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A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10. Researchers said it could explain why people with a higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity rates. The study of 8,179 people was reported in the British Medical Journal.
Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarians — although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.
Men who were vegetarians had an IQ score of 106, compared with 101 for non-vegetarians; while female vegetarians averaged 104, compared with 99 for non-vegetarians. There was no difference in the IQ scores, between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.
Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class, but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.
Vegetarians were more likely to be female, to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians. However, these differences were not reflected in their annual income, which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.
Lead researcher Catharine Gale said, “The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarians as adults, together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on heart health, may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life.
But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said，“ they are clever enough to be more aware of health issues?”
[語篇解讀] 研究表明，素食和高智商有一定的關系。
1.What? s the result of the research mentioned in the text?
A. Intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life.
B. Children with a higher IQ are less likely to have heart disease later in life.
C. Intelligent children tend to belong to higher social class later in life.
D. Children with a healthier heart tend to have a higher IQ later in life.
[解析] 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10”可知A項正確。根據(jù)“it could explain why...”可知這一結(jié)果可幫助解釋B項中的現(xiàn)象，但B項并非這次研究的結(jié)果。故本題選A。
[答案] A
2.It was found in the research that________.
A. most of the participants became vegetarians 20 years after the IQ tests were carried out
B. vegetarians who ate fish or chicken were of similar intelligence with strict vegetarians
C. female vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians
D. vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians
[解析] 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or
chicken”可知答案。
[答案] B
3.Catharine Gale talked about “being vegetarians” in a(n)________way.
A. doubtful C. negative
B. favorable D. objective
[解析] 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段可知Catharine Gale只是客觀地講述研究結(jié)果，并沒有表示自己的立場。故選D項。
[答案] D
4.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A. Intelligence is linked to not just being a vegetarian but to many factors.
B. The rate of getting heart disease is linked to your lifestyle.
C. The link between a high IQ and being a vegetarian is still uncertain.
D. The link between a healthy heart and diet remains to be proved.
[解析] 推理判斷題。文章最后一句的意思是：人們成為素食者是因為他們智商高還是因為他們足夠聰明而更注意健康問題?由此可見Dr Frankie Phillips認為素食和高智商的因果關系尚未明確，就像弄不清楚是因為有蛋才有雞，還是因為有雞才有蛋一樣。故C項正確。
[答案] C
5.What? s the best title for the text?
A. Get more IQ points!
B. Be a vegetarian, please!
C. Vegetarian diet cuts heart risk
D. A high IQ is linked to being a vegetarian
[解析] 標題概括題。本文介紹了一項研究結(jié)果：素食與高智商有關，故D項正確。作者并未提出建議，所以A、B兩項錯誤;文章中雖然提到了心臟病，但不是文章的主旨，故C項錯誤。
[答案] D
[長難句解讀] (1) A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10.
本句是含有定語從句的復合句。who were vegetarians by 30是定語從句，修飾先行詞people。
(2)There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.
There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those是主句，who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken是定語從句，修飾先行詞those。
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