99%的留學(xué)生都掛掉的牛津面試題，究竟有多燒腦?出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)與你一起見證。
牛津大學(xué)的面試題是出了名的難，今天，留學(xué)君帶大家一起見識(shí)一下難倒大部分留學(xué)生的牛津大學(xué)的面試題，漲漲知識(shí)，看看別人的大學(xué)都考些什么，也測(cè)測(cè)自己能答上幾題。
生物科學(xué) Biological Sciences
▌Ladybirds are red. So are strawberries. Why?
瓢蟲是紅的，草莓也是，為什么?
解答提示：常見的動(dòng)植物是非常普遍的考點(diǎn)，這道題主要考察你的思辨能力。
Red can signal either 'don't eat me' or 'eat me' to consumers. I'm interested in seeing how applicants attempt to resolve this apparent paradox.
紅色既可以向取食者發(fā)送“別吃我”的信號(hào)，又可以發(fā)送“吃我”的信號(hào)。這道題考查考生如何解決這個(gè)明顯的悖論。
計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)Computer Science
▌How do pirates divide their treasure?
海盜如何分財(cái)寶?
A group of 7 pirates has 100 gold coins. They have to decide amongst themselves how to divide the treasure, but must abide by pirate rules:
7個(gè)海盜共有100枚金幣，他們必須自行決定如何分財(cái)寶，分財(cái)寶必須按照如下規(guī)則：
The most senior pirate proposes the division.
最年長(zhǎng)的海盜提出一個(gè)分贓方案。
All of the pirates (including the most senior) vote on the division. If half or more vote for the division, it stands. If less than half vote for it, they throw the most senior pirate overboard and start again.
所有海盜(包括最年長(zhǎng)者)進(jìn)行投票，如果一半或以上的海盜贊同，那結(jié)果成立。如果少于一半，他們將最年長(zhǎng)者投入大海并重新來過。
The pirates are perfectly logical, and entirely ruthless (only caring about maximizing their own share of the gold).
海盜邏輯性強(qiáng)，而且非常無情(只關(guān)注個(gè)人所得最大化)。
So, what division should the most senior pirate suggest to the other six?
所以，最年長(zhǎng)的海盜應(yīng)如何建議把金幣分給其他6個(gè)海盜?
解答提示：這是道標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的邏輯考題，同時(shí)教授們還將注重你解決問題和溝通能力。
I like to see how students can take directions, and if they can break problems into smaller subsets, and work through a complex concept applying a solution in an algorithmic way. If students have any questions, I want them to ask – not to sit in silence feeling stuck!
這道題關(guān)注學(xué)生如何跟著引導(dǎo)走，是否能將大問題切分成小問題，用算法方式化解復(fù)雜的概念。如有問題，學(xué)生應(yīng)該立即提出，而非悶聲冥思苦想。
經(jīng)濟(jì)管理Economics and Management
▌Do bankers deserve the pay they receive? And should government do something to limit how much they get?
銀行家們的所得與付出是否成正比?政府是否應(yīng)限制其所得?
解答提示：這道題反映了一個(gè)非?，F(xiàn)實(shí)的金融問題，解題關(guān)鍵是從經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)角度解讀收入，而非考慮公平性問題。
A simple answer might be that since banks are generally private firms and workers are free to work where they wish, then the pay they receive is just the outcome of a competitive labour market.
簡(jiǎn)單的答案：一般來講銀行是私人公司，員工能較為自由地自主選擇工作地方，因此他們的個(gè)人所得是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的勞動(dòng)市場(chǎng)的結(jié)果。
英國文學(xué)English Literature
▌JK Rowling has published a book for adults after the hugely successful Harry Potter series. In what ways do you think that writing for children is different to writing for adults?
J.K. 羅琳在《哈利·波特》系列大獲成功之后又推出了一本面向成人讀者的書籍。你認(rèn)為為孩子們寫書和為成人寫書有何區(qū)別?
解答提示：沒讀過這本書也不用慌，考官是想了解你是否是一個(gè)愛思考的讀書人。
I always want to know that whatever they are reading, candidates are reading thoughtfully and self-consciously, and are able to think as literary critics about all the books they read. I am careful to judge them on what they know, not on what they don't know
我想了解的是，不論考生們讀過什么，他們都應(yīng)該邊讀邊思考，做個(gè)有心人，能夠像一個(gè)文學(xué)批評(píng)家一樣讀書。我盡量通過他們知道的事情來評(píng)判他們，而非他們不知道的。
地理Geography
▌If I were to visit the area where you live, what would I be interested in?
如果我到你的家鄉(xiāng)，我會(huì)對(duì)什么感興趣?
解答提示：這道題考查的是你的“地理思維”以及對(duì)世界的好奇心。
The question probes whether they are able to apply ‘geographical thinking' to the everyday landscapes around them. It reveals the extent to which they have a curiosity about the world around them.
這道題主要考查考生是否能將“地理思維”應(yīng)用到他們周邊的事物。這揭示了他們是否對(duì)周圍的世界抱有好奇心。
歷史History
▌Is violence always political? Does 'political' mean something different in different contexts?
暴力中都含有政治因素嗎?在不同的語境下，“政治”是否具有不同內(nèi)涵?
解答提示：此題并非考查問題的解決，而是發(fā)現(xiàn)考生對(duì)已知領(lǐng)域的興趣。
A good candidate would, with assistance, begin to construct categories of when violence looks more and less political. A very good candidate would, with assistance, begin to construct a useful definition of 'political', but this is challenging.
一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的考生將能夠在幫助下，將暴力含有政治因素多少的情況進(jìn)行分類。而出類拔萃的考生將能夠在幫助下建立起對(duì)于“政治”的有用定義，但這非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性。
法律Law
▌If the punishment for parking on double yellow lines were death, and therefore nobody did it, would that be a just and effective law?
如果停車停在雙黃線上將判處死刑，那么沒人會(huì)這么做。這是一條公正且行之有效的法律嗎?
解答提示：結(jié)果不重要，對(duì)結(jié)果引發(fā)問題的思考才是考官們最看重的。
Candidates are not meant to give a right or wrong answer to this question. They need to demonstrate that they have recognised the various issues that arise. The candidate who distinguishes between 'just' and 'effective' does best. The issues are different once that distinction is made. A just law might not be effective, or vice versa.
這道題不是要考生給出正確或錯(cuò)誤的答案，但他們需要認(rèn)識(shí)到結(jié)果將引發(fā)的系列問題。能夠區(qū)分“公正”和“有效”的考生才是最優(yōu)秀的。如果做出區(qū)分，則兩者差別顯而易見，公正的法律未必有效，反之亦然。
材料科學(xué)Materials Science
▌How hot does the air have to be in a hot air balloon if I wanted to use it to lift an elephant?
如果我想用熱氣球吊起一頭大象，里面的空氣得多熱?
解答提示：教授們?cè)O(shè)置這道題，肯定不是為了在很短時(shí)間內(nèi)讓你給出一個(gè)確切的答案。
Things we are looking for include how readily they can see into the core of a problem; how they respond to hints and suggestions from us; estimates (typical size of balloon, weight of elephant) and sorting out what's important...
我們看中的是：他們?cè)鯓涌焖俚乜紤]到問題的核心;對(duì)于我們給出的暗示和建議他們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì);預(yù)估(典型熱氣球的大小，大象的重量)及歸納出最重要的是什么……
現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)Modern Languages
▌In a world where English is a global language, why learn French?
既然英語是全球性語言，為什么要學(xué)法語?
解答提示：這個(gè)問題看似簡(jiǎn)單，實(shí)際大有深意，你的回答，會(huì)影響老師們后續(xù)的問題。
Given the nature of the Modern Languages course, I would be interested in responses about the French language as a 'window' into French culture/literature/history, etc.; but would also be happy to see candidates investigate some of the assumptions underlying the question: Is English a global language? What about Mandarin Chinese, Spanish, etc.?
考慮到現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)課程的屬性，我會(huì)對(duì)法語是通向法國文化、文學(xué)、歷史的“窗口”等這樣的回答感興趣;不過，如果有考生能探究該問題背后的假設(shè)：為什么英語是全球語言?那漢語和西班牙語呢?我也會(huì)很開心。
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)Economics
▌Why is income per head between 50 and 100 times larger in the United States than in countries such as Burundi and Malawi?
為什么美國人均收入是布隆迪、馬拉維這樣國家的50到100倍?
解答提示：回答這個(gè)問題時(shí)，不能停留在問題表面，而要學(xué)會(huì)透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)。
The question is focused on perhaps the most important economic question there is: why are some countries rich and some countries poor? Candidates need to think about all the potential reasons why such income gaps exist.
這個(gè)問題關(guān)注的可能是最重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)問題：為什么有些國家富有而有些國家貧窮?考生要考慮到存在這樣的收入差距的所有潛在原因。
心理學(xué)Psychology
▌A large study appears to show that older siblings consistently score higher than younger siblings on IQ tests. Why would this be?
一項(xiàng)大規(guī)模研究證明，年長(zhǎng)的哥哥姐姐智力測(cè)試得分一直比他們的弟弟妹妹高，這是為什么呢?
解答提示：這個(gè)問題也需要綜合考慮很多因素，比如：出生順序、母親的生育年齡、父母是否專注陪伴等。
This is a question that really asks students to think about lots of different aspects of psychology, and we guide students when discussing it to think about both scientific factors such as maternal age and observational analysis about how birth order might affect behaviour and therefore performance on IQ tests.
這個(gè)問題真的需要學(xué)生去考慮心理學(xué)的各個(gè)方面，在討論過程中我們會(huì)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生去思考兩個(gè)方面：科學(xué)因素，如母親年齡，和觀測(cè)分析，比如出生順序可能會(huì)影響行為，進(jìn)而影響智力測(cè)試中的表現(xiàn)。
神學(xué)和宗教Theology and Religion
▌Is someone who risks their own life (and those of others) in extreme sports or endurance activities a hero or a fool?
那些冒著自己或他人生命危險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行極限運(yùn)動(dòng)或耐力活動(dòng)的人是英雄還是傻子?
解答提示：如何把具體的問題和一個(gè)相對(duì)廣泛的概念聯(lián)系在一起，如何探索出更多值得談?wù)摰膯栴}是老師們想要看到的閃光點(diǎn)。
The question is properly approached from many perspectives and opens up many topics – Is this impulse selfish, or does it contribute to the whole of humanity's attainment? What is a hero, and is that category in opposition to folly?
這個(gè)問題可以從很多角度入手，可以發(fā)掘更多話題——這種沖動(dòng)自私嗎?它是否對(duì)全人類的成就有貢獻(xiàn)?英雄是什么，是與愚蠢相對(duì)的分類嗎?
除了以上這些專業(yè)性的問題，名校面試也包括一些常規(guī)問題。問題都不難，關(guān)鍵要明白面試官的意圖，名校面試常規(guī)問題我們也整理了一些，供參考!
1、What are you interested in studying in college?
你對(duì)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的哪方面感興趣?
解答提示：這個(gè)問題問的是你的學(xué)術(shù)計(jì)劃，以及未來的職業(yè)方向和興趣，包括你的背景和個(gè)性等?？忌鷳?yīng)選擇一門學(xué)科，并說出為什么。要有明確的目標(biāo)和方向，不要含糊不清。
2、What high school accomplishment are you most proud of?
你高中期間最自豪的成就是什么?
解答提示：這個(gè)問題除了能展現(xiàn)你的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)以外，還能透露出你的人生追求，讓面試官更加全面地了解你?？忌v述自己的成就時(shí)要表現(xiàn)出熱情和積極的一面，讓面試官知道你是一個(gè)有激情的年輕人，這一點(diǎn)很重要。
3、Tell me about your family background? Where did you grow up?
說說你的家庭背景，你在哪兒長(zhǎng)大的?
解答提示：通過這個(gè)問題，面試官想了解的是，你是在怎樣的環(huán)境中成長(zhǎng)起來的，在社會(huì)上屬于怎樣一類人，更重要的是了解你對(duì)自己的成長(zhǎng)背景的感受和看法?？忌鐚?shí)作答，多談?wù)勀阕约?，千萬別只答一句話。
4、What is an example of something difficult you've had to go through, or an important event perhaps that took place in your life in the last few years?
過去幾年你是否經(jīng)歷過艱難或重要的時(shí)刻?
解答提示：這個(gè)問題問的是你是誰、你有怎樣的價(jià)值觀，對(duì)你來說最重要的是什么。面試官想了解你是怎樣一個(gè)人，你和他人的關(guān)系等。回答這一題時(shí)，要自信地說出你的故事。同時(shí)也要展示出一種自省的態(tài)度，要反映出你在思考這些經(jīng)歷。不要回答得太簡(jiǎn)短。
5、Why Harvard or Why Princeton? or Why Columbia? …
為什么選擇哈佛/普林斯頓/哥倫比亞……?
解答提示：這一題問的是你對(duì)學(xué)校的了解?；卮疬@一題前要做好功課，查查各學(xué)校的特色。作答時(shí)應(yīng)主要談該校在學(xué)術(shù)方面對(duì)你特別有吸引力的項(xiàng)目、課程、老師等等，但也不要局限于學(xué)業(yè)方面，也可以談?wù)剬W(xué)校的氛圍、課外活動(dòng)等等，展示你是一個(gè)愛好廣泛積極熱情的人。
內(nèi)容來源：中國日?qǐng)?bào)、新東方