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2016年考研英語閱讀材料:finance minister
ALMOST every recent Greek finance minister has been an Athens university economics professor moonlighting as a politician. Yanis Varoufakis is no exception. But unlike his predecessors, Mr Varoufakis has become a global celebrity, to the annoyance of many in Syriza, the leftist party in power. To his critics, Mr Varoufakis's lifestyle―riding a powerful motorbike, spending evenings in chic bars and weekends at a smart island villa belonging to his wife―is embarrassingly close to that of the rich Greeks he castigates for avoiding taxes by stashing cash abroad.
The leather-jacketed Mr Varoufakis is not much liked by his euro-zone colleagues either. He lectures them and shows little interest in the details of reforms demanded by Greece's creditors. The pace of negotiations has picked up as Greece's cash crunch gets more acute. But Mr Varoufakis continues to raise obstacles, say officials in Brussels and Frankfurt. He is deeply reluctant to cross any of Syriza's “red lines”: no more cuts in pensions, no more labour reforms, no increases in value-added tax and no privatisations beyond the handful that are already under way.
Divisions within Syriza's economic team do not help. Amazingly, Mr Varoufakis is often away on the international conference circuit. In his absence Yannis Dragasakis, the deputy prime minister, who is close to Mr Tsipras but not to Mr Varoufakis, takes over. His messages to the “institutions”, as the IMF, European Central Bank and European Commission are now known (in place of the hated “troika”), are more conciliatory than those of Mr Varoufakis. But their senior officials are still banned by Mr Varoufakis from holding discussions in the finance ministry inAthens.
Greeceis unlikely to reach a deal this month with its creditors. Mr Varoufakis is trying to buy more time. The latest wheeze was to get local authorities and other public agencies to transfer their cash reserves to the central bank. But without a deal,Greece seems certain to run out of money to repay its debts to the IMF and ECB. Some fret that Mr Varoufakis's half-hearted negotiating tactics show a lack of commitment to keeping Greece in the euro. As a fellow economics professor puts it: “Unlike his predecessors, Yanis isn't interested in managing the economy. What he really enjoys is brinkmanship.”
參考譯文:
希臘近幾任財政部長皆為希臘大學(xué)的經(jīng)濟學(xué)教授，業(yè)余職業(yè)是政治家。雅尼斯?瓦魯法克斯也不例外。但與前幾任部長不同的是，他已是全球矚目的熱門人物，惹來執(zhí)政黨激進左翼聯(lián)盟中諸多人士的不滿。瓦魯法克斯財長經(jīng)常騎著飆勁十足的摩托車，夜晚沉浸在時尚酒吧，周末在妻子的智能沙灘別墅度過。在其批評家看來，這差不多是希臘富豪階級的生活方式，而瓦魯法克斯財長也嚴懲海外存錢避稅的富豪階級，這種矛盾的表現(xiàn)令人哭笑不得。
身著皮夾克的瓦魯法克斯財長亦不招歐元區(qū)同僚的喜歡。他訓(xùn)斥他們，對希臘債權(quán)人發(fā)起的改革詳情幾乎毫無興趣。隨著希臘現(xiàn)金危機的不斷加劇，談判進程才恢復(fù)正常。但是，據(jù)布魯塞爾與法蘭克福兩市的官員稱，瓦魯法克斯還是不斷加以為難。他極其不愿越激進左翼聯(lián)盟的“雷池”一步，即禁止再度削減養(yǎng)老金，禁止勞力改革，禁止提高增值稅，禁止少數(shù)人以外的私有化擴大。
激進左翼聯(lián)盟經(jīng)濟團隊的內(nèi)部分化也于事無補。而國際電話會議上常常不見瓦魯法克斯其人，讓人不可思議。在其缺席期間，親齊普拉斯的Yannis Dragasakis副總理代其參會。他在會議上向如今熟知的國際貨幣基金組織、歐洲中央銀行以及歐盟委員會“三方集團”(取代“三巨頭”這一令人厭惡的稱呼)傳達的信息相較于瓦魯法克斯的而言，調(diào)解性強。但瓦魯法克斯財長仍然禁止三方機構(gòu)的高級官員在雅典財政部舉行洽談會。
希臘本月與其債權(quán)人達成協(xié)議看來無望。瓦魯法克斯財長設(shè)法周旋，以拖延時間。最新的舉動即讓地方政府等機構(gòu)將其現(xiàn)金儲備轉(zhuǎn)移到中央銀行。如果雙方還未達成協(xié)議，希臘很可能為償還國際貨幣基金組織與歐洲央行的債務(wù)而落得傾家蕩產(chǎn)。有些人士萬分焦灼，表示瓦魯法克斯財長在談判中不太認真，并未表現(xiàn)出希臘留在歐元區(qū)的承諾和決心。正如一位經(jīng)濟學(xué)教授同仁所言：“真正讓瓦魯法克斯上心的不是管理經(jīng)濟，而是實行邊緣政策。”
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