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The Historical Significance of American Revolution
The ways of history are so intricate and the motivations of human actionsso complex that it is always hazardous to attempt to represent events coveringa number of years, a multiplicity of persons, and distant localities asthe expression of one intellectual or social movement; yet the historicalprocess which culminated in the ascent of Thomas Jefferson to the presidencycan be regarded as the outstanding example not only of the birth of a new wayof life but of nationalism as a new way of life. The American Revolutionrepresents the link between the seventeenth century, in whichmodern England became conscious of itself, and the awakening of modernEurope at the end of the eighteenth century. It may seem strange that themarch of history should have had to cross the Atlantic Ocean, but only inthe North American colonies could a struggle for civic liberty lead also to thefoundation of a new nation.
Here, in thepopular rising against a "tyrannical" government, the fruits weremore than the securing of a freer constitution. They included the growthof a nation born in liberty by the will of the people, not from the roots ofcommon descent, a geographic entity, or the ambitions of king or dynasty. Withthe American nation, for the first time, a nation was born,
not in the dim past of history but before the eyes of the whole world.
全文翻譯：美國(guó)革命的歷史意義
歷史的進(jìn)程是如此錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜，人類行為的動(dòng)機(jī)是如此令人費(fèi)解，以至于想把那些時(shí)間跨度大，涉及人數(shù)多，空間范圍廣的事件描述成為一個(gè)智者或一場(chǎng)社會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的表現(xiàn)的企圖是危 險(xiǎn)的。 然而以托馬斯·杰弗遜登上總統(tǒng)寶座為高潮的那一段歷史過(guò)程可以被視為一個(gè)特殊 的例子。
在這段歷史時(shí)期里不僅誕生了新的生活方式，而且民族主義成為了一種新的生活 方式。 美國(guó)獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)成為聯(lián)結(jié) 17 世紀(jì)現(xiàn)代英格蘭的自我意識(shí)和 18 世紀(jì)末現(xiàn)代歐洲的覺(jué)醒 的紐帶。 歷史的行程需要跨越大西洋，這看起來(lái)似乎有些奇怪，但卻只有在北美殖民地為 民權(quán)和自由的斗爭(zhēng)才能導(dǎo)致新國(guó)家的建立。
這里，反對(duì)"暴政"的民眾起義的成果不僅是獲 得一個(gè)包含更多自由的憲法，還包括了一個(gè)依照人民的意愿誕生在自由中的國(guó)家的成長(zhǎng)。這 個(gè)國(guó)家不是基于血緣、地理、君主或王朝的野心。 由于有了美國(guó)，第一次一個(gè)國(guó)家的誕生不是發(fā)生在歷史模糊的過(guò)去，而是在全世界人們的眼前。
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