出國留學(xué)，有時會涉及到轉(zhuǎn)專業(yè)的問題。去德國留學(xué)也一樣。那么在德國讀大學(xué)，如果不想學(xué)習(xí)先前選擇的專業(yè)了，轉(zhuǎn)專業(yè)怎么轉(zhuǎn)呢?都有哪些要求?下面出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)以德國著名大學(xué)亞琛工業(yè)大學(xué)為例，介紹德國留學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)專業(yè)的基本常識，一起來看看吧!
If you are interested in changing your subject, you must submit an Application for Change of Enrollment to the Registrar's Office.
Acceptable Reasons for Change of Enrollment:
Subject change
Degree program change
Change of subject combination
Addition of a second or third course of study
Removal of a course of study or subject
如果有意轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)科，你必須向注冊處提交注冊轉(zhuǎn)換申請。
注冊轉(zhuǎn)換的合理理由有如下：
轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)科轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)位課程
學(xué)科綜合轉(zhuǎn)換
增加第二或第三門課程
課程或?qū)W科撤銷
Application
You must have submitted an application within the application deadline if you are changing restricted courses of study or subjects.
申請
轉(zhuǎn)限制課程或?qū)W科，必須在申請截止日期之前提交申請。
Particulars of Master Courses of Study
Please note that in order to enroll or transfer into a Master course of study you must have submitted a request for the open admission Master courses of study or an application for restricted admission Master courses of study by July 15 for the winter semester and January 15 for the summer semester.
碩士課程
請注意，為了注冊或轉(zhuǎn)入碩士課程，在7月15日(冬季學(xué)期)或1月15日(夏季學(xué)期)之前，你必須提交開放碩士課程要求或限制入學(xué)碩士課程申請。
1.When do I need to submit an application for a change of enrollment?
During the re-enrollment period
Exception 1: Necessary Subject Change Due to Loss of Your Right to Examination
If you want to change your subject, because you lost your right to examination, you are allowed to change after the start of the lecture period. You have until the last day of the month, in which the current lecture period started. October 31st is the latest possible deadline for the winter semester, and April 30th for the summer semester .
什么時候需要提交注冊轉(zhuǎn)換申請?
在重新注冊期間提交。
例外1：由于喪失考試資格而必須轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)科
如果是因?yàn)閱适Э荚囐Y格而想轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)科，你可以在講座開始之后轉(zhuǎn)。可以在當(dāng)月最后一天(當(dāng)前講座開始時間)申請。冬季學(xué)期的最后截止日期是19月31日，夏季學(xué)期最后截止日期是4月30日。
Note: If you want to start a new subject through this method, you need to get a certificate of good standing. This confirms from the subject side of the matter, there are no objections to you starting a new subject and that you have a right to examination in your new subject. You can get a certificate of good standing (Unbedenklichkeitsbescheinigung) from the examination board of the subject, into which you are switching. There is no official form for the certificate. You can work with the Registrar's office to create one for your individual case. Additionally, the Registrar's Office is responsible for signing the certificate.
注：如果你想通過這種方法開始新學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)，你需要持有存續(xù)證明書。這從學(xué)科主題方面確認(rèn)，對于開始新學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)沒有限制，對于新學(xué)科考試資格也沒有限制。可以從新學(xué)科考試委員會處拿到存續(xù)證明書。存續(xù)證明書沒有官方形式?？梢院妥蕴巺f(xié)商，開具個人存續(xù)證明。此外，注冊處負(fù)責(zé)簽署證明。
Exception 2: Change from a Bachelor to a Master Course of Study
If you cannot prove within the re-enrollment period that you have successfully finished your Bachelor course of study, you can do so later on. For the summer semester, the latest possible deadline would be April 30, and Oktober 31, for the winter semester. That means you must have completed your Bachelor's in the previous semester, in order to enroll for a Master course of study in the following semester.
例外2：從學(xué)士課程轉(zhuǎn)入碩士課程
如果你不能在重新注冊期間證明你已經(jīng)完成本科課程學(xué)習(xí)，你可以在晚點(diǎn)的時候轉(zhuǎn)入。夏季學(xué)期最后截止日期是4月30日，冬季學(xué)期最后截止日期是10月31日。這意味著，為了能夠在接下來的學(xué)期注冊碩士課程，你必須在前一個學(xué)期完成學(xué)士學(xué)習(xí)。
2.Can I receive credit in my new subject for the exams I took in my old subject?
Yes. Exams you have completed that are equally applicable for both the old and new subject are recognized when you change your subject.
Note: That does not mean that exams you did not pass in the old subject will be carried over as failed exams in the new subject. This is intended to prevent you from putting off an exam more than three times, and as a result, first realizing after you have switched subjects, that you have already lost your right to examination in the new subject.
在先前學(xué)科考試中拿到的學(xué)分可以計入新學(xué)科學(xué)分嗎?
可以。對原先學(xué)科和新學(xué)科都適用的考試會在轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)科的時候得到認(rèn)可。
注：那不意味著原先學(xué)科中沒有通過的考試會計入新學(xué)科中的沒有通過的考試。這樣是為了防止你推遲考試超過三次，(并且作為結(jié)果，)防止你在轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)科之后，才意識到你差不多已經(jīng)喪失了新學(xué)科的考試資格。
3.When I change subjects, do I start my new studies in the first course semester?
No. If you have completed exams in your old subject, which can be applied to your new subject, you can enroll in a higher course semester, right as you change subjects. However, there is also the requirement that on application the respective examination board places you in a higher course semester. This typically occurs when you present your certificate of good standing. Please ask your departmental advisor to inform you of the exact process.
轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)科的時候，需要在第一教學(xué)學(xué)期開始學(xué)學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)嗎?
不需要，如果你已經(jīng)完成了原先學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)，并且原先學(xué)科適用于新學(xué)科，你就可以在轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)科的時候注冊下一個教學(xué)學(xué)期。不過，在申請的時候，也要求各自的考試委員會將你排到下一個教學(xué)學(xué)期——尤其是在你出示存續(xù)證明書的時候。具體流程請咨詢部門輔導(dǎo)員。
4.There is restricted admission for the higher course semesters of my new subject. What do I do?
You have to apply for a university placement in a higher course semester through the Registrar's Office. The application deadline for the summer semester is March 15th, and September 15th, for the winter semester. Whether or not you receive the placement in a higher course semester depends on whether there are free spots available in that course of study's respective course semester. This means that someone from your targeted course semester has to disenroll, thus freeing up a spot for you.
新學(xué)科下一個教學(xué)學(xué)期入學(xué)有限制，該怎么辦?
必須通過注冊處申請高級教學(xué)學(xué)期大學(xué)名額。夏季學(xué)期申請的截止日期是3月15日，冬季學(xué)期是9月15日。是否能收到高級教學(xué)學(xué)期名額取決于該課程各自的教學(xué)學(xué)期是否有多余名額可供利用。這即是說，有人從你的目標(biāo)教學(xué)學(xué)期中退出，從而騰出名額給你。
Note: It would behoove of you to simulatenously apply for a spot in the first semester. If there is no open spot in the semester you are aiming for, you still have the chance to enter your desired course of study in the first semester. After you are enrolled as a first semester student, you can be bumped up to your desired semester if there are enough spaces available in the higher core semesters after the allocation process has taken place. Typically students will not be bumped up until the following semester due to limited capacities.
注：有必要同時申請第一學(xué)期名額。如果你申請的學(xué)期沒有公開名額，你仍然有機(jī)會在第一學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí)想學(xué)習(xí)的課程。注冊為第一學(xué)期學(xué)生之后，如果分配過程結(jié)束之后高級核心學(xué)期還有名額，你就可以進(jìn)入你想申請的學(xué)期。一般而言，由于名額有限，直到下一個學(xué)期學(xué)生才會被提升。
(換課注意事項(xiàng))
A change in your course of study should occur as early on as possible. However it should not be executed without reflection of current feelings of frustration or panic. You should absolutely clarify the following before changing your course of study:
From the school desk to the lecture hall: Are you dissatisfied because of the subject or because your new learning environment?
轉(zhuǎn)課應(yīng)該盡早。不過，先要對挫折或恐慌進(jìn)行反思，再開始轉(zhuǎn)課。轉(zhuǎn)課之前，絕對有必要想清以下問題：
從學(xué)校課桌到講座大廳：你是對學(xué)科不滿意還是對新學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境不滿意?
Difficulties in studies do not always result directly from the chosen course of study. First year students should particularly ask themselves if the difficulties that have arisen are primarily due to their start and adaption issues with the university learning environment. These are adjustment difficulties, that are conditional on the switch from school to university, such as problems with time and self managements, missing learning strategies when dealing with high amounts of material and content, and academic demands, personal difficulties with the new life situation, and more.
學(xué)習(xí)困難并不總是由所選的課程直接導(dǎo)致。第一學(xué)年學(xué)生尤其應(yīng)該問問自己，困難是否主要源于剛開始進(jìn)入大學(xué)導(dǎo)致的新環(huán)境不適應(yīng)。這些屬于高中過渡到大學(xué)的適應(yīng)性困難，比如時間安排、自我管理、處理大量材料和內(nèi)容時的學(xué)習(xí)策略、學(xué)術(shù)要求、新生活環(huán)境中的個人困難等。
Ask the professionals: Departmental Advising and the Student Advice Centre
If you are doubting your aptitude for the chosen course of study and additionally have the feeling that you do not measure up to the performance demands in the chosen subject, you should not carry these uncertain feelings around with you. Check if your uncertainty rather than your own relief as soon as possible. Talk for example, with the departmental advisors from the respective course of study or contact the Student Advice Centre.
咨詢專業(yè)人員：部門建議和學(xué)生服務(wù)中心
如果對自己在選定課程方面的學(xué)習(xí)潛能有懷疑，擔(dān)心達(dá)不到選定學(xué)科的表現(xiàn)要求，你不應(yīng)該讓這些不確定的因素困擾你。盡早從不安中解脫出來。例如，可以和各學(xué)習(xí)課程的部門輔導(dǎo)員交談，或者聯(lián)系學(xué)生服務(wù)中心。
Failing the First Exam: Seek Advising Rather Than Changing Your Subject
As a first year student you should consider the following: Do not evaluate it as a personal weakness, if you do not pass the first exam in your course of study. Such an interpretation is premature and requires more careful review.
第一次考試失?。簩で蠼ㄗh，別急著換課
作為第一學(xué)年學(xué)生，你應(yīng)該考慮以下：如果課程第一次考試沒有通過，不要把它看成是個人弱點(diǎn)。個人弱點(diǎn)這種看法是欠成熟的，有待進(jìn)一步考慮。
University or University of Applied Sciences?
A series of courses of study, above all in the technical field, can also be studied at a university of applied sciences. If, despite the arisen and grave difficulties, you are interested in the chosen course of study and the related career fields, you may want to consider transferring to a university of applied sciences. You should first speak with someone in the Student Advice Centre. Furthermore, you should visit lectures at the university of applied sciences and contact the departmental advising there. The examination board of the course of study in question at the university of applied sciences is responsible for recognizing any of your academic performance as valid for studies at a university of applied sciences.
選研究型大學(xué)還是應(yīng)用科學(xué)大學(xué)?
在應(yīng)用科學(xué)大學(xué)，有許多課程(尤其是技術(shù)領(lǐng)域)可供學(xué)習(xí)。面對不斷出現(xiàn)的困難，如果你對選定課程和相關(guān)就業(yè)領(lǐng)域感興趣，你可能會想轉(zhuǎn)到應(yīng)用科學(xué)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。首先應(yīng)該和學(xué)生建議中心的相關(guān)人員溝通。其次，你應(yīng)該去聽聽?wèi)?yīng)用科學(xué)大學(xué)的講座，聯(lián)系那里的部門輔導(dǎo)員。在應(yīng)用科學(xué)大學(xué)，你想學(xué)習(xí)的課程的考試委員會負(fù)責(zé)認(rèn)可你的學(xué)術(shù)表現(xiàn)為在應(yīng)用科學(xué)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的依據(jù)。
A Question Motivation?
A question of motivation for the course of study in a central point students should very much consider, if they are having doubts. Why did you pick this course of study? What induced you to do so? How interested are you in the content and topics of subject? How strong is your desire to attain the originally planned career goal? The enthusiasm and interest for the subject as well as identification with the career goal are the most important driving factors, for accepting the difficulty of studies and overcoming the difficulties.
動機(jī)問題
對于有困惑的學(xué)生，課程學(xué)習(xí)的動機(jī)是他們應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)考慮的。為什么選擇這門課?是什么使得你這樣做?你對課程的內(nèi)容和話題是否有興趣?你想實(shí)現(xiàn)最初計劃的職業(yè)目標(biāo)的愿望有多強(qiáng)烈?對學(xué)科的熱情個興趣。以及對職業(yè)目標(biāo)的鑒定，是迎接和克服學(xué)習(xí)困難的最重要的驅(qū)動力。
Consequences for Changing Your Subject
Bafög
If you receive Bafög, you should definitely seek advising early on from the Bafög office before changing your course of study. You must have changed your course of study by the end of the third core semester. If you change your course of study later, the funding will be discontinued. You should avoid changing your course of study as an temporary solution or without detailed reflection.
轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)科的影響
學(xué)金
如果你享有學(xué)金，在換課之前一定要盡早向?qū)W金辦公室尋求建議。必須在第三個核心學(xué)期結(jié)束之前完成換課。如果換課晚了，基金會被取消。不應(yīng)該將換課作為權(quán)宜之計，在沒有經(jīng)過反復(fù)思考之前也不應(yīng)該換課。
Job Market
An early change in your course of study is understandable for many employers and personnel managers, since an incorrect decision is recognized and quickly fixed in theses cases.
Employers and personnel managers negatively regard
multiple changes to your course of study
a change in your course of study during your main studies or right before the end of your studies.
就業(yè)
對于前期換課，許多雇主和人事部經(jīng)理都是理解的，因?yàn)榍捌趽Q課說明你意識到了錯誤的決定，并及時作了修改。
對于以下情況，雇主和人事部經(jīng)理會認(rèn)為是消極：
多次換課
在主要學(xué)習(xí)期間換課，或者在主要學(xué)習(xí)快結(jié)束的時候換課。