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2021考研英語(yǔ)：語(yǔ)法長(zhǎng)難句的表達(dá)解析(79)
While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your wares and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
一、解析
該句主干是While …, your could-be employer is deciding whether... and your wares and abilities must be displayed...。前一個(gè)分句中while引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，decide后面是whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，該從句中并列主語(yǔ)為your education, your experience, and other qualifications，謂語(yǔ)部分為pay him，后面是不定式做的狀語(yǔ)。and后面的并列句是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其中in … manner為方式狀語(yǔ)。
二、詞匯
pay sb. to do sth. 干某事對(duì)某人有利
如：It will pay you to be careful.(小心謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)你有好處)
could-be 可能的，未來(lái)的
wares本義為“貨物，商品”，這里表示應(yīng)聘者能夠展示出來(lái)的資格和能力。
三、譯文
在與你面談時(shí)，你未來(lái)的雇主將根據(jù)你的教育背景、經(jīng)驗(yàn)和其他的資歷來(lái)確定雇用你是否值得，因此你必須把你“待售的物品”和能力以有序而合理連貫的方式呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。
2021考研英語(yǔ)：語(yǔ)法長(zhǎng)難句的表達(dá)解析(78)
If the rule of law and democracy are to survive in America we will need to address the decline in the public’s understanding of, and support for both. While we celebrate the Ninth Circuit’s decision on Trump’s ban, we also must initiate a national conversation about democracy and the rule of law. Civics education, long derided, needs to be revived.
長(zhǎng)難句解析：
If the rule of law and democracy are to survive in America we will need to address the decline in the public’s understanding of, and support for both.
主干識(shí)別：we will need to address the decline
切分成分：1.If the rule of law and democracy are to survive in America狀語(yǔ)從句
2.in the public’s understanding of, and support for both 定語(yǔ)
獨(dú)立成句：the decline in the public’s understanding of, and support for both
這里有一個(gè)并列，詳細(xì)的講就是：
the decline in the public’s understanding of both
the decline in the public’s support for both
(這樣的并列你識(shí)別出來(lái)了嗎?)
可以把decline轉(zhuǎn)譯為動(dòng)詞
民眾對(duì)于法治和民主的理解以及支持程度都在下降，
參考譯文：如果法治和民主在美國(guó)要繼續(xù)存在下去的話，我們就必須去應(yīng)對(duì)民 眾對(duì)于法治和民主的理解以及支持(程度)都在下降(的問(wèn)題)。
在翻譯時(shí)為了通順我們可以加上一些不改變句意的詞。
While we celebrate the Ninth Circuit’s decision on Trump’s ban, we also must initiate a national conversation about democracy and the rule of law.
詞匯進(jìn)步：initiate a
長(zhǎng)難句解析：we also must initiate a national conversation about democracy and the rule of law
其他成分：While we celebrate the Ninth Circuit’s decision on Trump’s ban
雖然我們都在慶祝第九巡回法庭對(duì)于特朗普禁令的判決，
參考譯文：雖然我們都在慶祝第九巡回法庭對(duì)于特朗普禁令的判決，但我們必須發(fā)起一次全國(guó)性的關(guān)于民主和法治的大討論。
Civics education, long derided, needs to be revived
參考譯文:長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)被嘲笑的公民教育應(yīng)該復(fù)蘇了。
Civics education公民教育：公民教育的內(nèi)涵比較廣，簡(jiǎn)單的講就是教育學(xué)生如果成為一名能融入現(xiàn)行社會(huì)制度中的公民。其中重要的部分就是法治教育。法治教育的目標(biāo)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在一個(gè)以法治為基礎(chǔ)的多元社會(huì)中所應(yīng)具有的知識(shí)、技能和價(jià)值觀。包括：遵從立憲民主尊重人的基本尊嚴(yán)和權(quán)利廣泛、積極、負(fù)責(zé)地參與公民生活為社會(huì)公正做貢獻(xiàn)贊成合法解決社會(huì)沖突和差異。美國(guó)人在學(xué)校就逐步積累起對(duì)法律、制度的普遍信賴和尊崇。從這點(diǎn)說(shuō)，公民教育對(duì)推動(dòng)美國(guó)社會(huì)的法治建設(shè)功不可沒(méi)。在公民教育的熏陶下，法治在美國(guó)深入人心，成為美國(guó)人的人格操守，成為美國(guó)人遵循的生活方式。
2021考研英語(yǔ)：語(yǔ)法長(zhǎng)難句的表達(dá)解析(77)
You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living.
一、解析
此句是用and連接的兩個(gè)并列句。在前一個(gè)分句中，又用as引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)比較狀語(yǔ)從句，將make a blueprint of a desire 與 make a blueprint of a house作比較。第二個(gè)分句的主干是：each of us... is making... Blueprints...
二、詞匯
blueprint n.藍(lán)圖
continually adv.持續(xù)不斷地
routine n. 常規(guī)
三、譯文
你可以在頭腦里勾畫出愿望的藍(lán)圖，如同設(shè)計(jì)房屋的藍(lán)圖一樣。而我們每個(gè)人在日常生活中都在不停地勾畫著這樣的愿望藍(lán)圖。