2019中考英語:情態(tài)動詞表推測

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    2019中考英語:情態(tài)動詞表推測
    情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法小結(jié)
    (一)情態(tài)動詞表推測的三種句式
    1.在肯定句中一般用must (一定),may(可能),might / could(也許,或許)。
    (1)He must/may/might know the answer to this question?
    他一定/可能/也許知道這個問題的答案。
    (2)It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating.
    屋里很冷,他們肯定把暖氣關(guān)了。
    2.否定句中用can’t / couldn’t(不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。
    (1)It can’t/couldn’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.
    這不可能是校長,他去美國了。
    (2)He may not/might not know the scientist. 他也許不認識那位科學家。
    3.疑問句中用can/could (能……?)。
    (1)Could he have finished the task? 他可能把任務(wù)完成了嗎?
    (2)Can he be at home now? 他現(xiàn)在能在家嗎?
    注:以上三種句式中情態(tài)動詞的語氣按程度都是依次遞減的。Might, could并非may, can的過去式,而表示語氣較為委婉或可能性較小。
    (二)情態(tài)動詞表推測的三種時態(tài)
    1.對將來情況的推測,用“情態(tài)動詞 + 動詞原形”。
    (1)She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00前她一定/可能/也許到。
    (2)She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.
    她一定/可能/也許會在山里一連走好幾英里而遇不到一個人。
    2.對現(xiàn)在或一般情況的推測,用“情態(tài)動詞 + be”,“情態(tài)動詞 +be doing”或“情態(tài)動詞 + 動詞原形”。
    (1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now.
    他一定/可能/也許正在聽收音機。
    (2)He can’t ( couldn’t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time.
    這個時候他不可能/可能不在家。
    (3)Mr. Bush is on time for everything .How can ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ?
    布什先生一向準時,這次開幕式他怎么可能遲到呢?
    3.對過去情況的推測,用“情態(tài)動詞 + have +過去分詞”。
    (1)It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.
    地濕了,昨晚肯定/可能/也許下雨了。
    (2)The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home .
    門鎖著,他不可能/可能不在家。
    (3)Can / Could he have gotten the book?
    難道他找到書了嗎?
    注:情態(tài)動詞 should /ought to表推測時,意為“想必會,理應(yīng)……”但與“have +過去分詞”連用時,則又可構(gòu)成虛擬語氣意為“本應(yīng)該做某事卻沒做”。例如:
    (4)It’s seven o’clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment.
    現(xiàn)在七點鐘了,杰克理應(yīng)隨時到達。(推測)
    (5)She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. (虛擬) 她本該出席你的生日晚會的,可是她得在醫(yī)院照顧她媽媽。
    (6)Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. (虛擬) 湯姆本不該告訴我你的秘密,可是他并無惡意。