考研英語備考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是該注意的，下面由出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)小編為你精心準(zhǔn)備了“2021年考研英語：作文備考的應(yīng)急策略”，持續(xù)關(guān)注本站將可以持續(xù)獲取更多的考試資訊!
2021年考研英語：作文備考的應(yīng)急策略
一、換用籠統(tǒng)詞
詞大體可分為兩類：籠統(tǒng)詞和具體詞?；\統(tǒng)詞的特點(diǎn)在于意義廣泛、搭配性強(qiáng)。雖然它們獨(dú)自不能精確表達(dá)一個(gè)動(dòng)作，但在構(gòu)成詞組以后可替代很多具體詞。寫作中遇到一些具體詞寫不出來的時(shí)候，用籠統(tǒng)詞取代，能收到異曲同工之妙。最常用的籠統(tǒng)詞有 have，take等。
例：邁克經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)極其艱苦的時(shí)代。Mike experienced a terrible hard time.寫作時(shí)，若忘記了experience可用籠統(tǒng)詞have代替，寫成Mike had a terrible hard time.同樣能收到預(yù)期效果。這樣的例子還很多。如：
Do you understand my meaning, sir? = Do you take my meaning, sir?
I will preside over the meeting. = I will take the meeting.
I will subscribe to the local newspaper. = I will take the local newspaper.
They occupied the city. = They took the city.
The boy resembles his father. = The boy takes after his father.
從以上的例句不難看出，具體詞音節(jié)較多，使用頻率不高，容易遺忘，而籠統(tǒng)詞則不然。因此，在作文應(yīng)試中，籠統(tǒng)詞取代具體詞，不失為一種應(yīng)急良策。
二、換用同義詞、反義詞等相關(guān)詞匯
遇到未曾學(xué)過的詞或一時(shí)想不起的詞時(shí)，可采用發(fā)散性思維，發(fā)揮想象力，盡可能想出與之有關(guān)的同義詞、反義詞，利用語言的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系、多層次、多角度地運(yùn)用語言，使單詞受阻現(xiàn)象得以解決。
例：昨晚李雷做了一場(chǎng)惡夢(mèng)。
Li Lei had a nightmare last night.因nightmare使用率不高，不易記住。但其同義詞bad dream易記。上句可換譯為：Li Lei had a bad dream last night.
再如：The food is tasty.=The food is nice to eat.=The food is delicious.
We discontinued the work at nine.=We stopped the work at nine.
This woman is talkative.=This woman is never quiet.
This car is expensive.=This car is not cheap.
另外：
He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.
The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat.
They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.
His temper is nasty. = His temper is terrible. = He has a bad temper.
英語語言中詞與詞之間是有聯(lián)系的，詞與詞之間語義的“共核”現(xiàn)象即所謂的同義詞。豐富的同義詞給我們提供了極大的方便。
同樣，用其反義詞來取代某一遺忘了的詞也是可行的，請(qǐng)看下面的例子：
He is stubborn. = He is not tame.
The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.
This is expensive. = This is not cheap.
She is talkative. = She is never quiet.
三、換用迂回表達(dá)
當(dāng)一個(gè)詞或某些信息表達(dá)起來有困難時(shí)，要充分利用語言本身詞匯豐富、句型多變等特點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行迂回表達(dá)。因?yàn)槿魏我环N表達(dá)形式，只要能達(dá)意便可接受。英語當(dāng)中的功能解釋性語句，就可以起到這一作用。請(qǐng)看下面的句子：
例：1. 我從未見到過這樣頑固的人。
I've never seen such a stubborn person.=I've never seen such a person who never listens to other's advice.
2. 如果我們想得到文憑，我們必須首先通過考試。
If we want to obtain a diploma，we must first pass the exams.=If we want to get a graduation paper，we must first pass the exams.
3. 工廠里的煙囪(chimney)拔地而起。
High chimneys have appeared in the factories.=The factories are full of high chimneys.=A lot of high chimneys can be seen in the factories.
4. 他數(shù)學(xué)考試取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)，被大學(xué)錄取了。
He passed the math exam /succeeded in the math exam and became a college student.
5. 中午我們吃了野餐。
At noon we had a picnic.=At noon we had our lunch in the open air.
考研英語作文只要層次清晰，語法正確就能拿到較好的分?jǐn)?shù)。所以同學(xué)們?nèi)绻^于糾結(jié)于用一些自己難于掌握的大詞和難詞，往往花了時(shí)間，還得不到應(yīng)有的效果。我們應(yīng)該靈活地使用一些簡(jiǎn)單易掌握的表達(dá)方式傳達(dá)我們豐富多彩的內(nèi)容，以便最大限度地發(fā)揮我們的英語水平。