Police help people walk through the deep water in Chengdu, Sichuan province, on Monday. Rainstorms have swept across the province, causing severe flooding and landslides. Meng Delong / for China DailyRainstorms sweeping across parts of China have affected millions, and Sichuan province has been hit the hardest by severe floods and landslides.席卷中國(guó)部分地區(qū)的暴雨導(dǎo)致數(shù)百萬人受災(zāi)，災(zāi)情最重的四川省發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重的洪水和山體滑坡。從氣象上來說，24小時(shí)降水量(precipitation)為50毫米或以上的雨稱為“暴雨”(rainstorm/ downpour/ torrential rain)。特大暴雨是一種災(zāi)害性天氣(disastrous weather)，往往造成“洪澇災(zāi)害”(flood)，在山區(qū)還會(huì)引發(fā)“山體滑坡”(landslide)和“泥石流”(debris flow)。Landslide(山體滑坡)是暴雨使山體不堪重負(fù)，由山體薄弱地帶斷開整體下滑，而debris flow(泥石流)是暴雨使沙土石達(dá)到水飽和，在重力的作用下液化的泥沙石向低洼處流動(dòng)。
暴雨洪災(zāi)相關(guān)詞匯
downpour 暴雨
storm/tempest/rainstorm暴風(fēng)雨
drizzle毛毛雨
shower陣雨
thundershower雷陣雨
floods/floodwater/inundation 洪水
flash floods山洪暴發(fā)
water level水位
flood level 洪水水位
warning level 警戒水位
watercourses 河道/水道
water discharge 排水量
water volume 水量
water reservoirs 水庫(kù)
to burst their banks/breaching of the dyke 決堤/潰堤
bridge collapse 大橋垮塌
low-lying areas 低洼地區(qū)
to inundate crops 淹沒農(nóng)田
worst-hit area 最嚴(yán)重受災(zāi)地區(qū)
direct economic loss 直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失
to evacuate 疏散
inflatable boats 充氣艇
rubber boats 橡皮艇
emergency response system 應(yīng)急系統(tǒng)
red/orange/yellow/blue rainstorm alert 紅色/ 橙色/ 黃色/ 藍(lán)色暴雨預(yù)警