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人口增長類
(1)1999年真題。Directions:
Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words.
Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
1. Effect of the country’s growing human population on its wildlife
2. Possible reason for the effect.
3. Your suggestion for wildlife protection.
真題分析：
本題為多年來考研作文短文題目中僅有的一道純圖表題目。圖中只給出了一大一小兩幅簡單的線形圖，要求考生分析兩幅圖之間的關系，總結出題目的主題和內涵。
針對本題，我們所要做的第一步是仔細閱讀圖中的文字說明和數據，特別注意數據的變化趨勢。但是，在文章中切忌簡單羅列所有數據，不僅會使文章無端地增加長度，還會使考官無法抓住文章主題。對于數據的處理一般都是進行概括分析，僅舉幾個典型的數據為例來說明問題。
第一幅線形圖中，美國人口在1800年至1980年至短短200年之間增長了近250倍，而從1700年至1900年200年間美國的生物滅絕速度卻增加了70倍。人口增長的速度和物種滅絕的速度正好成正比。由此可以推斷，題目要求考生認清這兩者之間的關系，認識到人口的增長和擴展嚴重威脅到了物種的生存，從而要求考生在文章中分析問題產生的原因，提出解決方案。
思路拓展：
人口的失控增長是近幾十年來全球的熱點話題之一。人口的擴張不是一個簡單的問題，而是涉及空間、資源控制、生態(tài)平衡、環(huán)境污染、經濟發(fā)展、社會保障和福利等等一系列、全方位涉及到人類在地球上生存和發(fā)展的問題。當今世界上的許多疾病、矛盾、甚至是戰(zhàn)爭，都是由于人口爆炸而引起的。此外，人口問題還涉及到人口質量、身體健康、性別比例、人口增長與財富分配、老齡化等常見話題?？忌梢栽谄綍r的新聞報道中找到足夠的信息，而可以多找一些報紙雜志上的評論文章上閱讀，為自己積累論點和論據等。
范文：
Currently, there is a widespread concern about the previously neglected connection between growing human population and decreasing wild species. As the two graphs obviously portrayed, American population in 1980 was 250 times than that in 1800, a trend accompanied by the extinction of nearly 70 kinds of wildlife in the past 300 years. A clear correlation is suggested that mankind has exerted a tremendously negative influence on natural species.
There are many factors responsible for the aforementioned tendency. First and foremost, to satisfy the space demand for the booming population, the only available solution for Americans is to take occupation of forests and grassland. that used to be habitat of wild animals and plants. Furthermore, the process of industrialization and urbanization has generated severe pollution that essentially destroys environment and ecosystem.
In my point of view, the dearth of wildlife today forecasts an unpromising future for humans tomorrow. In order to eliminate species extinction, relevant laws and regulations must be established and enforced to maintain a large portion of unspoiled areas. Effective measures should also be applied to ensure that the impact of pollution be removed.
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