would impose a complete ban on human cloning. 但他們在是否進一步要求聯(lián)邦立法強令徹底禁止克隆人這一問題上存在分歧。
banquet
構詞banqu長凳+et名詞后綴→宴會
n.宴會, 盛宴
鏈接banquetv.宴請;參加宴會
Text 2
Hilton is building its own hotel there， which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars， the Lear Lounge， the Banquo Banqueting Room， and so forth， and will be very expensive. 希爾頓也在這兒建了一座自己的酒店，這里肯定可以能看到被裝飾一新的哈姆雷特漢堡酒吧，Lear休息室，宴會廳等等。進一步說，這里消費將很貴。
barrier
構詞barr柵，欄+ier名詞后綴→柵欄
n.1.hindrance 障礙; 妨礙
2.the language barrier 語言的隔閡
Passage 4
I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers’ demands. 我認為，推動這股巨大的并購浪潮的最主要的力量，也是推動全球化進程的力量，包括日趨下降的運輸與通訊費用，較低的貿易與投資壁壘，以及市場的擴大和為滿足市場需求而進行的擴大生產。
basic
構詞bas低下，基礎+ic 形容詞后綴→基礎的
a.基本的, 堿性的n.基本, 要素, 基礎;
Text 3
In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics.就在十幾年內，數(shù)百萬母親出去工作，這改變了根本的家庭經濟狀況。
battle
構詞bat打，擊+t+le名詞后綴→戰(zhàn)斗
n.an encounter between opposing forces戰(zhàn)役,戰(zhàn)斗;斗爭
v.to engage in or as if in battle; fight against戰(zhàn)斗,斗爭,搏斗
真題連線2000 Passage 3
Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. 他們對戰(zhàn)斗的描述確實讓人很難理解。
benefit
構詞bene 好+fit做，制作→做了有好處→有益于
n.1.promotes or enhances well-being; an advantage利益
2.help; aid幫助;援助
3. allowance; alms; insurance 津貼，救濟金，保險費
v.1.to be helpful or useful to有助于…，有用于…
2.to derive benefit受益
鏈接beneficial a.有利的(benefic有益于+ial形容詞后綴→有利的，有益的)
Passage 4
Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration wave are scanty. 目前證明這股合并浪潮是帶來利還是弊的實例并不多。
bias
構詞bi 二+as 名詞后綴→兩種狀態(tài)
n.& v.1.a preference or an inclination, prejudice; (使有)偏見,偏心,偏袒
2.slanting 傾斜的, 對角的
真題連線2001 Passage 3
But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. 但它似乎從來就沒回過頭來去注意那么多以前的顧客所抱怨的文化和階級偏見。
2021年考研英語：真題詞匯語境詳解(1)
abandon
構詞a不+ban禁止+don給予→不禁止給出去→放棄
vt. 1.give up completely放棄
2.forsake，desert 遺棄, 丟棄
3.yield completely to 放肆, 放縱; 沉湎于
n. freedom from worry or inhibitions放肆; 放縱; 盡情; 任意
Passage 5
Abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. 放棄“忙忙碌碌”的生活哲學，轉而過一種“放慢生活節(jié)奏”的生活所帶來的回報，比經濟成功和社會地位更有價值。
absolute
構詞ab不+solute松開→決不松開→絕對的
a.1.complete; total絕對的; 完全的, 純粹的,確實的
2.unrestricted; unlimited; unqualified無條件的, 不受限制的
3.having unlimited power 專制的, 獨斷的
4.certain; undoubted 確實的, 肯定的
Passage 5
My experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. 我這個被美國人稱為“放慢生活節(jié)奏”的試驗，卻使我老掉牙的借口變成了絕對的現(xiàn)實。
absorb
構詞ab表強調+sorb吸→吸引
vt.1.to take sth in through 吸收
2.include sth/sb as part of; merge with 并吞
3.hold the interest of sb fully使(精神)貫注
習慣用語be absorbed by 被…吞并, 為…所吸收
be absorbed in 全神貫注在…, 一心從事, 熱衷于
absorb sb.’s attention 吸引某人注意
Part C
Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.通過并運用法律來提高判斷能力是一名新聞記者為其職業(yè)生涯做好知識準備的一個重要組成部分。
absorbed
構詞ab.表強調+sorb吸+ed形容詞后綴→被吸引的→全神貫注的;專心的
a.wholly involved or occupied; engrossed 熱衷的，專注的
Text 1
People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption”launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. 人們被一種消費文化所吸引，這種文化是由十九世紀在高雅的氛圍中陳列著琳瑯滿目的商品的百貨商店所發(fā)起的。
abstract
構詞abs離開+tract拉，拖→拉出，抽
a.1.existing in thought but not having practical抽象的; 理論上的, 不現(xiàn)實的
2.difficult to understand;深奧的;難以理解的
vt. 1.to take away; remove抽取;拿走
2.to summarize;概括;歸納
n.摘要，梗概
鏈接abstracteda.心不在焉的
abstractionn.提取
習慣用語in the abstract 抽象地, 觀念上, 理論上; make an abstract of 把…的要點摘錄下來
真題連線2003 英譯漢
Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture”, like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. 因此，人類學中的“文化”概念就像數(shù)學中“集”的概念一樣，是一個抽象概念。它使大量的具體研究和認識成為可能。
2021考研英語：英語備考之單詞辨析(4)
activist n.(政治活動的)積極分子，活動家
addict n.1.有癮的人 2.入迷的人 vt.使成癮，使入迷
additive n.添加劑
adhere vi.1.(to)粘附，附著 2.遵守，堅持 3.追隨，支持
adhesive n.粘合劑 a.可粘著的，粘性的
adjacent a.(to)鄰近的，毗連的
adjoin vt.貼近，與...毗連
adjourn v.(使)休會，(使)休庭
administer vt.1.掌管，料理...的事務 2.施行，實施 3.給予，派給，投(藥)
admiral n.海軍將領，艦隊司令
adolescent n.青少年 a.青春期的，青少年的
adore vt.1.崇拜，敬慕，愛慕 2.非常喜歡
adorn vt.裝飾，使生色
advent n. 出現(xiàn)，到來
adversary n.對手，敵手
adverse a.不利的，有害的
aerial a.1.飛機的，航空的，由飛機進行的 2.空中的，架空的 n.天線
aesthetic a.美學的, 審美的, 有審美感的
affiliate vt.使隸屬于 n. 附屬機構，分公司
affirm vt.1.斷言，堅持聲稱 2.證實，確認
afflict vt.使苦惱，折磨
A Change of Heart
The anti-war activist was not surprised at all that his primary adversay,the Admiral,had been afflicted with a drug addict for a son.He was actually quite happy to find out that his enemy had such personal problems.It was the advent of a new day,however,when the activist decided to help administer the treatment for the adolescent and help the Admiral fight this adverse situation.And it was clear that the Admiral was a wonderful person when the activist saw how much the Admiral adored his son.
Now living in an adjacent room in a special section of a treatment center, the activist was able to adhere to the strictest methods for helping the boy fight his addiction. The activist was able to help with aesthetic changes,such as adorning the boy with clean clothes, as well as affirm the boy as his body struggled with the medical additives that would help the boy get better.
Certain events were luckily also not adhesive in the youth's mind. This included the boys' aerial leap from a tall building. He did not die only because he landed in the swimming pool of the adjoining building.
And now the activist was gaining the attention of his affiliates because of his honorable actions. This had never been his motive. He had only wanted to help a person in need. And, as the Admiral adjourned their weekly meeting about the boy's progress,the activist was really happy that he had been able to make a difference in someone's life.
徹底的改變
這位反戰(zhàn)積極分子的主要對手，艦隊司令因兒子染上毒癮而十分苦惱，但他對此一點也不感到廳怪。實際上，發(fā)現(xiàn)他的敵人有這樣的個人問題，他還感到很高興。然而，當這位積極分子決定幫助實施對這位青少年的治療并協(xié)助艦隊司令對付這種不利情況時，新的一天到來了。很顯然，當這位反戰(zhàn)積極分子看到艦隊司令對兒子是如何喜愛時，艦隊司令成了一個可愛的人。
現(xiàn)在這位反戰(zhàn)積極分子正住在鄰近治療中心特區(qū)的一個房間里，因而他能夠堅持用最嚴格的方法幫助那個男孩戒除毒隱。這位反戰(zhàn)積極分子能夠用審美上的變化提供幫助，如用干凈的衣服打扮男孩，當他的身體與醫(yī)療添加劑的副作用作斗爭的時候他會斷言它們會使他好起來。
有些事情幸好沒有在這個年輕人的心中留下記憶，其中包括他從高樓的空中跳下，他沒有死只是因為他掉到了鄰近大樓的游泳池里。
由于他的誠心相助，這位反戰(zhàn)積極分子得到了他的下屬的注意。這并不是他原來的動機，他只是想幫助一個需要幫助的人。在艦隊司令使每周召開的討論男孩病情的會議休會時，這位積極分子為自己能使一個人的生活發(fā)生變化而感到由衷的高興。