如果你有去美國(guó)就讀法學(xué)院的打算，那么這篇文章恰恰很適合你的，出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)小編為您悉心翻譯了如何選擇合適自己的法學(xué)專業(yè)，希望對(duì)您能夠有幫助。
Conventional wisdom is that career-oriented college majors in fields like business or law enforcement are more marketable and useful than liberal arts majors. But that's not necessarily true if you're planning to attend law school.Law school applicants from certain difficult liberal arts disciplines like mathematics and linguistics tend to achieve stellar LSAT scores and are accepted to law school at a much higher rate than the bulk of their peers with preprofessional majors, where average LSAT scores are lower, according to Law School Admission Council statistics.For instance, law schools accepted more than 90 percent of linguistics majors who applied for fall 2016 admission, but by contrast, they accepted less than 56 percent of nursing majors who applied in the same admissions cycle.
傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，在商業(yè)或執(zhí)法領(lǐng)域以職業(yè)為導(dǎo)向的大學(xué)專業(yè)比文科專業(yè)更有市場(chǎng)，也更有用。但如果你打算上法學(xué)院，那就不一定了。來(lái)自某些文科數(shù)學(xué)和語(yǔ)言學(xué)等學(xué)科的法學(xué)院申請(qǐng)者往往很難提交到合格的LSAT分?jǐn)?shù)并接受法學(xué)院以更高的速度比大部分同行同職前的專業(yè)，這些學(xué)生的平均LSAT分?jǐn)?shù)一般相對(duì)都較低。例如，法學(xué)院錄取了超過90%的語(yǔ)言學(xué)專業(yè)的2016年秋季入學(xué)的學(xué)生的申請(qǐng)，但是相比之下在這個(gè)學(xué)期，他們只接受了不到56%的護(hù)理專業(yè)的學(xué)生申請(qǐng)。
Law school admissions consultant Anna Ivey, founder of Ivey Consulting, says admissions officers tend to be skeptical of the academic merits of preprofessional majors.They tend to be less excited about preprofessional degrees like communications, prelaw, criminology or marketing, which can be considered less rigorous, says Ivey, a former dean of admissions at the University of Chicago Law School. But she notes an exception to this is prestigious preprofessional programs, like the business undergraduate program at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School.Because the two law school entrance exams, the LSAT and GRE, test critical thinking skills rather than subject matter expertise, preprofessional majors that emphasize technical skills don't necessarily prepare students well for these tests, experts warn.
Ivey Consulting的創(chuàng)始人、法學(xué)院招生顧問安娜艾維表示，招生官員往往對(duì)專業(yè)專業(yè)學(xué)生的學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值持懷疑態(tài)度。芝加哥大學(xué)法學(xué)院前招生主任艾維表示:他們往往對(duì)溝通、預(yù)科、犯罪學(xué)或市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷等專業(yè)學(xué)位不感興趣，而這些學(xué)位可以被認(rèn)為不那么嚴(yán)格。但她指出，這是一個(gè)很有聲望的專業(yè)項(xiàng)目，比如賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)沃頓商學(xué)院的商業(yè)本科課程。專家警告說，由于兩項(xiàng)法學(xué)院入學(xué)考試，LSAT和GRE考試，這些考試需要的不僅僅是專業(yè)知識(shí)，還需要申請(qǐng)者掌握相應(yīng)的批判性思維能力，所以僅僅強(qiáng)調(diào)技術(shù)技能，不一定能讓學(xué)生為這些考試做好準(zhǔn)備。
Experts urge college students who are determined to pursue preprofessional majors to take electives in traditional liberal arts disciplines, including the humanities, social sciences, physical sciences and mathematics. They also recommend focusing extra effort on test prep.Experts say liberal arts disciplines tend to teach aspiring lawyers the abstract thinking skills they will need to excel both on law school entrance exams and in law school courses. Disciplines like linguistics and the classics emphasize thoughtful interpretation of language, which aids prospective law school students with reading comprehension, experts say. And disciplines like math and science help them hone their reasoning abilities.
專家敦促?zèng)Q心追求包括人文學(xué)科、社會(huì)科學(xué)、物理科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)等傳統(tǒng)人文學(xué)科的學(xué)生一些實(shí)用的建議。專家說，文科學(xué)科往往會(huì)教授有抱負(fù)的律師，他們需要在法學(xué)院入學(xué)考試和法學(xué)院的課程中都有出色的表現(xiàn)。專家說，語(yǔ)言學(xué)和古典文學(xué)等學(xué)科都強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)語(yǔ)言的深刻理解，這對(duì)未來(lái)的法學(xué)院學(xué)生具有閱讀理解能力。像數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)這樣的學(xué)科幫助他們磨練他們的推理能力。
Matt Shinners, a senior consultant for the jdMission admissions consulting firm, says philosophy, math and science majors frequently excel on LSAT logic games.It is very beneficial to have a section that you have down cold, says Shinners, also a senior manager of product strategy at the Manhattan Prep company, which coaches LSAT test-takers.Experts say law school hopefuls should focus on rigorous undergraduate majors they find fascinating and where they have a strong academic aptitude. It is a mistake, experts warn, to choose a major simply because it seems easy, since law school admissions officers consider the difficulty of your courses when evaluating your grades.An even bigger mistake, Ivey says, is to choose your major based purely on parental advice.I’ve seen a lot of college transcripts that were train wrecks because the students were pushed into certain majors by their parents, and those transcripts are cautionary tales," she says.
負(fù)責(zé)法學(xué)博士招生的高級(jí)顧問Matt Shinners說，哲學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生經(jīng)常在LSAT邏輯游戲中出類拔萃。有一個(gè)你感冒的部分是非常有益的，Shinners說，他也是曼哈頓準(zhǔn)備公司的產(chǎn)品策略的高級(jí)經(jīng)理，該公司的教練是LSAT的測(cè)試者。專家們說，法學(xué)院的學(xué)生們應(yīng)該把重點(diǎn)放在那些他們覺得有趣的、有很強(qiáng)學(xué)術(shù)能力的本科專業(yè)上。專家警告說，選擇單一的專業(yè)是很錯(cuò)誤的行為，因?yàn)檫@看起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)榉▽W(xué)院的招生人員在評(píng)估你的成績(jī)時(shí)考慮到了你的課程的難度。艾維說，一個(gè)更大的錯(cuò)誤是，只根據(jù)父母的建議選擇你的專業(yè)。她說:我看到很多大學(xué)的成績(jī)單都是火車殘骸，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生們被父母擠進(jìn)了某些專業(yè)，這些成績(jī)單都是警世故事。
Some experts also urge undergrads to avoid law-related majors.Philip Benesch, an associate professor of politics and director of the Law and Society program at Lebanon Valley College in Pennsylvania, says he usually advises college students to either stay away from a prelaw or criminal justice major or "be sure to double major in a mainstream liberal arts discipline."David Weinberg, assistant dean of admissions at Tulane University Law School, says undergraduates who plan to become lawyers should take elective courses that complement their college majors. Taking a wide range of college courses, including classes in disparate fields like math and literature, is one way to show law schools that you have a variety of academic talents, he says.Law school hopefuls should use their academic interests to guide their choice of major, says Kari VanSickle, the admissions director at Brigham Young University's J. Reuben Clark Law School.
一些專家還敦促本科生避免與法律相關(guān)的專業(yè)。賓夕法尼亞的黎巴嫩谷學(xué)院法律與社會(huì)項(xiàng)目主任、政治學(xué)副教授菲利普·本施說，他通常建議大學(xué)生要么遠(yuǎn)離法律，要么遠(yuǎn)離刑事司法專業(yè)，否則在主流的文科學(xué)科中，一定要雙學(xué)位。杜蘭大學(xué)法學(xué)院負(fù)責(zé)招生的副院長(zhǎng)戴維·溫伯格說，打算成為律師的本科生應(yīng)該選修一些與他們的大學(xué)專業(yè)相輔相成的選修課程。他說，廣泛的大學(xué)課程，包括不同領(lǐng)域的課程，如數(shù)學(xué)和文學(xué)，是向法學(xué)院展示你有各種學(xué)術(shù)才能的一種方式。楊百翰大學(xué)法學(xué)院的招生主管卡麗·凡西克爾說，法學(xué)院的學(xué)生們應(yīng)該利用他們的學(xué)術(shù)興趣來(lái)指導(dǎo)他們選擇專業(yè)。她說，那些知道自己想上法學(xué)院的學(xué)生不應(yīng)該根據(jù)他們認(rèn)為的法律錄取官的喜好選擇他們的本科專業(yè)。潛在的法學(xué)學(xué)生應(yīng)該追隨他們的熱情
許多法學(xué)院的學(xué)生說，選擇他們喜歡的專業(yè)幫助他們?cè)诖髮W(xué)里表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異，從而使他們成為一名有吸引力的法學(xué)院申請(qǐng)人。楊百翰大學(xué)一年級(jí)法律系學(xué)生米蘭達(dá)·切爾卡斯通過電子郵件說:學(xué)生們應(yīng)該根據(jù)自己的興趣選擇一個(gè)專業(yè)，不要管那是什么。我和其他三年級(jí)的法律系學(xué)生住在一起。我是一名政治學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生，我的室友主修音樂戲劇，亞洲歷史，分子和細(xì)胞生物學(xué)。我們都是優(yōu)秀的法學(xué)院的申請(qǐng)者，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)谖覀冞x擇的領(lǐng)域追求卓越，而不是因?yàn)槲覀冞x擇了那些僅僅是為了進(jìn)入法學(xué)院的領(lǐng)域。
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