巴塞羅那大學(xué)創(chuàng)辦于1450年，是西班牙國際排名最高的大學(xué)，其研究影響力堪稱頂尖，目前世界排名第156位。下面請看出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)整理并翻譯的巴塞羅那大學(xué)基本概況，供大家參考。
一、關(guān)于巴塞羅那大學(xué)
The University of Barcelona is the most formidable public institution of higher education in Catalonia, catering to the needs of the greatest number of students and delivering the broadest and most comprehensive offering in higher educational courses. The UB is also the principal centre of university research in Spain and has become a European benchmark for research activity, both in terms of the number of research programmes it conducts and the excellence these have achieved.
Its own history closely tied to the history of Barcelona and of Catalonia, our university combines the values of tradition with its position as an institution dedicated to innovation and teaching excellence: a university that is as outward-looking and cosmopolitan as the city from which it takes its name.
巴塞羅那大學(xué)是西班牙加泰羅尼亞最具實力的公立高等教育機構(gòu)，它滿足最廣大學(xué)生的需求，有最廣泛和最全面的高等教育課程。巴塞羅那大學(xué)還是西班牙主要的大學(xué)研究中心，無論是根據(jù)研究項目的數(shù)量還是研究項目成果，都已成為衡量歐洲研究活動的一個基準(zhǔn)。
巴塞羅那大學(xué)的歷史與巴塞羅那和加泰羅尼亞緊密相連。它結(jié)合了價值傳統(tǒng)和作為專注創(chuàng)新與優(yōu)質(zhì)教學(xué)機構(gòu)的地位。巴塞羅那大學(xué)和它的名字來源城市巴塞羅那一樣，是外向的和國際化的。
Faculity staff and students
| Number of academic faculty staff | Number of students | Number of international students | |||
| In total | 3863 | In total | 46002 | In total | 6134 |
| International | 108 | Postgraduate | 18% | Postgraduate | 39% |
| Undergraduate | 82% | Undergraduate | 61% | ||
師生人數(shù)
| 專業(yè)教員人數(shù) | 學(xué)生人數(shù) | 國際學(xué)生人數(shù) | |||
| 總共 | 3863 | 總共 | 46002 | 總共 | 6134 |
| 國際教員 | 108 | 研究生占比 | 18% | 研究生占比 | 39% |
| 本科生占比 | 82% | 本科生占比 | 61% | ||
二、巴塞羅那大學(xué)的歷史
Prior to 1450: the UB's origins and its foundation
During the Middle Ages, institutions called estudis (studium) began to appear. In time they would become universities. At first, however, these estudis generals were founded by popes, emperors or kings and they had a faculty of the arts and a faculty of advanced learning in theology, law and medicine.
In Catalonia, the first examples emerged with the Estudi General of Lleida (1300), the Estudi General of Perpinyà (1349) and the Estudi General of Girona (1446).
From the end of the thirteenth century, the city of Barcelona was home to civil and ecclesiastical schools in which students could pursue degrees in Grammar, Civil Law, Canon Law and Logic.
In 1401, King Martí I the Humane established an Estudi General of Medicine in Barcelona. A year later, he added a Faculty of the Arts. From that moment, university studies in Barcelona received the name Estudi General of Medicine and the Arts.
第一個時期：1450年以前
在中世紀，一種叫做estudis的機構(gòu)開始出現(xiàn)，后來成了大學(xué)。不過在剛開始的時候，這類機構(gòu)是由教皇、君主或國王成立的，它們由一個文學(xué)院和一個專事神學(xué)、法律和醫(yī)學(xué)的高級學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)院組成。
在加泰羅尼亞，這類機構(gòu)最早的例子有 Estudi General of Lleida (1300)， Estudi General of Perpinyà (1349)和Estudi General of Girona (1446)。
從13世紀末開始，巴塞羅那成了公民學(xué)校和教會學(xué)校所在地。在這些學(xué)校里，學(xué)生可以攻讀語法、民法、教會法和邏輯學(xué)四個學(xué)科的學(xué)位。
1401年，馬蒂諾二世在巴塞羅那成立了Estudi General of Medicine 。一年后，成立了文學(xué)院。從那時起，巴塞羅那的大學(xué)機構(gòu)有了Estudi General of Medicine and the Arts之名。
1450-1508: the Estudi General of Barcelona
In 1450, King Alphonse the Magnanimous granted a charter for the establishment of the Estudi General of Barcelona, unifying all of the previous schools of higher learning. In the new institution, chairs were created in Theology, Canon Law, Civil Law, Moral and Natural Philosophy, the Seven Arts, Medicine and other disciplines.
The University, however, faced many difficulties during this period. Of particular importance was the Civil War in Catalonia (1462-1472), which had a debilitating effect on the institution. In 1488, under the reign of Fernando the Catholic of Aragon, the Estudi General of Medicine received a fresh impetus when it was merged with the schools under the patronage of the Barcelona City Hall.
1508-1717: a new building in the Rambla to bring all the faculties together
In 1508, the first Ordinances were passed to govern the Estudi General of Barcelona founded in 1450.
In 1536, construction began on a new building for the institution at the top of the Rambla.
In 1559, the school brought all existing faculties together in one location.
At that time, the institution entered a period of difficulty and decline, marked by censorship of publications, bans on foreign contact, insufficient resources, and student conflict and violence.
第二個時期：1450-1508
1450年，阿方索五世國王特許成立巴塞羅那研究總院，統(tǒng)一了先前的高等教育學(xué)校。在新的制度下，大學(xué)教授職位涵蓋了神學(xué)、教會法、民法、道德哲學(xué)與自然哲學(xué)、“七藝”、醫(yī)學(xué)和其他學(xué)科。
盡管如此，巴塞羅那大學(xué)在這段時期仍面臨諸多困難。尤其是加泰羅尼亞內(nèi)戰(zhàn) (1462-1472)，給學(xué)校帶來了影響。1488年，在費爾南多的統(tǒng)治下，Estudi General of Medicine 獲得了新鮮血液。那一年，Estudi General of Medicine 同巴塞羅那市政府贊助下的幾個學(xué)校合并。
第三個時期：1508-1717
1508年，通過了管理巴塞羅那研究總院的第一條法令。
1536年，蘭布拉頂尖機構(gòu)建筑開始動工。
1559年，學(xué)校將所有現(xiàn)有的學(xué)院集中到一個地址。
那個時候，巴塞羅那大學(xué)進入了困難和衰退時期，標(biāo)志便是出版物審核愈加嚴格、禁止與外國發(fā)生聯(lián)系、資源匱乏，學(xué)生沖突和暴力經(jīng)常發(fā)生。
1717-1835: the University of Cervera
As a result of the Spanish War of Succession, studies in Philosophy, Canon Law and Law were removed from Barcelona to Cervera in 1714, while studies in Medicine and Grammar, which were taught by the Jesuits, remained in the city.
In 1717, a royal order established a single university at Cervera, and all university studies in Barcelona, Lleida, Girona, Tarragona, Vic and Tortosa closed and were moved there.
From 1767, the University of Cervera entered into a period of decline. Interest emerged in Barcelona to bring the university back to the city, where a number of important educational institutions had begun to flourish, such as the Royal Military Academy of Mathematics of Barcelona, which was a pioneer in Europe, and the College of Surgery of Barcelona, which provided studies in Medicine that far surpassed the education available at Cervera.
第四個時期：1717-1835
西班牙王位繼承戰(zhàn)爭導(dǎo)致哲學(xué)、教會法和民法的學(xué)習(xí)被迫于1717年從巴塞羅那搬到塞爾韋拉，而醫(yī)學(xué)和語法由耶穌會士教授，地點仍在巴塞羅那。
1717年，西班牙皇室命令在塞爾韋拉建立一所單一大學(xué)，巴塞羅那、列伊達、赫羅納、塔拉戈納、比克和托爾托薩等地的所有大學(xué)被迫關(guān)系，全部搬到了塞爾韋拉。
從1767年起，塞爾韋拉大學(xué)進入了衰落時期。巴塞羅那要求將大學(xué)遷回，因為這時的巴塞羅那已經(jīng)有了許多蒸蒸日上的重要的教育機構(gòu)，比如巴塞羅那皇家軍事數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)院和巴塞羅那外科學(xué)院。前者在歐洲同行中領(lǐng)先，后者提供的醫(yī)學(xué)教育則遠遠超出了塞爾韋拉大學(xué)提供的醫(yī)學(xué)教育。
1835-1859: the restoration of the University of Barcelona
In 1822, the University of Barcelona began to take shape again. Education provided by schools such as the Junta de Comer? formed the foundation. While the University of Cervera continued to exist, efforts to restore the University of Barcelona had advanced significantly by 1835.
In 1837, the University of Barcelona was provisionally restored. By 1842, the long campaign that had begun in 1822 finally led to the permanent restoration of the University.
The University’s first official home was the former premises of the Convent of Carme, which served temporarily to house the Faculties of Theology, Canon Law and Law and later housed the Faculty of Pharmacy as well.
The University experienced some years of ideological in-fighting and faculty purges during the rule of the moderate party. After the Revolution of 1868, however, the expelled professors took their chairs again and a period of educational liberalization began.
第五個時期：1835-1859
1822年，巴塞羅那大學(xué)開始重獲生機。Junta de Comer? 等學(xué)院提供的教育構(gòu)成了這個時期巴塞羅那大學(xué)教育的基礎(chǔ)。雖然塞爾韋拉大學(xué)仍然存在，但是到1835年，巴塞羅那大學(xué)復(fù)興的努力已經(jīng)有了明顯的成效。
1837年，巴塞羅那大學(xué)暫時恢復(fù)。到1842年，始于1822年的支持運動最終獲得勝利，巴塞羅那大學(xué)永久恢復(fù)。
起先，巴塞羅那大學(xué)的校址在先前的經(jīng)營場址加爾尼修道院。這里暫時性地成了神學(xué)院、教會法學(xué)院和民法學(xué)院所在地。后來，藥學(xué)院也設(shè)在這里。
在這個時期，在溫和當(dāng)統(tǒng)治下，巴塞羅那大學(xué)經(jīng)歷了幾年的意識形態(tài)斗爭和員工清除。不過在1868年革命之后，被驅(qū)逐的教師恢復(fù)了職位，教育自由化時期開始。
1859-1900: a new University building by architect Elies Rogent
By 1859, the state of the facilities at the former Convent of Carme had deterioriated and a project was established to construct a new building by the architect Elies Rogent.
From 1871, the new building became home to all the University’s faculties with the exception of the Faculty of Medicine, which continued at the former Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, where it had been since 1843.
In 1906, the new Faculty of Medicine was opened at the new Hospital Clínic.
第六個時期：1859-1900
到1859年，原先加爾尼修道院的教學(xué)設(shè)施已經(jīng)老化，于是新的校址開始建立，建筑師是Elies Rogent。
從1871年起，新校址成了醫(yī)學(xué)院以外其他所有學(xué)院的所在地。醫(yī)學(xué)院仍在先前的Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau。從1843年起醫(yī)學(xué)院就設(shè)在這里。
1906年，新的醫(yī)學(xué)院在新校址開放。
1900-1939: the Statute of Autonomy of the University of Barcelona
A key milestone in the history of the University of Barcelona in the twentieth century was the passage of its Statute of Autonomy in September 1933.
Under its Statute of Autonomy, the government of the University was run by trustees who represented the Government of the Spanish Republic, the Generalitat of Catalonia and the Senate of the University.
1939-1975: the University of Barcelona under the Franco dictatorship
The Spanish Civil War and the Franco dictatorship (1939-1975) marked the beginning of a period of repression, involving faculty expulsions, the suppression of university autonomy, and the elimination of the Catalan culture and language from academic life.
During the period, key actions taken against the regime included initiatives to protect and spread the Catalan culture and language, the establishment of the Democratic Students' Union of the University of Barcelona, and the student occupation of the UB's rector's office in January 1969.
Starting in the nineteen-fifties, new UB facilities were built in the district of Pedralbes, including the Faculties of Pharmacy (1957), Law (1958), Fine Arts (1960), Business Sciences (1961), Economics (1967-1968), Physics and Chemistry (1969), Psychology and Education (1970), Philosophy and Geography and History (1970) and Biology (1975).
第七個時期：1900-1939
巴塞羅那大學(xué)在20世紀經(jīng)歷的里程碑事件之一便是1933年通過了自治法。
根據(jù)自治法，巴塞羅那大學(xué)由代表西班牙共和國政府、Generalitat of Catalonia 和學(xué)校評議會的受托人托管。
第八個時期：1939-1975
西班牙內(nèi)戰(zhàn)和佛朗哥獨裁(1939-1975) 意味著壓制的開始。在這期間，學(xué)校教職員工遭到驅(qū)逐，自治受到壓制，加泰羅尼亞文化和學(xué)術(shù)生活語言遭到清除。
這個時期，反對獨裁的的關(guān)鍵行動包括倡導(dǎo)保護和傳播加泰羅尼亞文化語言，建立民主學(xué)生會，學(xué)生占領(lǐng)校長室(1969年1月)。
從20世紀50年代起，新的設(shè)施開始在德拉貝斯建立。此后，藥學(xué)院于1957年在此建立，藝術(shù)學(xué)院1961年建立，商務(wù)科學(xué)學(xué)院1961年建立，經(jīng)濟學(xué)院1967-68年建立，物理與化學(xué)學(xué)院1969年建立，心理學(xué)與教育學(xué)學(xué)院1970年建立，哲學(xué)、地理與歷史學(xué)院1970年建立，生物學(xué)院1975年建立。
From 1975 to today: the present-day University
The election of Dr. Badia i Margarit as rector of the University of Barcelona in 1977 marked the beginning of a period of normalization, modernization and democratization.
In 1985, new Statutes were approved for the University, restoring the autonomy which the institution had enjoyed during the Second Republic.
With respect to facilities, the Faculty of Geology was built (1985-1986), teaching began on the Bellvitge Health Sciences Campus (Nursing, Medicine, Dentistry and Podiatry) in 1982, the Mundet Campus was developed during the nineteen-nineties (Teacher Training, Education and Psychology) and a new building opened in the district of the Raval in 2006 for the Faculty of Philosophy and the Faculty of Geography and History.
第九個時期：1975年至今
1977年， Badia i Margarit 博士當(dāng)選巴塞羅那大學(xué)校長，標(biāo)志著正?；?、現(xiàn)代化和民主化時期開始。
1985年，新的自治法通過，巴塞羅那大學(xué)恢復(fù)了第二共和國時期享有的自治權(quán)。
在院系方面，地質(zhì)學(xué)院于1985-1986年成立，Bellvitge校區(qū)的健康科學(xué)教學(xué)于1982年開始，涵蓋護理學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)、牙科和足部病學(xué)。Mundet 校區(qū)在90年代得到發(fā)展，課程涵蓋教師培訓(xùn)、教育學(xué)和心理學(xué)。拉瓦爾區(qū)新教學(xué)樓于2006年開放，集中了這學(xué)院和地理與歷史學(xué)院。